基于城市群的公路网布局优化问题研究
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摘要
随着近年来我国公路建设规模的扩大,公路网规划问题越来越得到公路建设和管理部门的关注,其中公路网优化布局理论与方法的研究已经成为我国公路科技工作者研究的热点问题之一。“四阶段法”作为经典的交通规划理论得到了广泛的应用,但从城市群的角度分析,传统规划理论的种种局限性已经表明其很难适应城市群综合交通系统规划的要求,以往研究了大量有关公路网优化布局的方法,但并没有对城市群的公路网优化布局进行过深入研究。鉴于此,本文将研究基于城市群的公路网布局最优化问题。对现有的公路网规划理论和方法进行深入的分析和探讨,提出改进和修正方法,以适应城市群公路网最优化问题的解决。研究工作主要体现在以下几个方面:
(1)针对基于城市群的公路网布局优化问题研究现状进行了全面的综述。主要从城市群的概念入手,对国内外现有城市群的类型、作用和发展进行了探讨,并提出中外城市群的差距,同时对城市群发展的理论进行了深入研究。
(2)总结分析了公路网结点的层次划分方法。考虑结点的交通运输水平,将结点的运输量作为确定结点重要度的一个指标,对现有结点重要度模型进行了改进,并重点介绍了两种新的聚类分析方法思想。
(3)针对目前城市群交通发展的状况,研究了适合城市群交通需求的组合预测方法,对组合预测的流程进行设计,排除组合预测模型中存在冗余方法的可能性。并以辽宁中部城市群为例进行了运用。
(4)研究了区域公路网布局的方法,比较公路网布局各种方法的优缺点和使用范围,提出了适合城市群公路网的布局方法。该方法重点强调重要度区位联合布局。本部分最后提出了基于城市群的公路网布局时应具体考虑的问题。
(5)应用组合优化理论和双层规划模型分别建立适合高速及一级公路的公路网布局组合优化模型和二级以及二级以下公路的公路网布局双层规划模型,并分别应用线性加权法和乘除法将城市群公路网组合优化模型及双层规划模型转化为单目标优化模型,开发求解城市群公路网布局优化问题的随机发生值算法主程序,并采用VB语言求解。
(6)以辽宁中部城市群公路网规划问题为例,在对辽宁中部城市群公路网规划的基本概况和其路网交通现状情况进行分析基础上,利用本文建立的模型进行仿真分析。以此来验证组合优化模型和双层规划模型的实用性和合理性。
最后,总结了本文的主要研究结论,提出了进一步研究的方向。
As the development of the scale of highway construction,the planning of highway networks have been paid much attension by highway administration aggency, and the theorey and the methods of optimum distribution has become the hotpoints issue for the highway researchers. As a classical traffic planning theory, the four-stage method has been widely used, But it has shown the limitations to solve traffic planning theory on base of urban agglomerations. Now the study on highway network layout optimization based on urban agglomerations is a new problem facing us. So in this paper , it is mainly concerned with the study of highway network layout optimization of urban agglomerations based on traffic integration, and the deeper study on planning theory of highway networks. This research was presented insix main categories:
(1) Research had comprehensive description on study on optimization of highway networks layoutbased on urban agglomerations .In the first part of this paper, the basic concept about the urban agglomerations and traffic integration are discussed, the main type, action and development of urban agglomerations at home and abroad are introduced. On this base, the difference of urban agglomerations between abroad and home are given, and establishment of the system of traffic integration are also discussed.
(2) The node hierarchy division methods are summarized and analyzed in this paper. Through considering nodes' transportation level, this paper will nodes' traffic as an index ensuring of degree of importance of node, and improved the existing degree of importance model of node. And highlight introduced two new thinking methods of cluster analysis.
(3) For the current situation of urban agglomerations transport development, studied Combination traffic demand forecasting methods that suitable urban agglomerations. designed a combination forecasting process, rule out the possibility of combination forecasting model, the possibility of the existence of redundant methods. And the central urban agglomerations of Liaoning province as an example of the use of the method.
(4) The layout methods of region highway networks were discussed, and by comparing adavantages and disadvantage of different layout methods, the new method applying for urban agglomerations was put forward. This methods stressed on degree of importance for combined layout of regional location. In the last part, some factors were given for solving highway network layout optimization of urban agglomerations based on traffic integration.
(5) On the base of works abovt, the combination optimization model,which is suitable to solve the layout problem of freeway and first-grade highway, was established using the combination optimization theory, and the bi-level planning model was established,which is suitable to solve the second-grade highway. applying respectively linearity weighing and summing method and multiply-divide method, the highway network layout combined optimization model and bi-level planning model are converted into single objective optimization model. The paper developed random happening value algorithm host program to solve urban agglomerations highway network layout optimization problem by VB language.
(6) The planning problem of the middle part cites group in Liaoning province was anaylied using the the combination optimization model and the bi-level planning model, that has proved effectiveness and reasonability of the model.
Finally, the paper made a conclusion on research, and also presented further orientation of future research.
(1)针对基于城市群的公路网布局优化问题研究现状进行了全面的综述。主要从城市群的概念入手,对国内外现有城市群的类型、作用和发展进行了探讨,并提出中外城市群的差距,同时对城市群发展的理论进行了深入研究。
(2)总结分析了公路网结点的层次划分方法。考虑结点的交通运输水平,将结点的运输量作为确定结点重要度的一个指标,对现有结点重要度模型进行了改进,并重点介绍了两种新的聚类分析方法思想。
(3)针对目前城市群交通发展的状况,研究了适合城市群交通需求的组合预测方法,对组合预测的流程进行设计,排除组合预测模型中存在冗余方法的可能性。并以辽宁中部城市群为例进行了运用。
(4)研究了区域公路网布局的方法,比较公路网布局各种方法的优缺点和使用范围,提出了适合城市群公路网的布局方法。该方法重点强调重要度区位联合布局。本部分最后提出了基于城市群的公路网布局时应具体考虑的问题。
(5)应用组合优化理论和双层规划模型分别建立适合高速及一级公路的公路网布局组合优化模型和二级以及二级以下公路的公路网布局双层规划模型,并分别应用线性加权法和乘除法将城市群公路网组合优化模型及双层规划模型转化为单目标优化模型,开发求解城市群公路网布局优化问题的随机发生值算法主程序,并采用VB语言求解。
(6)以辽宁中部城市群公路网规划问题为例,在对辽宁中部城市群公路网规划的基本概况和其路网交通现状情况进行分析基础上,利用本文建立的模型进行仿真分析。以此来验证组合优化模型和双层规划模型的实用性和合理性。
最后,总结了本文的主要研究结论,提出了进一步研究的方向。
As the development of the scale of highway construction,the planning of highway networks have been paid much attension by highway administration aggency, and the theorey and the methods of optimum distribution has become the hotpoints issue for the highway researchers. As a classical traffic planning theory, the four-stage method has been widely used, But it has shown the limitations to solve traffic planning theory on base of urban agglomerations. Now the study on highway network layout optimization based on urban agglomerations is a new problem facing us. So in this paper , it is mainly concerned with the study of highway network layout optimization of urban agglomerations based on traffic integration, and the deeper study on planning theory of highway networks. This research was presented insix main categories:
(1) Research had comprehensive description on study on optimization of highway networks layoutbased on urban agglomerations .In the first part of this paper, the basic concept about the urban agglomerations and traffic integration are discussed, the main type, action and development of urban agglomerations at home and abroad are introduced. On this base, the difference of urban agglomerations between abroad and home are given, and establishment of the system of traffic integration are also discussed.
(2) The node hierarchy division methods are summarized and analyzed in this paper. Through considering nodes' transportation level, this paper will nodes' traffic as an index ensuring of degree of importance of node, and improved the existing degree of importance model of node. And highlight introduced two new thinking methods of cluster analysis.
(3) For the current situation of urban agglomerations transport development, studied Combination traffic demand forecasting methods that suitable urban agglomerations. designed a combination forecasting process, rule out the possibility of combination forecasting model, the possibility of the existence of redundant methods. And the central urban agglomerations of Liaoning province as an example of the use of the method.
(4) The layout methods of region highway networks were discussed, and by comparing adavantages and disadvantage of different layout methods, the new method applying for urban agglomerations was put forward. This methods stressed on degree of importance for combined layout of regional location. In the last part, some factors were given for solving highway network layout optimization of urban agglomerations based on traffic integration.
(5) On the base of works abovt, the combination optimization model,which is suitable to solve the layout problem of freeway and first-grade highway, was established using the combination optimization theory, and the bi-level planning model was established,which is suitable to solve the second-grade highway. applying respectively linearity weighing and summing method and multiply-divide method, the highway network layout combined optimization model and bi-level planning model are converted into single objective optimization model. The paper developed random happening value algorithm host program to solve urban agglomerations highway network layout optimization problem by VB language.
(6) The planning problem of the middle part cites group in Liaoning province was anaylied using the the combination optimization model and the bi-level planning model, that has proved effectiveness and reasonability of the model.
Finally, the paper made a conclusion on research, and also presented further orientation of future research.
引文
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