动态环境下团队过程、共享心智模型和组织绩效关系研究
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摘要
随着经济发展环境的不断变化和大数据时代(Big Data)的到来,企业的发展面临着愈来愈多的机遇与挑战,环境的复杂性与动态性已不再是某一人能够驾驭的,团队取代个体成为现代组织的基石。因此,如何提升团队效能是管理学者在理论与实践方面所要重点关注的问题。
本文通过对国内外相关文献研究的回顾与思考,重点关注已有研究有待进一步解决的问题,主要研究和探讨在动态环境下“团队过程—共享心智模型—组织绩效”之间的关系。
本研究主要采用文献检索及理论演绎推理、问卷抽样调查法和计量经济模型等方法展开分析和论述。利用因子分析、回归分析以及统计假设检验等计量统计分析方法,通过SPSS21.0、AMOS21.0、Matlab.R2012a等统计分析软件对理论框架和研究假设进行计量统计分析,以验证理论框架与研究假设是否成立。
本文主要得出了如下的结论：
(1)团队过程的沟通与凝聚力行为是提升团队共享心智模型的主要影响因素。沟通和凝聚力对共享心智模型的正向影响关系得到全部支持,冲突在共享心智模型的形成中具有双向作用,当冲突控制在一定的范围之内,即标准化值在[-1.2,1.2]区间,冲突对共享心智模型的形成起正向积极作用,而超过这一区间则起反向作用。
(2)共享心智模型是提升组织绩效的重要途径。研究结果几乎全面支持了假设H3,即共享心智模型对组织绩效有显著正向影响。解释了随着共享心智模型理论研究的不断深入,越来越多的企业重视和强调要建设共享心智模型的重要原因。
(3)研究还证实了共享心智模型在团队过程与组织绩效关系之间的中介作用。这给企业的启示是,企业可以通过加强团队过程建设,通过沟通与凝聚力行为,充分利用冲突的双向作用提升团队共享心智模型进而提升组织绩效。
(4)动态环境对“团队过程—共享心智模型”、“共享心智模型—组织绩效”间的关系具有明显的调节效应。
本文的创新性工作主要体现在如下方面：
(1)丰富和发展了团队过程、共享心智模型相关理论研究。在借鉴团队过程理论新发展的基础上,将团队过程特征划分为沟通、冲突和凝聚力三个维度,深入考察不同维度如何通过共享心智模型这一中介变量对组织绩效产生影响,从而丰富和发展了团队过程、共享心智模型相关理论研究,这是本文研究的新视角。
(2)本研究分别考察和证明了动态环境对“团队过程—共享心智模型”、“共享心智模型—组织绩效”具有明显的调节效应,该结论丰富和补充了动态环境的相关理论研究。从动态环境的影响揭示团队过程,共享心智模型和组织绩效的相互作用机理是本文的新思路。
(3)发展了部分相关研究量表。在总结和归纳前人研究的基础上,发展了团队过程三维度、共享心智模型二维度中的部分研究量表,这也是本文的创新点之一。
作为一项探索性的研究,本论文必然会存在一定局限性,也对未来研究提出了展望,更期待本文的阐述能为后续学者研究团队过程、共享心智模型理论提供一定的借鉴。凡是过去,皆为序曲,希望本研究能有此用。
With the changing of economic environment and the arrival of the era of big data, the development of enterprises are facing with an increasing number of opportunities and challenges, one person is no longer able to control the environment complexity and dynamic nature, how to improve team effectiveness is an important problem for the management scholars to focus on in theory and practice.
Based on the relevant literature review and research, focusing on the problems to be solved on the existing research, the main research of this dissertation is to explore the relationship among "team process-shared mental models-organizational performance" in a dynamic environment.
This dissertation adopts methods of literature searching, theoretical deduction, the questionnaire survey method and econometric models to analyze and discuss. In the theoretical analysis, we use factor analysis, regression analysis and statistical hypothesis testing and other measuring statistical analysis methods to test the validity of theoretical framework and research hypotheses. All statistical analysis is carried out by the statistical analysis software such as SPSS21.0, AMOS21.0.and Matlab.R2012a.
This dissertation draws the following conclusions:
(1) Communication and cohesion behavior of team process is the key factors of enhancing the team shared mental models. Positive influence of communication on shared mental models, the cohesion in the formation of shared mental models plays a positive role. Positive influence of conflict on shared mental model has not been supported. It is negatively correlated, which indicates that the shared mental models is a steady state once it is formed.
(2) Shared mental models is an important way to improve organizational performance. Research results are almost fully supports the hypothesis H3, which means shared mental models has a significant positive effect on organizational performance. More and more enterprises pay attention to build shared mental models with the deepening theoretical research of shared mental models.
(3) This study also confirms the intermediary role between the team process of shared mental models and organizational performance. Which gives companies a lesson that companies can enhance organizational performance by strengthening the team building process, making full use of two-way action to enhance team conflict behavior shared mental model through communication and cohesion.
(4) There is an obvious moderate effect for the dynamic environment between "team process-shared mental models"," shared mental models-organizational performance".
This dissertation contributes to theories of team creativity in the following perspectives:
(1) This study enriches and develops the theory of team process and shared mental models. It divides characteristics of the team process into communication, conflict and cohesion three dimensions based on drawing new developments in the team process theory, in-depth studying how the different dimensions of the mediating effect of shared mental models have an impact on organizational performance, thus enriching and developing the theoretical research of team process and shared mental models, which is a new perspective.
(2) This research investigates and demonstrates that there is a obvious moderate effect for the dynamic environment between "team process-shared mental models","shared mental models-organizational performance", which enriches and develops the theory research of dynamic environment. The new method is revealing the shared mental models and organizational performance interaction mechanism from the impacts of dynamic environment.
(3) This dissertation develops some of the research scale. It has developed some research scale of three-dimensional degree of team process and two-dimensional degree of shared mental models based on the review and summarize the previous studies, which is one innovation of the academic research.
As an exploratory study, there are some limitations of this dissertation, which is concluded at the end of the academic conclusion with the prospect for future research, I am honored the research can provide a reference for the following who study the process of academic research teams, shared mental model theory. All the past, all is overture.
本文通过对国内外相关文献研究的回顾与思考,重点关注已有研究有待进一步解决的问题,主要研究和探讨在动态环境下“团队过程—共享心智模型—组织绩效”之间的关系。
本研究主要采用文献检索及理论演绎推理、问卷抽样调查法和计量经济模型等方法展开分析和论述。利用因子分析、回归分析以及统计假设检验等计量统计分析方法,通过SPSS21.0、AMOS21.0、Matlab.R2012a等统计分析软件对理论框架和研究假设进行计量统计分析,以验证理论框架与研究假设是否成立。
本文主要得出了如下的结论：
(1)团队过程的沟通与凝聚力行为是提升团队共享心智模型的主要影响因素。沟通和凝聚力对共享心智模型的正向影响关系得到全部支持,冲突在共享心智模型的形成中具有双向作用,当冲突控制在一定的范围之内,即标准化值在[-1.2,1.2]区间,冲突对共享心智模型的形成起正向积极作用,而超过这一区间则起反向作用。
(2)共享心智模型是提升组织绩效的重要途径。研究结果几乎全面支持了假设H3,即共享心智模型对组织绩效有显著正向影响。解释了随着共享心智模型理论研究的不断深入,越来越多的企业重视和强调要建设共享心智模型的重要原因。
(3)研究还证实了共享心智模型在团队过程与组织绩效关系之间的中介作用。这给企业的启示是,企业可以通过加强团队过程建设,通过沟通与凝聚力行为,充分利用冲突的双向作用提升团队共享心智模型进而提升组织绩效。
(4)动态环境对“团队过程—共享心智模型”、“共享心智模型—组织绩效”间的关系具有明显的调节效应。
本文的创新性工作主要体现在如下方面：
(1)丰富和发展了团队过程、共享心智模型相关理论研究。在借鉴团队过程理论新发展的基础上,将团队过程特征划分为沟通、冲突和凝聚力三个维度,深入考察不同维度如何通过共享心智模型这一中介变量对组织绩效产生影响,从而丰富和发展了团队过程、共享心智模型相关理论研究,这是本文研究的新视角。
(2)本研究分别考察和证明了动态环境对“团队过程—共享心智模型”、“共享心智模型—组织绩效”具有明显的调节效应,该结论丰富和补充了动态环境的相关理论研究。从动态环境的影响揭示团队过程,共享心智模型和组织绩效的相互作用机理是本文的新思路。
(3)发展了部分相关研究量表。在总结和归纳前人研究的基础上,发展了团队过程三维度、共享心智模型二维度中的部分研究量表,这也是本文的创新点之一。
作为一项探索性的研究,本论文必然会存在一定局限性,也对未来研究提出了展望,更期待本文的阐述能为后续学者研究团队过程、共享心智模型理论提供一定的借鉴。凡是过去,皆为序曲,希望本研究能有此用。
With the changing of economic environment and the arrival of the era of big data, the development of enterprises are facing with an increasing number of opportunities and challenges, one person is no longer able to control the environment complexity and dynamic nature, how to improve team effectiveness is an important problem for the management scholars to focus on in theory and practice.
Based on the relevant literature review and research, focusing on the problems to be solved on the existing research, the main research of this dissertation is to explore the relationship among "team process-shared mental models-organizational performance" in a dynamic environment.
This dissertation adopts methods of literature searching, theoretical deduction, the questionnaire survey method and econometric models to analyze and discuss. In the theoretical analysis, we use factor analysis, regression analysis and statistical hypothesis testing and other measuring statistical analysis methods to test the validity of theoretical framework and research hypotheses. All statistical analysis is carried out by the statistical analysis software such as SPSS21.0, AMOS21.0.and Matlab.R2012a.
This dissertation draws the following conclusions:
(1) Communication and cohesion behavior of team process is the key factors of enhancing the team shared mental models. Positive influence of communication on shared mental models, the cohesion in the formation of shared mental models plays a positive role. Positive influence of conflict on shared mental model has not been supported. It is negatively correlated, which indicates that the shared mental models is a steady state once it is formed.
(2) Shared mental models is an important way to improve organizational performance. Research results are almost fully supports the hypothesis H3, which means shared mental models has a significant positive effect on organizational performance. More and more enterprises pay attention to build shared mental models with the deepening theoretical research of shared mental models.
(3) This study also confirms the intermediary role between the team process of shared mental models and organizational performance. Which gives companies a lesson that companies can enhance organizational performance by strengthening the team building process, making full use of two-way action to enhance team conflict behavior shared mental model through communication and cohesion.
(4) There is an obvious moderate effect for the dynamic environment between "team process-shared mental models"," shared mental models-organizational performance".
This dissertation contributes to theories of team creativity in the following perspectives:
(1) This study enriches and develops the theory of team process and shared mental models. It divides characteristics of the team process into communication, conflict and cohesion three dimensions based on drawing new developments in the team process theory, in-depth studying how the different dimensions of the mediating effect of shared mental models have an impact on organizational performance, thus enriching and developing the theoretical research of team process and shared mental models, which is a new perspective.
(2) This research investigates and demonstrates that there is a obvious moderate effect for the dynamic environment between "team process-shared mental models","shared mental models-organizational performance", which enriches and develops the theory research of dynamic environment. The new method is revealing the shared mental models and organizational performance interaction mechanism from the impacts of dynamic environment.
(3) This dissertation develops some of the research scale. It has developed some research scale of three-dimensional degree of team process and two-dimensional degree of shared mental models based on the review and summarize the previous studies, which is one innovation of the academic research.
As an exploratory study, there are some limitations of this dissertation, which is concluded at the end of the academic conclusion with the prospect for future research, I am honored the research can provide a reference for the following who study the process of academic research teams, shared mental model theory. All the past, all is overture.
引文
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