创意企业与创意产业的共同演化研究
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摘要
在知识经济和消费社会的背景下,创意产业开始在世界各地勃兴并蓬勃发展,并且我们可以预见,创意产业会在广度和深度上进一步发展,而且创意产业也将在经济发展中发挥越来越重要的作用。在创意产业规模不断扩大的背后,是创意企业的迅速发展。创意企业是创意产业的基本组织形式,是创意产业保持持续、稳定和健康发展的前提。创意企业和创意产业的发展是交织在一起的。但是目前,相关方面的研究大都集中在产业层面,而在微观领域专注于创意企业的研究则相对很少。从整体上看,对创意企业和创意产业研究的广度、深度仍然滞后于实践,有待于理论研究的突破和更深层次的挖掘。正是在这样的现实背景和理论背景下,本文决定将创意企业和创意产业作为研究对象,并将研究的重点锁定于创意企业和创意产业的共同演化。
本文从共同演化的视角来研究和分析创意企业和创意产业的发展问题。论文首先利用文献研究法归纳和梳理了有关企业演化、产业演化和共同演化的相关理论与研究,奠定了研究的理论基础。然后,对创意产业的概念、分类、特征及其生产组织形式和创意企业的概念及特点进行了定性分析,奠定了研究的现实基础。随后,本文将理论与实践相结合,通过归纳法和演绎法,构建了一个创意企业和创意产业共同演化的理论分析框架,该框架包括三个研究重点：其一是微观层级的创意企业演化,从创意企业演化的解释逻辑出发,分析了创意企业演化的学习机制、选择机制；其二是中观层级的创意企业互动,主要分析了创意企业之间的互动模式、关系机构、互动关系及其稳定性；其三是宏观层级的创意企业和创意产业共同演化,主要是基于产业生命周期分析创意企业和创意产业的共同演化过程。最后,本文在前述研究的基础上构建了一个创意企业和创意产业共同演化的知识动态模型,并利用仿真模拟方法对本文的理论分析框架及相关结论进行了检验。
本文研究发现：(1)创意产业宏观演化和创意企业微观演化之间是相互影响的,它们的演化轨迹是交织在一起的。在演化过程中,创意产业构成了创意企业演化的学习环境和选择环境,创意产业演化对创意企业演化产生影响；同时,创意企业的演化所导致的知识动态会通过创意企业之间的互动扩散到创意产业层面,对创意产业演化产生影响。(2)微观层级的创意企业演化是一个新奇不断产生、适应和扩散的过程,创意企业的学习过程和选择过程是相互作用、相互交织的。创意企业是知识密集型企业,作为一种专业化分工和合作的协调机制,是知识的创新者和使用者,也是携带知识(复制者)与外界环境进行互动的互动者。在与环境的互动中,创意企业的学习机制有三类：强化学习、惯例学习和信念学习；选择机制有四类：幼稚选择、管理选择、层级更新和全面更新。(3)创意企业之间的互动是创意企业和创意产业知识创新和知识扩散的重要途径,是创意企业微观演化和创意产业宏观演化的中观传导。创意企业之间的互动模式有三种：规则型互动、中间型互动和随机型互动；互动的关系结构有三种：权力科层结构、交易耦合结构和协同网络结构；互动中的创意企业处于一种竞争或者共生的关系联结中,互动关系的稳定性取决于相互作用系数和创意因子的大小。(4)创意企业和创意产业的共同演化以及演化中的知识增长均呈现出一种非线性的动态过程：在萌芽期,共同演化主要受到外生选择环境的影响,共同演化及知识增长的速度较小；在成长期,共同演化主要受到内生的产业学习环境(知识环境)的影响,共同演化及知识增长的速度较大；在成熟期,共同演化主要受到内生的产业选择环境(竞争环境)的影响,共同演化及知识增长的速度较小。
目前,创意产业在我国的发展尚处在有认识、有基础、有条件、有亮点的初级阶段。此时,本文对创意企业和创意产业共同演化问题的研究,有助于我们更加深刻地理解创意企业和创意产业的发展。首先,本文对创意企业微观演化的研究能够引起创意企业的对自身发展的理性思考,为创意企业在与环境的互动中制定正确的战略规划提供指引。其次,本文对创意企业和创意产业共同演化的研究有助于实际决策部门更加深刻和准确地认识创意产业的演进规律,对创意产业发展政策的制定具有一定的参考价值。本文基于共同演化的视角研究创意企业和创意产业的发展能够更加系统和全面地阐释创意企业微观演化和创意产业宏观演化的规律以及两者之间的关联,具有一定的理论研究价值。
In the context of knowledge economy and the consumer society, creative industries begin to flourish and thrive around the world. It can be foreseen that the creative industries will be further developed both in breadth and depth, while the creative industries will play a more and more important role in economic development. The continuous expand of creative industries is based on the rapid development of creative enterprises. The creative enterprises, as the basic organizational forms of creative industries, premise the sustained, steady and healthy development of the creative industries. Creative enterprises and creative industries are developed intertwined. But till now, the relevant researches are most concentrated in the creative industries while rare researches are done in the field of micro-focus on the creative enterprise. Overall, the study of creative enterprises and creative industries from the breadth and depth still lags behind their practice which means the need of a breakthrough in theoretical research and a deeper digging. In this background of the reality and theory, this paper is dedicated to creative enterprises and creative industries, and focuses on their co-evolution.
This paper researches and analyzes the development of creative enterprises and creative industries from the aspect of their co-evolution. Firstly, this paper summarizes and combs the relative theories and researches about enterprises evolution, industries evolution and co-evolution by the literature research methods and it lays the theoretical foundation for the whole research. Then, this paper makes a qualitative analysis of creative industries'concept, classification, characteristics and their productive organization forms and of creative industries'concept and characteristics and this lays a foundation in reality foundation. After that, this paper combines theory and practice, through induction and deduction, to build a theoretical analysis framework of creative enterprises and creative industries co-evolution. The framework consists of three research priorities. The first one is the evolution of creative enterprises in the micro level. It starts from the explanation logic of creative enterprises evolution to analyze the creative enterprise learning mechanism and selection mechanism. The second one is the middle-leveled interaction among creative enterprises. It mainly analyzes the interaction modes, relationship organization and interaction relationship and its stability. The third one is the macro-leveled co-evolution of creative enterprises and creative industries. It is mainly based on the industry life cycle to analyze the co-evolution process of creative enterprises and creative industries. Finally, this paper based on aforementioned researches builds a dynamic model of creative enterprises and creative industries knowledge and uses simulation methods to test the theory analysis framework and relative conclusions.
This paper finds that:first, the macro evolution of creative industries and the micro evolution of creative enterprises and interacted and their evolutionary tracks are intertwined. In the process of evolution, the creative industries provide learning environment and selection environment for creative enterprises. The evolution of creative industries impacts the evolution of creative enterprises. At the same time, the knowledge dynamic caused by the evolution of creative enterprise will spread to creative industries and will impact creative industries evolution through the dynamic interaction among creative enterprises. The micro-leveled creative enterprises evolution continues to produce adapt and spread. The learning process and selection process of creative enterprises are intertwined. Creative enterprises are knowledge-intensive enterprises. As coordination mechanism of specialized division and cooperation, creative enterprises are innovators and users of knowledge and they bring knowledge to interact with outside world. During the interaction with the environment, creative enterprises consist of three types of learning mechanisms:reinforcement learning, routine learning belief learning. The four categories of selection mechanism are naive selection, management options, grade update and comprehensive update. The interaction among creative enterprises is the important way for the innovation and spread of creative industries and creative enterprises knowledge innovation and knowledge. The interaction among creative enterprises is also the middle conduction for micro-leveled creative enterprises evolution and macro-leveled creative industries evolution. The interaction among creative enterprises has three modes:hierarchical structure, coupling stochastic structure and collaborative network structure. Creative enterprises in interaction are in symbiotic relationship of competition or link, and the stability of the interaction depends on the interaction coefficient and the size of creative factors. Creative enterprises and creative industries co-evolution and the growth of the knowledge in the co-evolution both showed a nonlinear dynamic process:in the bud stage, co-evolution is mainly impacted by exogenous selection environment and the speed of evolution and growth of knowledge is not obvious. In the growth stage, co-evolution is mainly impacted by endogenous learning environment (knowledge environment) and the speed of evolution and growth of knowledge is relatively large. In mature stage, co-evolution is mainly impacted by endogenous learning environment (competition environment) and the speed of evolution and growth of knowledge is not obvious.
Currently, the development of creative industries in China is still in the primary stage with understanding, foundation, conditions and highlights. At this point, the paper dose a prospective study of the co-evolution of enterprises and creative industries and it will help us understand the development of creative enterprises and creative industries more deeply. First, this paper studies the micro-leveled evolution of creative enterprises and it will cause rational thinking of the creative enterprises for their own development and will guide creative enterprises to make right strategic plans in their interaction with the environment. Secondly, it will help the decision-making departments understand the law of creative enterprises and creative industries co-evolution more deeply and accurately and will also help to make development policies for creative industries. Based on the co-evolution perspective this paper studies the evolution of creative industries and creative enterprises and it will interpret the rule of and relationship between the micro-leveled evolution of creative enterprises and macro-leveled evolution of creative industries and the relationship more systematically and comprehensively. It has theoretical research value to a certain degree.
本文从共同演化的视角来研究和分析创意企业和创意产业的发展问题。论文首先利用文献研究法归纳和梳理了有关企业演化、产业演化和共同演化的相关理论与研究,奠定了研究的理论基础。然后,对创意产业的概念、分类、特征及其生产组织形式和创意企业的概念及特点进行了定性分析,奠定了研究的现实基础。随后,本文将理论与实践相结合,通过归纳法和演绎法,构建了一个创意企业和创意产业共同演化的理论分析框架,该框架包括三个研究重点：其一是微观层级的创意企业演化,从创意企业演化的解释逻辑出发,分析了创意企业演化的学习机制、选择机制；其二是中观层级的创意企业互动,主要分析了创意企业之间的互动模式、关系机构、互动关系及其稳定性；其三是宏观层级的创意企业和创意产业共同演化,主要是基于产业生命周期分析创意企业和创意产业的共同演化过程。最后,本文在前述研究的基础上构建了一个创意企业和创意产业共同演化的知识动态模型,并利用仿真模拟方法对本文的理论分析框架及相关结论进行了检验。
本文研究发现：(1)创意产业宏观演化和创意企业微观演化之间是相互影响的,它们的演化轨迹是交织在一起的。在演化过程中,创意产业构成了创意企业演化的学习环境和选择环境,创意产业演化对创意企业演化产生影响；同时,创意企业的演化所导致的知识动态会通过创意企业之间的互动扩散到创意产业层面,对创意产业演化产生影响。(2)微观层级的创意企业演化是一个新奇不断产生、适应和扩散的过程,创意企业的学习过程和选择过程是相互作用、相互交织的。创意企业是知识密集型企业,作为一种专业化分工和合作的协调机制,是知识的创新者和使用者,也是携带知识(复制者)与外界环境进行互动的互动者。在与环境的互动中,创意企业的学习机制有三类：强化学习、惯例学习和信念学习；选择机制有四类：幼稚选择、管理选择、层级更新和全面更新。(3)创意企业之间的互动是创意企业和创意产业知识创新和知识扩散的重要途径,是创意企业微观演化和创意产业宏观演化的中观传导。创意企业之间的互动模式有三种：规则型互动、中间型互动和随机型互动；互动的关系结构有三种：权力科层结构、交易耦合结构和协同网络结构；互动中的创意企业处于一种竞争或者共生的关系联结中,互动关系的稳定性取决于相互作用系数和创意因子的大小。(4)创意企业和创意产业的共同演化以及演化中的知识增长均呈现出一种非线性的动态过程：在萌芽期,共同演化主要受到外生选择环境的影响,共同演化及知识增长的速度较小；在成长期,共同演化主要受到内生的产业学习环境(知识环境)的影响,共同演化及知识增长的速度较大；在成熟期,共同演化主要受到内生的产业选择环境(竞争环境)的影响,共同演化及知识增长的速度较小。
目前,创意产业在我国的发展尚处在有认识、有基础、有条件、有亮点的初级阶段。此时,本文对创意企业和创意产业共同演化问题的研究,有助于我们更加深刻地理解创意企业和创意产业的发展。首先,本文对创意企业微观演化的研究能够引起创意企业的对自身发展的理性思考,为创意企业在与环境的互动中制定正确的战略规划提供指引。其次,本文对创意企业和创意产业共同演化的研究有助于实际决策部门更加深刻和准确地认识创意产业的演进规律,对创意产业发展政策的制定具有一定的参考价值。本文基于共同演化的视角研究创意企业和创意产业的发展能够更加系统和全面地阐释创意企业微观演化和创意产业宏观演化的规律以及两者之间的关联,具有一定的理论研究价值。
In the context of knowledge economy and the consumer society, creative industries begin to flourish and thrive around the world. It can be foreseen that the creative industries will be further developed both in breadth and depth, while the creative industries will play a more and more important role in economic development. The continuous expand of creative industries is based on the rapid development of creative enterprises. The creative enterprises, as the basic organizational forms of creative industries, premise the sustained, steady and healthy development of the creative industries. Creative enterprises and creative industries are developed intertwined. But till now, the relevant researches are most concentrated in the creative industries while rare researches are done in the field of micro-focus on the creative enterprise. Overall, the study of creative enterprises and creative industries from the breadth and depth still lags behind their practice which means the need of a breakthrough in theoretical research and a deeper digging. In this background of the reality and theory, this paper is dedicated to creative enterprises and creative industries, and focuses on their co-evolution.
This paper researches and analyzes the development of creative enterprises and creative industries from the aspect of their co-evolution. Firstly, this paper summarizes and combs the relative theories and researches about enterprises evolution, industries evolution and co-evolution by the literature research methods and it lays the theoretical foundation for the whole research. Then, this paper makes a qualitative analysis of creative industries'concept, classification, characteristics and their productive organization forms and of creative industries'concept and characteristics and this lays a foundation in reality foundation. After that, this paper combines theory and practice, through induction and deduction, to build a theoretical analysis framework of creative enterprises and creative industries co-evolution. The framework consists of three research priorities. The first one is the evolution of creative enterprises in the micro level. It starts from the explanation logic of creative enterprises evolution to analyze the creative enterprise learning mechanism and selection mechanism. The second one is the middle-leveled interaction among creative enterprises. It mainly analyzes the interaction modes, relationship organization and interaction relationship and its stability. The third one is the macro-leveled co-evolution of creative enterprises and creative industries. It is mainly based on the industry life cycle to analyze the co-evolution process of creative enterprises and creative industries. Finally, this paper based on aforementioned researches builds a dynamic model of creative enterprises and creative industries knowledge and uses simulation methods to test the theory analysis framework and relative conclusions.
This paper finds that:first, the macro evolution of creative industries and the micro evolution of creative enterprises and interacted and their evolutionary tracks are intertwined. In the process of evolution, the creative industries provide learning environment and selection environment for creative enterprises. The evolution of creative industries impacts the evolution of creative enterprises. At the same time, the knowledge dynamic caused by the evolution of creative enterprise will spread to creative industries and will impact creative industries evolution through the dynamic interaction among creative enterprises. The micro-leveled creative enterprises evolution continues to produce adapt and spread. The learning process and selection process of creative enterprises are intertwined. Creative enterprises are knowledge-intensive enterprises. As coordination mechanism of specialized division and cooperation, creative enterprises are innovators and users of knowledge and they bring knowledge to interact with outside world. During the interaction with the environment, creative enterprises consist of three types of learning mechanisms:reinforcement learning, routine learning belief learning. The four categories of selection mechanism are naive selection, management options, grade update and comprehensive update. The interaction among creative enterprises is the important way for the innovation and spread of creative industries and creative enterprises knowledge innovation and knowledge. The interaction among creative enterprises is also the middle conduction for micro-leveled creative enterprises evolution and macro-leveled creative industries evolution. The interaction among creative enterprises has three modes:hierarchical structure, coupling stochastic structure and collaborative network structure. Creative enterprises in interaction are in symbiotic relationship of competition or link, and the stability of the interaction depends on the interaction coefficient and the size of creative factors. Creative enterprises and creative industries co-evolution and the growth of the knowledge in the co-evolution both showed a nonlinear dynamic process:in the bud stage, co-evolution is mainly impacted by exogenous selection environment and the speed of evolution and growth of knowledge is not obvious. In the growth stage, co-evolution is mainly impacted by endogenous learning environment (knowledge environment) and the speed of evolution and growth of knowledge is relatively large. In mature stage, co-evolution is mainly impacted by endogenous learning environment (competition environment) and the speed of evolution and growth of knowledge is not obvious.
Currently, the development of creative industries in China is still in the primary stage with understanding, foundation, conditions and highlights. At this point, the paper dose a prospective study of the co-evolution of enterprises and creative industries and it will help us understand the development of creative enterprises and creative industries more deeply. First, this paper studies the micro-leveled evolution of creative enterprises and it will cause rational thinking of the creative enterprises for their own development and will guide creative enterprises to make right strategic plans in their interaction with the environment. Secondly, it will help the decision-making departments understand the law of creative enterprises and creative industries co-evolution more deeply and accurately and will also help to make development policies for creative industries. Based on the co-evolution perspective this paper studies the evolution of creative industries and creative enterprises and it will interpret the rule of and relationship between the micro-leveled evolution of creative enterprises and macro-leveled evolution of creative industries and the relationship more systematically and comprehensively. It has theoretical research value to a certain degree.
引文
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