基于活力提升的重庆滨水区公共空间规划研究
摘要
城市是人类栖居的主要场所,滨水区域往往作为城市发源地,千百年来哺育着生活在其中的人们,其实体的形态和虚体的品质也深刻地影响着我们的生活。
重庆,因水而生,因水而兴。长江与嘉陵江的交汇产生了这座美丽而富有特色的山水之城。主城区范围内,“一岛、两江、三谷、四脉”的自然山水环境构成了其独特的山水格局特征。历史上的重庆滨水区作为城市生活的重要场所,承载着码头航运等主要功能,也影响着城市的经济命脉,是充满活力的城市空间。
改革开放以来,随着社会经济的快速发展,重庆城市化进程不断加快,主城区嘉陵江和长江两岸已成为城市建设的重要区域,城市的滨水区已由传统的公共区域逐渐被住区的开发、滨江路的建设所蚕食。现有的城市滨水区环境及公共场所遭受破坏,城市富有活力的滨水区正逐渐消失;一些不协调的沿江破坏性建设也时有发生,如与自然环境不相协调的沿江建(构)筑物、频繁的挖沙、采石等开采活动、工矿企业排放污染等行为,在对重庆“山、水、城”整体景观形象和自然生态环境构成严重威胁的同时,也导致最具特色的活力地带变得死寂。
本文基于此背景下,通过对重庆滨水区公共空间的现状情况进行详细调研,借鉴国内外相关理论与实践,从城市活力提升的角度对其规划方法进行探究。
论文主要包括四部分内容:
第一部分(包括第1章),绪论。该部分作为文章的基础研究,对选题的背景、意义及目的做了基本阐述,并针对题目中出现的关键词进行了具体释义,通过大量的文献阅读,总结出与论文研究相关研究现状与不足,在此基础上确定论文写作的切入点,以及论文研究的对象、方法和框架,为下文作铺垫。
第二部分(包括第2章),现状探析。全面分析了滨水区公共空间的内涵、作用、特征及类型;总结山地城市滨水区公共空间设的特殊性,主要为:地形复杂、用地紧张、发展局限和可达性差;在总结重庆滨水区公共空间发展沿革的基础上,对目前重庆滨水区公共空间的组成现状基于城市活力相关的要素进行分析,总结目前滨水区公共空间活力缺失的深层原因,即:滨水区公共空间数量少、规模小、分布不均,其与城市空间体系疏离,可达性较差,体系内缺乏层次性和联系性,功能、形态单一,自身空间环境品质较差等六方面原因。
第三部分(包括第3、4章),活力提升的规划理念与策略。为本文核心部分。第3章对“活力”概念进行详细阐述,并将公共空间的活力分为经济活力、社会活力和文化活力,进而提出提升滨水区公共空间活力的规划目标及原则;第4章运用城市设计相关理论,提出提升活力的具体策略:构建与城市相融的公共空间体系、促进滨水区公共空间可达性、营造滨水步行区串联公共空间、组织多样性滨水公共空间、激发滨水公共空间边界效应、保障滨水区公共空间建设实施等六方面策略,由外部关联到体系建设,再到个体空间设计。
第四部分(包括第5、6章),案例分析与总结。第6章在论文理论研究与实践探索的基础上,借以作者参与的《重庆两江四岸沙坪坝区滨江地带双碑—井口段城市设计》进行实例分析,对其滨水区公共空间的活力提升策略加以分析、说明,作为对论文研究的补充;第7章总结文章的研究成果及局限于不足,以为后续的相关研究提供参考。
City is the main place of human living, as the birthplace of the city, urban waterfront us·ually rearing people for thousands of years. Its physical form and virtual body quality is also profoundly affect our lives.
Chongqing was founded and developing because of water. The intersection of the Yangtze River and Jialing River made the beautiful and distinctive landscape of the city. The natural environment of the main city is descripting as "one island, two rivers, three valleys, and four pulse" unique features of the landscape pattern. In history of Chongqing urban waterfront, it's an important place which carrying the major function of the shipping terminals, and masters of the city's economic lifeline, is a vibrant urban space.
Since Chinese economic reform, with the rapid social and economic development, accelerating the urbanization of Chongqing city, the main city of the Jialing and the Yangtze River shore side has become an important area of urban construction, the city's waterfront is gradually swallowing by the development of settlements and Binjiang Road's building. Urban waterfront environment and public space has been destructed, vibrant waterfront is disappearing; some of devastating uncoordinated development also occurs along the river, such as inconsistent with the natural environment of buildings, frequent dredging, quarrying and other mining activities, industrial and mining pollution etc. Seriously threaten the Chongqing "mountains, water, urban" overall landscape image and the natural environment, but also lead to the most dynamic places become dead zones.
Based on this background, through detailed investigate the waterfront public space in Chongqing, draw on relevant theory and practice at home and abroad, discourse the urban planning of enhancing city vitality.
Paper includes four parts:
The first part (including Chapter 1), introduction. The part of the study as the basis for articles on topics of the background, meaning and purpose of a basic set, and explained the key words appears in the title. By reading a large number of documents, summarize the current situation related with the thesis and weakness. Determine the entry point for writing papers, and thesis research objects, methods and frameworks to pave the way for the following.
The second part (including Chapter 2), situation. Comprehensive analysis the content, role, characteristics and types of waterfront public space; Summary mountain city waterfront public space's characteristic, mainly: terrain, land shortages, development constraints and poor accessibility; On the base of Chongqing urban waterfront development , analysis the present situation of construction and element of city vitality, find the reason of urban waterfront public space vitality loss, namely: waterfront spaces' few, small, uneven distribution, far apart from urban space system, poor accessibility, lack of connectivity, function, single form, poor quality etc, in all of six reasons.
The third part (including Chapter 3, 4), the planning ideas of enhancing city vitality, strategies and development model is the core part of this paper. Chapter III will details the "dynamic" conception, and divides the vitality of public space into economic vitality, social vitality and cultural vitality, then advances the goal and principle of enhancing the vitality of waterfront public space. Chapter IV provides material tactics to enhance the vitality of urban waterfront: building blending with the city's public space system, create a waterfront public space accessibility, make walking space belong waterfront, organize multifarious public space, wake up boundary effect of public space.
The fourth part (including Chapter 5, 6), case analysis and summary. In Chapter 5, based on theory and practice of“Two rivers and four banks in Chongqing Shapingba District Riverside Shuangbei - Wellhead Urban Design”which I participated in, explain the development model and strategy of enhancing public space vitality as a supplementary thesis. Chapter 6 summarizes achievement and shortcoming of this paper, in order to provide some articulation in the following studies.
重庆,因水而生,因水而兴。长江与嘉陵江的交汇产生了这座美丽而富有特色的山水之城。主城区范围内,“一岛、两江、三谷、四脉”的自然山水环境构成了其独特的山水格局特征。历史上的重庆滨水区作为城市生活的重要场所,承载着码头航运等主要功能,也影响着城市的经济命脉,是充满活力的城市空间。
改革开放以来,随着社会经济的快速发展,重庆城市化进程不断加快,主城区嘉陵江和长江两岸已成为城市建设的重要区域,城市的滨水区已由传统的公共区域逐渐被住区的开发、滨江路的建设所蚕食。现有的城市滨水区环境及公共场所遭受破坏,城市富有活力的滨水区正逐渐消失;一些不协调的沿江破坏性建设也时有发生,如与自然环境不相协调的沿江建(构)筑物、频繁的挖沙、采石等开采活动、工矿企业排放污染等行为,在对重庆“山、水、城”整体景观形象和自然生态环境构成严重威胁的同时,也导致最具特色的活力地带变得死寂。
本文基于此背景下,通过对重庆滨水区公共空间的现状情况进行详细调研,借鉴国内外相关理论与实践,从城市活力提升的角度对其规划方法进行探究。
论文主要包括四部分内容:
第一部分(包括第1章),绪论。该部分作为文章的基础研究,对选题的背景、意义及目的做了基本阐述,并针对题目中出现的关键词进行了具体释义,通过大量的文献阅读,总结出与论文研究相关研究现状与不足,在此基础上确定论文写作的切入点,以及论文研究的对象、方法和框架,为下文作铺垫。
第二部分(包括第2章),现状探析。全面分析了滨水区公共空间的内涵、作用、特征及类型;总结山地城市滨水区公共空间设的特殊性,主要为:地形复杂、用地紧张、发展局限和可达性差;在总结重庆滨水区公共空间发展沿革的基础上,对目前重庆滨水区公共空间的组成现状基于城市活力相关的要素进行分析,总结目前滨水区公共空间活力缺失的深层原因,即:滨水区公共空间数量少、规模小、分布不均,其与城市空间体系疏离,可达性较差,体系内缺乏层次性和联系性,功能、形态单一,自身空间环境品质较差等六方面原因。
第三部分(包括第3、4章),活力提升的规划理念与策略。为本文核心部分。第3章对“活力”概念进行详细阐述,并将公共空间的活力分为经济活力、社会活力和文化活力,进而提出提升滨水区公共空间活力的规划目标及原则;第4章运用城市设计相关理论,提出提升活力的具体策略:构建与城市相融的公共空间体系、促进滨水区公共空间可达性、营造滨水步行区串联公共空间、组织多样性滨水公共空间、激发滨水公共空间边界效应、保障滨水区公共空间建设实施等六方面策略,由外部关联到体系建设,再到个体空间设计。
第四部分(包括第5、6章),案例分析与总结。第6章在论文理论研究与实践探索的基础上,借以作者参与的《重庆两江四岸沙坪坝区滨江地带双碑—井口段城市设计》进行实例分析,对其滨水区公共空间的活力提升策略加以分析、说明,作为对论文研究的补充;第7章总结文章的研究成果及局限于不足,以为后续的相关研究提供参考。
City is the main place of human living, as the birthplace of the city, urban waterfront us·ually rearing people for thousands of years. Its physical form and virtual body quality is also profoundly affect our lives.
Chongqing was founded and developing because of water. The intersection of the Yangtze River and Jialing River made the beautiful and distinctive landscape of the city. The natural environment of the main city is descripting as "one island, two rivers, three valleys, and four pulse" unique features of the landscape pattern. In history of Chongqing urban waterfront, it's an important place which carrying the major function of the shipping terminals, and masters of the city's economic lifeline, is a vibrant urban space.
Since Chinese economic reform, with the rapid social and economic development, accelerating the urbanization of Chongqing city, the main city of the Jialing and the Yangtze River shore side has become an important area of urban construction, the city's waterfront is gradually swallowing by the development of settlements and Binjiang Road's building. Urban waterfront environment and public space has been destructed, vibrant waterfront is disappearing; some of devastating uncoordinated development also occurs along the river, such as inconsistent with the natural environment of buildings, frequent dredging, quarrying and other mining activities, industrial and mining pollution etc. Seriously threaten the Chongqing "mountains, water, urban" overall landscape image and the natural environment, but also lead to the most dynamic places become dead zones.
Based on this background, through detailed investigate the waterfront public space in Chongqing, draw on relevant theory and practice at home and abroad, discourse the urban planning of enhancing city vitality.
Paper includes four parts:
The first part (including Chapter 1), introduction. The part of the study as the basis for articles on topics of the background, meaning and purpose of a basic set, and explained the key words appears in the title. By reading a large number of documents, summarize the current situation related with the thesis and weakness. Determine the entry point for writing papers, and thesis research objects, methods and frameworks to pave the way for the following.
The second part (including Chapter 2), situation. Comprehensive analysis the content, role, characteristics and types of waterfront public space; Summary mountain city waterfront public space's characteristic, mainly: terrain, land shortages, development constraints and poor accessibility; On the base of Chongqing urban waterfront development , analysis the present situation of construction and element of city vitality, find the reason of urban waterfront public space vitality loss, namely: waterfront spaces' few, small, uneven distribution, far apart from urban space system, poor accessibility, lack of connectivity, function, single form, poor quality etc, in all of six reasons.
The third part (including Chapter 3, 4), the planning ideas of enhancing city vitality, strategies and development model is the core part of this paper. Chapter III will details the "dynamic" conception, and divides the vitality of public space into economic vitality, social vitality and cultural vitality, then advances the goal and principle of enhancing the vitality of waterfront public space. Chapter IV provides material tactics to enhance the vitality of urban waterfront: building blending with the city's public space system, create a waterfront public space accessibility, make walking space belong waterfront, organize multifarious public space, wake up boundary effect of public space.
The fourth part (including Chapter 5, 6), case analysis and summary. In Chapter 5, based on theory and practice of“Two rivers and four banks in Chongqing Shapingba District Riverside Shuangbei - Wellhead Urban Design”which I participated in, explain the development model and strategy of enhancing public space vitality as a supplementary thesis. Chapter 6 summarizes achievement and shortcoming of this paper, in order to provide some articulation in the following studies.
引文
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