基于局部模式耦合理论的耦合型光纤振动传感器设计与应用研究
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摘要
振动是现代工程技术领域常见的一种物理现象,大部分的振动都会对振动对象带来损害。如何有效的利用和控制振动现象,最大限度的消除振动带来的破坏性损伤,成为工程技术人员的一个重要研究课题。从20世纪初直到今天,振动检测技术得到了巨大的发展,振动检测技术的发展经历了机械式,电气式,和光学式测量三个阶段。机械式测振仪由于精度低,易磨损,信号不能传输等缺点,已经被淘汰;电气式振动传感器因其技术成熟,灵敏度较高得到了广泛地应用,但电气式传感器需要进行绝缘处理,易受电磁干扰难以达到安全生产的目的;针对电气式传感器的这些弊端,人们纷纷将目光投向光学传感测量技术。其中,光纤传感技术因具有传感精度高、测量范围广、传输容量大、本质安全、抗电磁干扰等优点代表着新一代光传感器的发展方向。基于强度、频率、波长、偏振调制等多种形式的光纤传感器广泛应用于社会的多个领域。
熔锥型单模光纤耦合器是应用最广泛地光纤元器件之一,其功能是使传输中的光信号在特殊结构的熔锥区发生耦合,实现分(合)光,因而可以用作滤波器,分束器和偏振器等。其制造过程为:将两根去除涂覆层的单模光纤以一定的方式靠拢,在高温下加热熔融,同时向两侧拉伸,最终产生一段双向圆锥结构,入射光在这个双锥体结构的熔锥区发生光功率再分配,一部分光从“直通臂”继续传输,另一部分光从“耦合臂”传输到另一光路,实现光功率的分配。光纤耦合器的耦合输出对光纤耦合区长度和耦合区折射率的变化非常敏感,利用这一特点,可以制成耦合型光纤应变传感器和耦合型光纤振动传感器,通过对传感器耦合输出变化的测量,实现对外界振动信号的检测。
本文通过对熔锥形单模光纤耦合器耦合机理的研究,推导出了单模光纤耦合器耦合输出在振动作用下的变化规律,提出了以单模光纤耦合器作为传感元件实现振动信号检测的新思想。主要研究了以下几个方面的内容:
1.概述了振动测量技术的发展现状,讨论了耦合型光纤传感技术的应用背景及相比较于其它光纤传感器具有结构简单、成本低廉、灵敏度高、频率范围大等特点,对国内外的研究历程和研究动态进行了综述,阐述了光纤耦合器用于振动测量的理论意义和潜在的应用价值。
2.根据两平行光波导横向耦合机理,导出了平行光波导耦合输出的数理微分方程。将两相同单模光纤熔锥形成的截面缓变的耦合器分解成多个截面相等的局部,提出了采用局部模式耦合的思想研究光波在两耦合光纤中的传输规律,在局部采用两平行光波导耦合理论分析了光的耦合现象,获得了精确的耦合输出函数和变化曲线,建立了耦合器耦合输出与耦合长度和折射率变化的数学关系模型。分析了振动对耦合输出的影响,将振动对耦合输出的影响分为低频振动和高频振动两种情况,结合二阶单自由度受迫振动系统研究了低频振动情况下耦合输出的变化规律;通过分析材料的弹光效应导致折射率发生改变从而影响耦合输出变化研究了高频振动对耦合输出的影响。推导出了耦合输出与振动的关系方程,在此基础上提出了以单模光纤耦合器为传感元件实现振动信号测量的新思想。
3.利用导得的光纤耦合输出的理论计算公式,求出耦合输出比与耦合区应变对应关系的精确计算公式,采用螺旋测微仪对光纤耦合器的应变特性进行研究,避免了悬臂梁结构自重,梁的振动等不可控因素对测量结果的影响,有效提高了测量精度。另外,将光纤耦合器粘贴在悬臂梁结构上,获取了耦合器在冲击和振动下的响应效果,并和压电传感器进行了对比,试验结果和理论分析相一致。熔融拉锥式单模光纤耦合器不但具有应力敏感性,同时具有较好的温度稳定性和横向抗干扰性,可以用于应变和振动的测量。
4.设计了两种耦合区长度变化主导的耦合型光纤振动传感器。一种是将特殊工艺制作的耦合器粘贴在悬臂梁上,振动过程中悬臂梁长度的变化引起耦合区长度发生变化,建立了悬臂梁振动的数学模型,将振动引起的悬臂梁的应变量带入耦合器输出的计算公式,得出耦合输出与振动的精确计算公式并采用MATLAB进行仿真,设计适用于基础建筑设施健康检测要求的耦合型低频光纤振动传感器实现了对10Hz以下振动的精确测量。另外一种是将耦合器悬空固定在一个有V型槽的中空铝合金块上,根据材料力学的理论,振动过程中耦合区的应变主要集中在耦合区最细的部位,应变与耦合区截面半径的平方成反比,当耦合区截面半径小于20μm时,耦合区的应变随振动发生明显变化,较细的耦合区起到一个振动转换器的作用,给出了变化关系曲线并得到了耦合输出与振动的精确计算公式;采用这种方法制作的耦合型通用光纤振动传感器可以实现对300Hz以下振动的测量。
5.设计了一种耦合区折射率变化主导的耦合型光纤振动传感器。根据弹性力学和光纤光学的理论,耦合器在高频振动作用下,分子间因相互作用力发生改变而产生相对位移导致介质密度的变化,引起光纤耦合区折射率的变化并在光纤内部形成一个折射率周期波动的位相光栅,折射率的变化会引起介电常数和耦合系数的波动使耦合输出发生改变,导出了高频振动引起耦合输出变化的精确计算公式。针对复合材料与智能结构性能评估中需要进行高频响应检测的要求设计了耦合型高频光纤振动传感器,对8KHz以下振动信号进行了测量,取得了理想地测量结果;同时讨论了传感器对不同强度和不同方向信号的响应特性。
6.设计了一套完整的耦合型光纤振动检测系统。由于耦合输出功率很小(一般是nW量级),选择高灵敏度,低噪声的光电二极管,设计了对应的光电转换和二级放大滤波电路。采用了差动/比例放大解调电路,通过检测耦合器两输出端的输出功率之差实现对振动的测量,有效的避免振动检测系统光源的波动和电路的噪音对测量结果的影响。选择适当的数据采集卡以及应用软件(LabVIEW)实现振动参数的采集与分析,采用软、硬阈值相结合的小波去噪方法进行信号处理,通过模平方法使得小波系数中的噪声部分和信号部分的差值增加,促进信噪分离。利用本文导出的系列结论和试验验证的结果,将设计的耦合型光纤传感器应用于具体的检测系统。采用耦合型光纤振动传感器制作动态汽车称重仪,在车速低于20KM/h的范围内,测量汽车重量的误差小于5%,解决了目前动态秤重方案中电类传感器精度低,成本高,使用寿命短等问题,实现了低成本,高效率的动态秤重方案;将耦合型光纤振动传感器用于大型发电机定子绕组振动的在线监测,取得了理想地测量结果。
7.对耦合型光纤传感器的理论和试验工作进行了总结,并分析了理论、试验和工艺存在的问题,提出了新的研究方向。
Vibration is a very universal problem in the filed of modern engineering technology and most of vibration phenomenon would bring damage to the vibration object.How to control the vibration effectively and eliminate destory in maximum are becoming an important research topic of technicians.From the beginning of 20 centuries,vibration examination technique has gotten a huge development.It has experienced mechanical、electricial、and optical measurement technology stages.Currently,the mechanical method has already been washed out because of its low accuracy、easily be wear away and signals can't be delivered.The electricial vibration seneor is widely used because of its mature technique and high senstivity,but it need insulating process and easily be affected by electromagnetism interference conduced it hardly attain the safe production purpose,on account of these disadvantages of electricial vibration seneors,people turn to optical measurement technology these years.The fiber-optic sensing technology has many advantage such as:high senstivity, small size,light weight,essential safety,anti-electromagnetism interference and corrosion resistance etc,representing the development direction of new optical sensors.The fiber-optic sensor based on intensity,frequency,wavelength,and polarization modulation get a rapid development in recent years.
The biconical fiber-optic coupler is one of the most widely used fiber-optic components.The lightwaves transmitted in its specail fused structure coupling and separate(combinate) to each other,so it can be used as filter,splitter,and polarimeter etc.The manufacture process is putting the two single mode optical fibers whose claddings be wiped off closed to each other,heating and meltdown it with high temperature and draging it towards two sides in the meantime,then a biconical stucture comes into being at last.When the light transmits in the coupling zone of this biconical stucture,the power reassign will be occurred,one part of light power continues transmits in the "direct arm", another part transmitte in the "coupling arm".The coupling output ratio of the coupler is senstive to the length and refractive index variety of the coupling zone. Making use of this characteristic of the fiber-optic coupler,we can make coupling fiber-optic sensor to achieve the exmanation of strain/vibration signals via maesure the changes of coupling output ratio.Beside having the merites of common fiber-optic sensor,the coupling fiber-optic sensor also has the advantage such as easy manufacture、low cost、and modulation simple etc.
Based on the local coupling mode theory of gradual changing fiber-optic wave guide,The relation between coupling output and vibration was deduced,and a new type of coupling fiber-optic sensor was presented.The following several topics are Mainly studied:
1.Summarize the development of vibration measurement technology and fiber-optic sensing,eapecially the advantage of coupling fiber-optic sensor such as:simple structure、low cost、high senstivity etc.Giving an overview of research course and trends home and abroad.The theoretical significance and application value of the fiber-optic coupler used for vibration measurement is discribed at the same time.
2.According to the transverse coupling mechnism of two parallel light waveguide,the mathematical differential equation of its coupling output is deduced.The biconical fused fiber-optic coupler which was produced by two same singal-mode fibers be devided into some fragments in which their section is equal to each other.The local mode coupling theory is proposed to study the rule of the lightwave transmit in the two coupling optical fiber.The coupling rules in the fragments of the coupler was discussed with the mode coupling theory of two parallel optical fiber,and the accurate resolution function was obtained at last.The influence of the vibration to coupling output be divided as low frequency and high frequency case.The coupling output variation induced by low frequency vibration was studied with a second-order single-freedom forced vibration system.The influence of high frequency vibration was studied through analysing the refractive index changes conduce by the elastic-optic effect and then affect the coupling output.The relation formula of coupling output and vibration was built.And the new idea of using single-mode coupler as a senser to realize the measurement of vibration was put forward.
3.The accurate calculation formula between coupling output and the strain of coupling section was obtained.The characteristic of the fiber-optic coupler was studied with spiral micrometer to avoid the disturbance of cantilever self-weight and self-vibration,enhance the measurement precision effectively.The fiber-optic coupler was sticked to the cantilever and the coupler's response to shock and periodic vibration be obtained.Compared with piezoelectrical sensor shows that the experiment results were the same with theory analysis.The result indicates that the fused biconical taper coupler's output not only sensitive to the strain,but also changes monotone and linear.At the same time it is temperature stabilization and anti-disturber transversely.The singal-mode fiber-optic coupler can be used for strain/vibration measurement.
4.Two kinds of coupling-region length dependent vibration sensors were designed.In the first kind,the coupler was sticked to the cantilever beam.Its vibration will arouse the coupling region's length change and its mathematical model was established.Bring the cantilever beam's strain value into the coupling output calculating formula,the precision calculation formula between coupling output and vibration was obtained and simulated with MATLAB.This kind of coupling low-frequency fiber-optic vibration sensor realize exact measurement to viration frequency below 10Hz and suitable for structural health monitoring. Another kind of vibration meaurement method was realized through fixed the coupling fiber-optic sensor on a hollow aluminum mass with V groovy.According to the theories of the material mechanics analysis,the strain of coupler focus on the thinest section and it is inversely proportional to cross section's square diameter.The strain changes with vibration remarkably when its diameter less than 20μm,the coupling section acts as an vibration converter.The changing curver and the precision calculation formula between coupling output and vibration was obtained.This kind of coupling universal fiber-optic vibration sensor realizes exact measurement to vibration frequency below 300Hz.
5.A new kind of coupling region dependent vibration sensor was designed. According to the theory of elastic mechanics and fiber optics,the intermolecular relative displacement conduced by its interaction energy will bring with media density fluctuate when the high-vibration transmits in the coupler.Thus cause the refractive index changes periodically and form a phase grating in the coupler, arouse the changes of dielectric constant and coupling coefficient,the coupling output ratio will changes consequently.The precision calculation formula between coupling output and high frequency vibration was educed.In the light of this character a new kind of coupling vibration sensor used for Composite and intelligent structuresperformance evaluation was designed,the object vibration less than 8KHz was measured and ideal results was acquired.The character of the coupling fiber-optic sensor to different intensity and different direction signals is also dissussed simultaneously.
6.An integrated coupling fiber-optic vibration system was designed.Because of the coupling output power is very small(commonly is nW level),the photoelectricity conversion effciency is discussed and the PIN photoelectric diode is chose.The photoelectricity conversion and 2-grade amplified circuits were designed,the filter circuits was designed according to different request at the same time.The vibration parameter acquisition and analysis were implemented with properdata acquire card(DAQ-2005) and application software LabVIEW.The signals were processed with hard and soft threshold wavelet de-noising method to increase the signal-to-noise ratio.Making use of the conclusion educed from previous chapter and experimental results,the coupling fiber-optic sensor was used in the vechile dynamic weighting field,experiments indicate that its weighting error is less than 5%at 20KM/h.It can meet the requests of dynamic weighting. the coupling fiber-optic sensor was also used for large generator stator's vibration online monitor.A new kind of online monitor system of generator stator based on coupling fibre-optic vibration sensor was also designed simultaneously.
7.The conclusion for the theorical and experimental work of coupling fiber-optic sensor was made;the impending problems to be resolved and new research direction were presented.
熔锥型单模光纤耦合器是应用最广泛地光纤元器件之一,其功能是使传输中的光信号在特殊结构的熔锥区发生耦合,实现分(合)光,因而可以用作滤波器,分束器和偏振器等。其制造过程为:将两根去除涂覆层的单模光纤以一定的方式靠拢,在高温下加热熔融,同时向两侧拉伸,最终产生一段双向圆锥结构,入射光在这个双锥体结构的熔锥区发生光功率再分配,一部分光从“直通臂”继续传输,另一部分光从“耦合臂”传输到另一光路,实现光功率的分配。光纤耦合器的耦合输出对光纤耦合区长度和耦合区折射率的变化非常敏感,利用这一特点,可以制成耦合型光纤应变传感器和耦合型光纤振动传感器,通过对传感器耦合输出变化的测量,实现对外界振动信号的检测。
本文通过对熔锥形单模光纤耦合器耦合机理的研究,推导出了单模光纤耦合器耦合输出在振动作用下的变化规律,提出了以单模光纤耦合器作为传感元件实现振动信号检测的新思想。主要研究了以下几个方面的内容:
1.概述了振动测量技术的发展现状,讨论了耦合型光纤传感技术的应用背景及相比较于其它光纤传感器具有结构简单、成本低廉、灵敏度高、频率范围大等特点,对国内外的研究历程和研究动态进行了综述,阐述了光纤耦合器用于振动测量的理论意义和潜在的应用价值。
2.根据两平行光波导横向耦合机理,导出了平行光波导耦合输出的数理微分方程。将两相同单模光纤熔锥形成的截面缓变的耦合器分解成多个截面相等的局部,提出了采用局部模式耦合的思想研究光波在两耦合光纤中的传输规律,在局部采用两平行光波导耦合理论分析了光的耦合现象,获得了精确的耦合输出函数和变化曲线,建立了耦合器耦合输出与耦合长度和折射率变化的数学关系模型。分析了振动对耦合输出的影响,将振动对耦合输出的影响分为低频振动和高频振动两种情况,结合二阶单自由度受迫振动系统研究了低频振动情况下耦合输出的变化规律;通过分析材料的弹光效应导致折射率发生改变从而影响耦合输出变化研究了高频振动对耦合输出的影响。推导出了耦合输出与振动的关系方程,在此基础上提出了以单模光纤耦合器为传感元件实现振动信号测量的新思想。
3.利用导得的光纤耦合输出的理论计算公式,求出耦合输出比与耦合区应变对应关系的精确计算公式,采用螺旋测微仪对光纤耦合器的应变特性进行研究,避免了悬臂梁结构自重,梁的振动等不可控因素对测量结果的影响,有效提高了测量精度。另外,将光纤耦合器粘贴在悬臂梁结构上,获取了耦合器在冲击和振动下的响应效果,并和压电传感器进行了对比,试验结果和理论分析相一致。熔融拉锥式单模光纤耦合器不但具有应力敏感性,同时具有较好的温度稳定性和横向抗干扰性,可以用于应变和振动的测量。
4.设计了两种耦合区长度变化主导的耦合型光纤振动传感器。一种是将特殊工艺制作的耦合器粘贴在悬臂梁上,振动过程中悬臂梁长度的变化引起耦合区长度发生变化,建立了悬臂梁振动的数学模型,将振动引起的悬臂梁的应变量带入耦合器输出的计算公式,得出耦合输出与振动的精确计算公式并采用MATLAB进行仿真,设计适用于基础建筑设施健康检测要求的耦合型低频光纤振动传感器实现了对10Hz以下振动的精确测量。另外一种是将耦合器悬空固定在一个有V型槽的中空铝合金块上,根据材料力学的理论,振动过程中耦合区的应变主要集中在耦合区最细的部位,应变与耦合区截面半径的平方成反比,当耦合区截面半径小于20μm时,耦合区的应变随振动发生明显变化,较细的耦合区起到一个振动转换器的作用,给出了变化关系曲线并得到了耦合输出与振动的精确计算公式;采用这种方法制作的耦合型通用光纤振动传感器可以实现对300Hz以下振动的测量。
5.设计了一种耦合区折射率变化主导的耦合型光纤振动传感器。根据弹性力学和光纤光学的理论,耦合器在高频振动作用下,分子间因相互作用力发生改变而产生相对位移导致介质密度的变化,引起光纤耦合区折射率的变化并在光纤内部形成一个折射率周期波动的位相光栅,折射率的变化会引起介电常数和耦合系数的波动使耦合输出发生改变,导出了高频振动引起耦合输出变化的精确计算公式。针对复合材料与智能结构性能评估中需要进行高频响应检测的要求设计了耦合型高频光纤振动传感器,对8KHz以下振动信号进行了测量,取得了理想地测量结果;同时讨论了传感器对不同强度和不同方向信号的响应特性。
6.设计了一套完整的耦合型光纤振动检测系统。由于耦合输出功率很小(一般是nW量级),选择高灵敏度,低噪声的光电二极管,设计了对应的光电转换和二级放大滤波电路。采用了差动/比例放大解调电路,通过检测耦合器两输出端的输出功率之差实现对振动的测量,有效的避免振动检测系统光源的波动和电路的噪音对测量结果的影响。选择适当的数据采集卡以及应用软件(LabVIEW)实现振动参数的采集与分析,采用软、硬阈值相结合的小波去噪方法进行信号处理,通过模平方法使得小波系数中的噪声部分和信号部分的差值增加,促进信噪分离。利用本文导出的系列结论和试验验证的结果,将设计的耦合型光纤传感器应用于具体的检测系统。采用耦合型光纤振动传感器制作动态汽车称重仪,在车速低于20KM/h的范围内,测量汽车重量的误差小于5%,解决了目前动态秤重方案中电类传感器精度低,成本高,使用寿命短等问题,实现了低成本,高效率的动态秤重方案;将耦合型光纤振动传感器用于大型发电机定子绕组振动的在线监测,取得了理想地测量结果。
7.对耦合型光纤传感器的理论和试验工作进行了总结,并分析了理论、试验和工艺存在的问题,提出了新的研究方向。
Vibration is a very universal problem in the filed of modern engineering technology and most of vibration phenomenon would bring damage to the vibration object.How to control the vibration effectively and eliminate destory in maximum are becoming an important research topic of technicians.From the beginning of 20 centuries,vibration examination technique has gotten a huge development.It has experienced mechanical、electricial、and optical measurement technology stages.Currently,the mechanical method has already been washed out because of its low accuracy、easily be wear away and signals can't be delivered.The electricial vibration seneor is widely used because of its mature technique and high senstivity,but it need insulating process and easily be affected by electromagnetism interference conduced it hardly attain the safe production purpose,on account of these disadvantages of electricial vibration seneors,people turn to optical measurement technology these years.The fiber-optic sensing technology has many advantage such as:high senstivity, small size,light weight,essential safety,anti-electromagnetism interference and corrosion resistance etc,representing the development direction of new optical sensors.The fiber-optic sensor based on intensity,frequency,wavelength,and polarization modulation get a rapid development in recent years.
The biconical fiber-optic coupler is one of the most widely used fiber-optic components.The lightwaves transmitted in its specail fused structure coupling and separate(combinate) to each other,so it can be used as filter,splitter,and polarimeter etc.The manufacture process is putting the two single mode optical fibers whose claddings be wiped off closed to each other,heating and meltdown it with high temperature and draging it towards two sides in the meantime,then a biconical stucture comes into being at last.When the light transmits in the coupling zone of this biconical stucture,the power reassign will be occurred,one part of light power continues transmits in the "direct arm", another part transmitte in the "coupling arm".The coupling output ratio of the coupler is senstive to the length and refractive index variety of the coupling zone. Making use of this characteristic of the fiber-optic coupler,we can make coupling fiber-optic sensor to achieve the exmanation of strain/vibration signals via maesure the changes of coupling output ratio.Beside having the merites of common fiber-optic sensor,the coupling fiber-optic sensor also has the advantage such as easy manufacture、low cost、and modulation simple etc.
Based on the local coupling mode theory of gradual changing fiber-optic wave guide,The relation between coupling output and vibration was deduced,and a new type of coupling fiber-optic sensor was presented.The following several topics are Mainly studied:
1.Summarize the development of vibration measurement technology and fiber-optic sensing,eapecially the advantage of coupling fiber-optic sensor such as:simple structure、low cost、high senstivity etc.Giving an overview of research course and trends home and abroad.The theoretical significance and application value of the fiber-optic coupler used for vibration measurement is discribed at the same time.
2.According to the transverse coupling mechnism of two parallel light waveguide,the mathematical differential equation of its coupling output is deduced.The biconical fused fiber-optic coupler which was produced by two same singal-mode fibers be devided into some fragments in which their section is equal to each other.The local mode coupling theory is proposed to study the rule of the lightwave transmit in the two coupling optical fiber.The coupling rules in the fragments of the coupler was discussed with the mode coupling theory of two parallel optical fiber,and the accurate resolution function was obtained at last.The influence of the vibration to coupling output be divided as low frequency and high frequency case.The coupling output variation induced by low frequency vibration was studied with a second-order single-freedom forced vibration system.The influence of high frequency vibration was studied through analysing the refractive index changes conduce by the elastic-optic effect and then affect the coupling output.The relation formula of coupling output and vibration was built.And the new idea of using single-mode coupler as a senser to realize the measurement of vibration was put forward.
3.The accurate calculation formula between coupling output and the strain of coupling section was obtained.The characteristic of the fiber-optic coupler was studied with spiral micrometer to avoid the disturbance of cantilever self-weight and self-vibration,enhance the measurement precision effectively.The fiber-optic coupler was sticked to the cantilever and the coupler's response to shock and periodic vibration be obtained.Compared with piezoelectrical sensor shows that the experiment results were the same with theory analysis.The result indicates that the fused biconical taper coupler's output not only sensitive to the strain,but also changes monotone and linear.At the same time it is temperature stabilization and anti-disturber transversely.The singal-mode fiber-optic coupler can be used for strain/vibration measurement.
4.Two kinds of coupling-region length dependent vibration sensors were designed.In the first kind,the coupler was sticked to the cantilever beam.Its vibration will arouse the coupling region's length change and its mathematical model was established.Bring the cantilever beam's strain value into the coupling output calculating formula,the precision calculation formula between coupling output and vibration was obtained and simulated with MATLAB.This kind of coupling low-frequency fiber-optic vibration sensor realize exact measurement to viration frequency below 10Hz and suitable for structural health monitoring. Another kind of vibration meaurement method was realized through fixed the coupling fiber-optic sensor on a hollow aluminum mass with V groovy.According to the theories of the material mechanics analysis,the strain of coupler focus on the thinest section and it is inversely proportional to cross section's square diameter.The strain changes with vibration remarkably when its diameter less than 20μm,the coupling section acts as an vibration converter.The changing curver and the precision calculation formula between coupling output and vibration was obtained.This kind of coupling universal fiber-optic vibration sensor realizes exact measurement to vibration frequency below 300Hz.
5.A new kind of coupling region dependent vibration sensor was designed. According to the theory of elastic mechanics and fiber optics,the intermolecular relative displacement conduced by its interaction energy will bring with media density fluctuate when the high-vibration transmits in the coupler.Thus cause the refractive index changes periodically and form a phase grating in the coupler, arouse the changes of dielectric constant and coupling coefficient,the coupling output ratio will changes consequently.The precision calculation formula between coupling output and high frequency vibration was educed.In the light of this character a new kind of coupling vibration sensor used for Composite and intelligent structuresperformance evaluation was designed,the object vibration less than 8KHz was measured and ideal results was acquired.The character of the coupling fiber-optic sensor to different intensity and different direction signals is also dissussed simultaneously.
6.An integrated coupling fiber-optic vibration system was designed.Because of the coupling output power is very small(commonly is nW level),the photoelectricity conversion effciency is discussed and the PIN photoelectric diode is chose.The photoelectricity conversion and 2-grade amplified circuits were designed,the filter circuits was designed according to different request at the same time.The vibration parameter acquisition and analysis were implemented with properdata acquire card(DAQ-2005) and application software LabVIEW.The signals were processed with hard and soft threshold wavelet de-noising method to increase the signal-to-noise ratio.Making use of the conclusion educed from previous chapter and experimental results,the coupling fiber-optic sensor was used in the vechile dynamic weighting field,experiments indicate that its weighting error is less than 5%at 20KM/h.It can meet the requests of dynamic weighting. the coupling fiber-optic sensor was also used for large generator stator's vibration online monitor.A new kind of online monitor system of generator stator based on coupling fibre-optic vibration sensor was also designed simultaneously.
7.The conclusion for the theorical and experimental work of coupling fiber-optic sensor was made;the impending problems to be resolved and new research direction were presented.
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