生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险及控制研究
|
摘要
我国是世界上最大的猪肉生产国和消费国,但猪肉产品安全问题却十分突出,频频爆发的猪肉安全事件说明我国猪肉供应链存在很大的安全风险,对消费者的经济利益和身心健康构成威胁。
生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险主要源于供应链各环节的运作过程,本文在分析国内外相关研究现状的基础上,对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险及控制问题进行了系统的研究。主要研究内容如下:
(1)生鲜猪肉供应链现状分析及安全风险识别
首先,分析了我国和世界猪肉行业发展现状以及我国生猪养殖、生猪运输、屠宰加工、冷库贮藏、猪肉配送、猪肉销售等供应链主要环节的安全风险现状;其次,在调研的基础上分析了消费者对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险的认知行为;再次,对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险进行识别,结果表明:我国生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险主要体现在各环节的管理风险、设备风险、技术风险和环境风险。
(2)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险评估
运用区间值模糊综合评价法建立了生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险评估模型,并以实际调研数据为基础,评估我国当前生鲜猪肉供应链各环节的总体安全风险水平,分析了各种风险来源的影响程度。评估结果表明:生猪养殖、生猪运输和冷库贮藏环节的总体安全风险为中等,屠宰加工和猪肉配送环节的总体安全风险较高,而猪肉销售环节的总体安全风险则很高。
(3)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制机制
首先,根据安全风险评估结果,提出各环节内部安全风险控制措施,指出应着重控制屠宰加工、猪肉配送和猪肉销售等环节的内部安全风险;其次,运用静态博弈论和动态进化博弈论分析了生鲜猪肉供应链各环节主体间的安全风险控制与协调机制;再次,在安全风险控制成本方面,借助线性规划和模糊机会约束规划模型,解决供应链模式下连锁超市基于安全成本的生鲜猪肉采购优化问题。
(4)生鲜猪肉物流安全风险控制的快速检测技术
阐明了计算机视觉检测技术和人工嗅觉检测技术的原理及其在生鲜猪肉物流快速检测中的应用;通过试验研究,开发了一种基于色差理论的猪肉物流品质快速定量检测技术;运用该技术测定了各种物流模式下生鲜猪肉的品质变化,评价其安全风险,结果表明:热鲜肉物流安全风险较高;冷却肉物流安全风险较低;真空包装冷却肉物流安全风险则更低;应采用低温物流模式,以降低生鲜猪肉物流安全风险。
(5)基于信息协调的生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制模式
运用随机Petri网理论,分析了我国目前生鲜猪肉供应链组织模式的安全信息传递问题,结果显示该模式下的安全信息传递存在较长时间的延迟。基于射频识别和条形码的信息协调技术,提出了基于信息协调的生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制模式。
(6)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制的支持体系
生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制的支持体系包括三大体系:标准体系、法律法规体系和政府监管体系。在分析我国这三大体系存在问题的基础上,结合国际和发达国家或地区的相关体系,提出了完善我国生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制相关支持体系的措施。
The production and the consumption of pork in China are on the top of the world, while the safety problems of pork are still very conspicuous. The pork safety events which always break out reflect the serious safety risks existed in pork supply chain and pose threat to the comsumers' health and economic interests.
The safety risks of fresh pork supply chain (FPSC) come from the operation processes of the supply chain. Based on the analysis of research status at home and abroad, the safety risks and controlling of FPSC have been studied systematically in this paper. The detailed studies are listed as follows:
(1) The development of FPSC and the identification of safety risks.
Firstly, the development of pork industry in China and the world, as wellas the safety status of links in supply chain such as pig-breeding, pig-transportation, slaughter-process, cold storage, pork distribution and pork selling have been analyzed. Secondly, based on investigation, the consumers' cognitive behavior to the safety risks of FPSC is also analyzed. Thirdly, the safety risks from management risks, equipment risks, technic risks and environment risks in each link of FPSC are indentified.
(2) The safety risks assessment of FPSC.
The assessing model of safety risks of FPSC has been built with interval-valued fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and general safety risks from each link of the supply chain in China are assessed based on investigation. Then the influence degree of each risk source is also analyzed. The assessing results show that the general safety risk is moderate in pig-breeding, pig-transportation and cold storage, but relatively higher in slaughter-process and pork distribution, and very high in pork selling.
(3) The controlling mechanism for the safety risks of FPSC.
The internal controlling measures of safety risks in each link are suggested based on assessing results, as well as the internal controll of slaughter-process, pork distribution and pork selling are emphasized. Then the controlling and coordinating mechanism for the safety risks between the supply chain subjects are analyzed in terms of the static game and dynamic evolution game theory. Moreover, in terms of the cortrolling cost, linear programming and fuzzy chance-constrained programming are used to optimize the purchasing costs of fresh pork in chain supermarkets based on safety costs under the mode of supply chain.
(4) Fast detection technology in the controlling of safety risks of fresh pork logistics.
The detection principle and application of computer vision and artifical olfaction on the controlling of safety risks of fresh pork logistics are elucidated. Then, a new kind of fast quantitative detection technology based on chromatic aberration to the logistics quality of pork are developed by experimental research. Moreover, this technology is used to detect the changes of pork quality in different logistics modes, as well as safety risks in these modes are evaluated. The results show that safety risks are higher in the logistics of warm fresh pork, while lower in the logistics of chilling pork, and more lower in the logistics of chilled pork with vacuum package. The logistics mode of low temperature is proposed to reduce the safety risks.
(5) The controlling models of safety risks of FPSC based on information coordination.
The problems of information transmission in current mode of supply chain are analyzed in terms of stochastic Petri net theory, and the result shows that there is a longer time delay in the transmission of safety information under this mode. Then some new kinds of controlling models of safety risks of FPSC based on information coordination are proposed in terms of the information coordinating technology of RFID and bar code.
(6) The supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC.
The supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC include standard system, law-regulation system and governmental supervision system. Based on the problems existed in these systems in China and the relavtive systems in developed countries and regions, measures to perfect the supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC in China areproposed.
生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险主要源于供应链各环节的运作过程,本文在分析国内外相关研究现状的基础上,对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险及控制问题进行了系统的研究。主要研究内容如下:
(1)生鲜猪肉供应链现状分析及安全风险识别
首先,分析了我国和世界猪肉行业发展现状以及我国生猪养殖、生猪运输、屠宰加工、冷库贮藏、猪肉配送、猪肉销售等供应链主要环节的安全风险现状;其次,在调研的基础上分析了消费者对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险的认知行为;再次,对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险进行识别,结果表明:我国生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险主要体现在各环节的管理风险、设备风险、技术风险和环境风险。
(2)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险评估
运用区间值模糊综合评价法建立了生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险评估模型,并以实际调研数据为基础,评估我国当前生鲜猪肉供应链各环节的总体安全风险水平,分析了各种风险来源的影响程度。评估结果表明:生猪养殖、生猪运输和冷库贮藏环节的总体安全风险为中等,屠宰加工和猪肉配送环节的总体安全风险较高,而猪肉销售环节的总体安全风险则很高。
(3)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制机制
首先,根据安全风险评估结果,提出各环节内部安全风险控制措施,指出应着重控制屠宰加工、猪肉配送和猪肉销售等环节的内部安全风险;其次,运用静态博弈论和动态进化博弈论分析了生鲜猪肉供应链各环节主体间的安全风险控制与协调机制;再次,在安全风险控制成本方面,借助线性规划和模糊机会约束规划模型,解决供应链模式下连锁超市基于安全成本的生鲜猪肉采购优化问题。
(4)生鲜猪肉物流安全风险控制的快速检测技术
阐明了计算机视觉检测技术和人工嗅觉检测技术的原理及其在生鲜猪肉物流快速检测中的应用;通过试验研究,开发了一种基于色差理论的猪肉物流品质快速定量检测技术;运用该技术测定了各种物流模式下生鲜猪肉的品质变化,评价其安全风险,结果表明:热鲜肉物流安全风险较高;冷却肉物流安全风险较低;真空包装冷却肉物流安全风险则更低;应采用低温物流模式,以降低生鲜猪肉物流安全风险。
(5)基于信息协调的生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制模式
运用随机Petri网理论,分析了我国目前生鲜猪肉供应链组织模式的安全信息传递问题,结果显示该模式下的安全信息传递存在较长时间的延迟。基于射频识别和条形码的信息协调技术,提出了基于信息协调的生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制模式。
(6)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制的支持体系
生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制的支持体系包括三大体系:标准体系、法律法规体系和政府监管体系。在分析我国这三大体系存在问题的基础上,结合国际和发达国家或地区的相关体系,提出了完善我国生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制相关支持体系的措施。
The production and the consumption of pork in China are on the top of the world, while the safety problems of pork are still very conspicuous. The pork safety events which always break out reflect the serious safety risks existed in pork supply chain and pose threat to the comsumers' health and economic interests.
The safety risks of fresh pork supply chain (FPSC) come from the operation processes of the supply chain. Based on the analysis of research status at home and abroad, the safety risks and controlling of FPSC have been studied systematically in this paper. The detailed studies are listed as follows:
(1) The development of FPSC and the identification of safety risks.
Firstly, the development of pork industry in China and the world, as wellas the safety status of links in supply chain such as pig-breeding, pig-transportation, slaughter-process, cold storage, pork distribution and pork selling have been analyzed. Secondly, based on investigation, the consumers' cognitive behavior to the safety risks of FPSC is also analyzed. Thirdly, the safety risks from management risks, equipment risks, technic risks and environment risks in each link of FPSC are indentified.
(2) The safety risks assessment of FPSC.
The assessing model of safety risks of FPSC has been built with interval-valued fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and general safety risks from each link of the supply chain in China are assessed based on investigation. Then the influence degree of each risk source is also analyzed. The assessing results show that the general safety risk is moderate in pig-breeding, pig-transportation and cold storage, but relatively higher in slaughter-process and pork distribution, and very high in pork selling.
(3) The controlling mechanism for the safety risks of FPSC.
The internal controlling measures of safety risks in each link are suggested based on assessing results, as well as the internal controll of slaughter-process, pork distribution and pork selling are emphasized. Then the controlling and coordinating mechanism for the safety risks between the supply chain subjects are analyzed in terms of the static game and dynamic evolution game theory. Moreover, in terms of the cortrolling cost, linear programming and fuzzy chance-constrained programming are used to optimize the purchasing costs of fresh pork in chain supermarkets based on safety costs under the mode of supply chain.
(4) Fast detection technology in the controlling of safety risks of fresh pork logistics.
The detection principle and application of computer vision and artifical olfaction on the controlling of safety risks of fresh pork logistics are elucidated. Then, a new kind of fast quantitative detection technology based on chromatic aberration to the logistics quality of pork are developed by experimental research. Moreover, this technology is used to detect the changes of pork quality in different logistics modes, as well as safety risks in these modes are evaluated. The results show that safety risks are higher in the logistics of warm fresh pork, while lower in the logistics of chilling pork, and more lower in the logistics of chilled pork with vacuum package. The logistics mode of low temperature is proposed to reduce the safety risks.
(5) The controlling models of safety risks of FPSC based on information coordination.
The problems of information transmission in current mode of supply chain are analyzed in terms of stochastic Petri net theory, and the result shows that there is a longer time delay in the transmission of safety information under this mode. Then some new kinds of controlling models of safety risks of FPSC based on information coordination are proposed in terms of the information coordinating technology of RFID and bar code.
(6) The supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC.
The supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC include standard system, law-regulation system and governmental supervision system. Based on the problems existed in these systems in China and the relavtive systems in developed countries and regions, measures to perfect the supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC in China areproposed.
引文
[1]吴秀敏.我国猪肉质量安全管理体系研究[M].北京:中国农业出版社.2006:1-2.
[2]Mark Goh,Joseph Y.S.Lim,Fanwem Meng.A stochastic model for risk management in global supply chain networks[J].European Journal of Operational Research.2007,182:164-173.
[3]Tobias Schoenherr,V.M.Rao Tummala,Thomas P.Harrison.Assessing supply chain risks with the analytic hierarchy process:Providing decision support for the offshoring decision by a US manufacturing company[J].Journal of Purchasing &Supply Management,2008.01.008.
[4]Charles S.Tapiero.Consumers risk and quality control in a collaborative supply chain[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2007,182:683-694.
[5]David Bogataj,Marija Bogataj.Measuring the supply chain risk and vulnerability in frequency space[J].Int.J.Production Economics.2007,108:291-301.
[6]Yuanjie He,Jiang Zhang.Random yield risk sharing in a two-level supply chain[J].Int.J.Production Economics.2008,112:769-781
[7]E.Prater,M.A.Smith,International supply chain agility,Tredeoffs between flexibility and uncertainty[J].Int.J.Operations and Production Management,2001,21(5-6):823-839.
[8]L.M.Hunter,C.J.Kasouf,K.G.Celuch,and K.A.Curry.A classification of business-to-business buying decisions:Risk importance and probability as a framework for E-business benefit[J].Industrial Marketing Management,2004,33:145-154.
[9]J.Hallikas,I.Karvonen,U.Pulkkinen,and V.Virolainen,Risk management process in supplier network[J].Int.J.Production Economics,2004,90:47-58.
[10]John Sumner,Thomas Ross.A semi-quantitative seafood safety risk assessment[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology.2002,77:55-59.
[11]K.F.Stacey,D.J.Parsons,K.H.Christiansen,et al.Assessing the effect of interventions on the risk of cattle and sheep carrying Escherichia coli O157:H7to the abattoir using a stochastic model[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine,2007,79:32-45.
[12]Elizabeth C.Redmond,Christopher J.Griffith.Consuner perceptions of food safety risk,control and responsibility[J].Appetite,2004,43:309-313.
[13] Valerie J. Davidson, Joanne Ryks, Aamir Fazil. Fuzzy risk assessment tool for microbial hazards in food systems[J]. Fuzzy Set and Systems,2006,157:1201-1210.
[14] A. E. Lobb, M. Mazzocchi, W. B. Traill. Modelling risk perception and trust in food safety information within the theory of planned behaviour[J]. Food Quality and Preference, 2007,18: 384-395.
[15] Ellen Van Kleef, Lynn J. Frewer, George M. Chryssochoidis, et al. Perceptions of food risk management among key stakeholders: Results from a cross-European study[J]. Appetite, 2006,47: 46-63.
[16] Sara F. L. Kirk, Darren Greenwood, Janet E. Cade. Public perception of a range of potential food risks in the United Kingdom[J]. Appetite. 2002, 38: 189-197.
[17] Ana M. Angulo, Jose M. Gil. Risk perception and consumer willingness to pay for certified beef in Spain[J]. Food Quality and Preference. 2007,18:1106-1117.
[18] Monique A. Van der Gaag, Fred Vos, Helmut W. Saatkamp, et al. A state-transition simulation model for the spread of Salmonella in pork supply chain[J]. European Journal of Poerational Research 2004,156: 782-798.
[19] Monique A. Van der Gaag, Helmut W. Saatkamp, Ge B.C. Backus, et al. Cost-effectiveness of controlling Salmonella in the pork chain[J]. Food Control,2004,15: 173-180.
[20] K-M. Siekkinen, L. Nuotio, J. Ranta, et al. Assessing hygience proficiency on organic and conventional pig farms regrading pork safety: A pilot study in Finland[J]. Livestock Science 2006,104: 193-202.
[21] Maria da conceicao Pereira da Fonseca, Elisabete Salay. Beef, chicken and pork consumption and consumer safety and nutritional concerns in the City of Campinas[J]. Brazil. Food Control, 2007.11.003
[22] Athanassios Krystallis, George Chrysochoidis, Joachim Scholderer.Consumer-perceived quality in 'tranditional'food chains: The case of the Greek meat supply chain[J]. Appetite, 2007,48: 54-68.
[23] M. Den Ouden, J.T. Nijsing, A. A. Dijkhuizen, et al. Economic optimization of pork production-marketing chains: I. Model input on animal welfare and costs[J].Livestock Production Science, 1997,48:23-37.
[24] Birgitte Rasmussen, Kristian Borch, Katharina D.C. Stark. Functional modelling as basis for studying individual and organisational factors-application to risk analysis of salmonella in pork[J]. Food Control, 2001,12:157-164.
[25]刘冬林,周惠.供应链风险产生的根源及均衡模型[J].武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版).2007,29(4):128-131
[26]陈剑辉,徐丽群.弹性系数在供应链风险传导研究中的应用[J].安徽农业科学.2007,35(1):313-314
[27]马丽,张光明,李平.供应链风险的传递机制与传递路径研究[J].科技情报开发与经济.2007,17(31):96-98
[28]傅少川,张文杰,施先亮.供应链信息风险的形成机理和防范对策[J].中国安全科学学报.2004,14(11):88-91
[29]潘文荣,供应链风险识别与评估[J].北方经济.2006,(8):23-24
[30]雷翔虎.供应链合作伙伴关系中的道德风险研究[J].改革与战略.2007,(6):52-54
[31]张光明,李平,马丽等.供应链文化风险及其防范对策研究[J].价值工程.2008,(1):11-13
[32]蒋家东,赵晗萍,冯允成.供应链质量风险特征研究[J].航空标准化与质量.2008,(1):29-34
[33]朱烨,秦江涛,崔秀梅.供应链中道德风险问题的模型分析[J].商业时代.2008,(2):14-15
[34]陈小霖,冯俊文.农产品供应链风险管理[J].生产力研究.2007,(5):28-30
[35]陈皓甲.供应链风险分析与预警体系[J].科技情报开发与经济.2008,18(1):114-116
[36]曾丽萍,孟志青.供应链风险评估及决策模型[J].经济论坛.2007,(4):70-73
[37]梁海鹏,郭伟,马可.供应链风险管理中的风险评价研究[J].生产力研究.2007,(9):132-133
[38]郑必强,邱女云.基于供应链的虚拟企业风险评价[J].会计之友.2007,(9):78-79
[39]舒良友,方芳.基于供应链的制造商合作伙伴风险评估研究[J].铁道运输与经济.2007,29(1):45-48
[40]肖美丹,李从东,张瑜耿.基于未确知数学的BTO供应链策略风险评估.科技管理研究[J].2007,(7):165-166,205
[41]卢卓,陈智民.供应链风险管理的投入权重分析.信息经济与国民经济增长方式的转变—中国信息经济学会2006年学术年会论文集[C].2006:333-339
[42]邓宁,刘加顺,罗荣桂.基于Agent对供应链风险管理的研究[J].中国管理科学.2006,14(10):412-416
[43]黄通,马林.海产品供应链风险分担模型构建[J].物流技术.2008,27(1):82-84
[44]王明玉,许道云.基于供应链的采购管理风险研究[J].商场现代化.2008,(1): 31-32
[45]满广富,孙世民,高爱霞.对山东省猪肉供应链有关问题的调查与分析[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版).2007,(3):40-42
[46]王余松,童文龙,唐平平.兰溪市安全猪肉生产中存在的问题与对策[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯.2003,(4):37
[47]张小英.兰州市猪肉安全中存在的问题[J].甘肃农业.2005,(8):35
[48]杨淑明.顺义区安全猪肉生产中存在的问题与对策[J].当代畜牧.2005,(9):44-45
[49]刘玉满,尹晓青,杜吟棠,王磊.猪肉供应链各环节的食品质量安全问题—基于山东省某市农村的调查报告[J].中国畜牧杂志.2007,43(2):47-49
[50]陈超,谭涛,刘洪波.猪肉行业供应链效率研究[J].南京农业大学学报(社会科学版).2006,6(2):54-58
[51]吴秀敏.我国猪肉质量安全管理体系研究[M].北京:中国农业出版社.2006:170-180
[52]樊福好,杨艳芹.HACCP体系与安全猪肉的生产[J].中国动物保健.2003,(6):20-21,8
[53]王重龙,陶立.张东红等.安全优质猪肉的生产[J].安徽农业通报.2005,11(6):121-123
[54]谢菊芳,陆昌华.安全猪肉全程可追溯系统的设计与实现[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医.2007,(4):94-96
[55]陆昌华,王立方,谢菊芳等.工厂化猪肉安全生产溯源数字系统的设计[J].江苏农业学报.2004,20(4):259-263
[56]王成武,武培福,张文智等.浅论猪肉质量安全问题及应对措施[J].汉中科技.2006,(1):38-41
[57]詹锦川.食用农副产品质量安全信息系统在上海市商品猪肉供应链中的应用[J].中国自动识别技术.2006,(2):51-52
[58]彭增起,徐幸莲,周幸.提高超市生鲜猪肉安全品质的几项措施[J].食品科学.2003,24(8):207-209
[59]孙世民,满广富.优质猪肉供应链的特征与定位初探[J].农业现代化研究.2006,27(6):460-462
[60]李兴民,杨洁.猪肉安全生产可追溯系统的研究[J].中国猪业.2006,(2):31-43
[61]孙世民,卢凤君,叶剑.高档猪肉供应链内部协商价格的研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究.2003,19(2):109-111
[62]卢凤君,孙世民,叶剑.高档猪肉供应链中加工企业与养猪场的行为研究[J].中 国农业大学学报.2003,8(2):90-94
[63]胡凯,甘筱青,阮陆宁.生猪供应链上游结构与猪肉安全的博弈分析[J].物流技术.2007,26(3):71-73
[64]戴迎春,韩纪琴,应瑞瑶.新型猪肉供应链垂直协作关系初步研究[J].南京农业大学学报.2006,29(3):122-126
[65]孙世民,卢凤君,叶剑.优质猪肉供应链企业战略合作关系的形成条件研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究.2004,20(4):285-287
[66]孙世民,卢凤君,叶剑.优质猪肉供应链中养猪场的行为选择机理及其优化策略[J].运筹与管理.2004,13(5):105-110
[67]孙世民,满广富.优质猪肉供应链中养猪场的选择方法研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究.2006,22(4):300-303
[68]刘万利,吴秀敏.猪肉产品供应链中各行为主体对质量安全控制行为的博弈分析[J].新疆农垦经济.2005,(8):53-56
[69]曹国文,姜永康,戴荣国.安全猪肉生产的影响因素及对策[J].畜牧市场.2003,(5):15-16
[70]罗淑琴.安全猪肉在养殖环节存在的问题及对策[J].禽养业.2006,(1):54-55
[71]董银果,徐恩波.中国猪肉安全控制系统的问题与对策[J].西南农业大学学报(社会科学版).2005,3(3):47-50
[72]董银果,徐恩波.试论中国猪肉安全标准定位[J].中国农业科技导报.2006,8(6):66-70
[73]席磊,周道雷,施正香等.猪饲养环境的福利问题与安全猪肉生产的对策[J].中国畜牧杂志.2006,42(14):26-28
[74]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所课题组.对猪肉质量安全的政府监管体制有效吗—来自东北某县的案例调查[J].中国畜牧杂志.2007,43(10):9-14
[75]林兆辉,耿直.应用数字化技术构筑我市猪肉质量安全监管和可追溯体系[J].天津科技.2006,33(5):23-24
[76]张志刚.猪肉食品安全监控与认证体系的创建[J].肉类工业.2007,(5):36-39
[77]周全,刘红.猪肉食品安全卫生质量的管理和监控[J].中国动物检疫.2002,19(10):17-18
[78]黄高明,蒋利明,张菊芳等.猪肉食品安全中亟待强化监管的问题[J].猪业科学.2007,(11):35-37
[79]Williams T M.Risk management infrastruture[J].In.J.Project Management,1993,1(11):5-10.
[80]Emmett J,Vaughan.Fundamentals risk and insurance[M].John Willeys & Sons,1996.
[81]卢有杰,卢家仪.项目风险管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社.1998.
[82]Jaafari A.Management of risk,uncertainties and opportunities on projects:time for fundamental shift[J].In.J.Project Management,2001,19(2):89-101.
[83]魏斌.关于企业金融风险[J].财会月刊,2002,(2):10-13
[84]宋明哲.现代风险管理[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2003.
[85]郭晓亭,蒲勇健,林略.风险概念及其数量刻画[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2004,(2):111-115.
[86]邵晓峰,张存禄,李美燕.供应链管理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[87]张坤,李嘉明,周和生.风险管理与内部审计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[88]李欢.供应链风险研究[D].[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学,2005
[89]倪燕翎,李海婴,燕翔.供应链风险管理与企业风险管理之比较[J].物流技术,2004,(12):40-42
[90]Sourer G Risks from supply chain also demand attetion[J].Business Insurance,2000,34(20):26-28
[91]周永强,杨忠直.网络供应链竞争下的风险控制[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2004,4(6):50-53
[92]刘卫国.企业供应链风险评估研究[D],[硕士学位论文].汕头:汕头大学,2005
[93]潘纪钢,周黎.供应链中的风险及对策[J].交通企业管理,2002,(6):21-22
[94]杨俊.供应链风险管理理论与方法研究[D].[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2005.
[95]林朝阳.供应链的风险及其管理[J].桂林航天工业高等专科学校学报,2004,(3):4-6.
[96]李晓英,陈维政.供应链风险形成机理研究[J].中国流通经济,2003,(9):10-13.
[97]杨洁彬,王晶等.食品安全性[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,1999.
[98]金征宇.食品安全导论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[99]张延平,谢如鹤.生鲜农产品物流安全管理政策与法规建设亟待加强[J].中国储运,2006(5):103-104
[100]邱祝强.基于冷链的生鲜农产品物流网络优化与物流安全风险研究[D].[博士学位论文],长沙:中南大学,2007.
[101]王俊勋.畜产品产销形势分析与2002年展望[R].农业部工作报告.2001
[102]刘玉满,尹晓青,杜吟棠等.猪肉供应链各环节的食品质量安全问题—基于山东省某市农村的调查报告[J].中国畜牧杂志,2007,43(2):47-49
[103]Susan A.Hornibrook,Mary McCarthy,Andrew Fearne.Consumers' perception of risk:the case of beef purchases in Irish supermarkets[J].Int.J.Retail&Distribution Management,2005,33(10):701-715.
[104]王志刚.食品安全的认知和消费决定:关于天津市个体消费者的实证分析[J].中国农村经济,2003(4):41-48.
[105]周洁红.消费者对蔬菜安全的态度、认知和购买行为分析—基于浙江省城市和城镇消费者的调查统计[J].中国农村经济,2004(11):44-52.
[106]曾寅初,夏薇,黄波.消费者对绿色食品的购买与认识水平及其影响因素分析—基于北京市消费者调查的分析[J].消费经济,2007,23(1):38-42.
[107]谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用(第二版)[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2000.
[108]皮国胜,宋炳良.基于供应链管理的港口经营绩效评价研究[D].[硕士论文],上海:上海海事大学.2005..
[109]彭祖赠,孙韫玉.模糊(Fuzzy)数学及其应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002:142-144.
[110]徐泽水.模糊互补判断矩阵排序的一种算法[J].系统工程学报,2001,16(4):311-314.
[111]向小东.模糊AHP法及其在人才评价中的应用[J].四川工业学院学报,2002,21(1):74-76.
[112]张进春,吴超,侯锦秀,黎敏.生产车间安全管理状况的区间数模糊综合评价方法研究[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(2):135-138.
[113]齐欢.数学模型方法[M].武汉:华中大学科学技术出版社,2000.50-58.
[114]蔡成功,景国勋.模糊综合评判法预测煤与瓦斯突出强度的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2004,4(2):54-56.
[115]徐泽水.不确定多属性决策方法及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[116]张吉军.区间数的排序方法研究[J].运筹与管理,2003,12(3):18-22.
[117]谢如鹤,张得志,罗荣武.物流系统规划[M].中国物资出版社.2007:1-2.
[118]罗杰.B.迈尔森.博弈论矛盾冲突分析[M].北京:中国经济出版社[M],2001:1-10
[119]张照贵.经济博弈与应用[M].成都:西南财经大学出版社,2006:30-35.
[120]谢识予.经济博弈论[M].复旦大学出版社.2004:20-40.
[121]罗丙能,刘茂盛,,周德翼.食品安全中生产者、消费者和政府行为的博弈分析 及对我国食品安全管理的启示[J].天水师范学院学报.2007,27(2):122-125.
[122]刘松先.信息不对称下政府主管部门与食品企业的博弈分析[C].现代工业工程与管理研讨会(MIEM'06)论文集.2006:10-13
[123]张金水.经济控制论—动态经济系统分析方法与应用[M].清华大学出版社.2008:71-72.
[124]胡运权.运筹学基础及运用[M].高等教育出版社,2004.5:9-13
[125]谢金星.优化建模与LINDO/LFNGO软件[M]北京:清华大学出版社.2005.7:322-342
[126]刘宝碇,赵瑞清.随机规划与模糊规划[M]北京:清华大学出版社.1998.6:164-183
[127]林朝朋,许晓春.计算机视觉检测技术在食品物流中的应用与展望[J].食品科学.2006,27(11):543-547.
[128]石志标,左春柽,张学军.人工嗅觉系统及其在粮食质量检验中的应用[J].郑州工程学院学报.2004,25(1):79-82.
[129]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB2707-2005鲜(冻)畜肉卫生标准.
[130]王丽,周真,李震.利用色差法检测乳品菌群浓度的研究[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报.2004,9(5):46-48.
[131]蔡强,苑惠娟,周真.色差法在乳品菌群浓度检测中的应用[J].计量与测试技术.2005,32(12):26-29.
[132]徐昆龙,肖蓉,王丽屏.对二甲氨基苯甲醛法快速检测猪肉新鲜度[J].中国畜产与食品.1998,5(3):101-102.
[133]郑元林,杨淑惠,周世生等.CIE 1976LAB色差公式的均匀性研究[J].包装工程.2005,26(2):48.
[134]刘浩学.CIE均匀颜色空间与色差公式的应用[J].北京印刷学院学报.2003,11(3):3-6.
[135]吴哲辉.Petri网导论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[136]白世贞,王文利.供应链复杂系统资源流建模与仿真[M].北京:科学出版社.2008:193-194
[137]W.M.Zuberek.Performance evaluation using unbound timed Petri Nets[C].In:Proc.of the Third International Workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models,Kyoto,Japan,1989,180-186.
[138]G.Florin,S.Natkin.An periodicity condition for a class of stochastic Petri Nets[C].In:Proc.of the 5th Workshop on Application and Theory of Petri Nets,Aarhus,1984.
[139]H.Choi and K.S.Trivedi.Approximate performance models of polling systems using stochastic Petri nets[C].In proc.of IEEE Infocom 92,11th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies,Florence Italy,May 1992.
[140]林闯.随机Petri网和系统性能评价[M].北京:电子工业出版社.1998:51-58.
[141]王意冈,张肖南.用Petri网研究组织结构形式[J].系统工程学报,1998,(9):110-116
[142]李俊.RFID技术在制造企业供应链管理中的应用[J].中小企业管理.2008,(10):229.
[143]孙海霞,薛茹.RFID系统的组成及工作原理[J].西藏科技,2005,(9):59-60
[144]乔强.RFID技术的应用[J].现代情报,2005,25(4):150-151.
[145]刘铮铮.RFID技术在安全食品供应链中的应用[J].物流技术,2006,(6):8-20.
[2]Mark Goh,Joseph Y.S.Lim,Fanwem Meng.A stochastic model for risk management in global supply chain networks[J].European Journal of Operational Research.2007,182:164-173.
[3]Tobias Schoenherr,V.M.Rao Tummala,Thomas P.Harrison.Assessing supply chain risks with the analytic hierarchy process:Providing decision support for the offshoring decision by a US manufacturing company[J].Journal of Purchasing &Supply Management,2008.01.008.
[4]Charles S.Tapiero.Consumers risk and quality control in a collaborative supply chain[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2007,182:683-694.
[5]David Bogataj,Marija Bogataj.Measuring the supply chain risk and vulnerability in frequency space[J].Int.J.Production Economics.2007,108:291-301.
[6]Yuanjie He,Jiang Zhang.Random yield risk sharing in a two-level supply chain[J].Int.J.Production Economics.2008,112:769-781
[7]E.Prater,M.A.Smith,International supply chain agility,Tredeoffs between flexibility and uncertainty[J].Int.J.Operations and Production Management,2001,21(5-6):823-839.
[8]L.M.Hunter,C.J.Kasouf,K.G.Celuch,and K.A.Curry.A classification of business-to-business buying decisions:Risk importance and probability as a framework for E-business benefit[J].Industrial Marketing Management,2004,33:145-154.
[9]J.Hallikas,I.Karvonen,U.Pulkkinen,and V.Virolainen,Risk management process in supplier network[J].Int.J.Production Economics,2004,90:47-58.
[10]John Sumner,Thomas Ross.A semi-quantitative seafood safety risk assessment[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology.2002,77:55-59.
[11]K.F.Stacey,D.J.Parsons,K.H.Christiansen,et al.Assessing the effect of interventions on the risk of cattle and sheep carrying Escherichia coli O157:H7to the abattoir using a stochastic model[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine,2007,79:32-45.
[12]Elizabeth C.Redmond,Christopher J.Griffith.Consuner perceptions of food safety risk,control and responsibility[J].Appetite,2004,43:309-313.
[13] Valerie J. Davidson, Joanne Ryks, Aamir Fazil. Fuzzy risk assessment tool for microbial hazards in food systems[J]. Fuzzy Set and Systems,2006,157:1201-1210.
[14] A. E. Lobb, M. Mazzocchi, W. B. Traill. Modelling risk perception and trust in food safety information within the theory of planned behaviour[J]. Food Quality and Preference, 2007,18: 384-395.
[15] Ellen Van Kleef, Lynn J. Frewer, George M. Chryssochoidis, et al. Perceptions of food risk management among key stakeholders: Results from a cross-European study[J]. Appetite, 2006,47: 46-63.
[16] Sara F. L. Kirk, Darren Greenwood, Janet E. Cade. Public perception of a range of potential food risks in the United Kingdom[J]. Appetite. 2002, 38: 189-197.
[17] Ana M. Angulo, Jose M. Gil. Risk perception and consumer willingness to pay for certified beef in Spain[J]. Food Quality and Preference. 2007,18:1106-1117.
[18] Monique A. Van der Gaag, Fred Vos, Helmut W. Saatkamp, et al. A state-transition simulation model for the spread of Salmonella in pork supply chain[J]. European Journal of Poerational Research 2004,156: 782-798.
[19] Monique A. Van der Gaag, Helmut W. Saatkamp, Ge B.C. Backus, et al. Cost-effectiveness of controlling Salmonella in the pork chain[J]. Food Control,2004,15: 173-180.
[20] K-M. Siekkinen, L. Nuotio, J. Ranta, et al. Assessing hygience proficiency on organic and conventional pig farms regrading pork safety: A pilot study in Finland[J]. Livestock Science 2006,104: 193-202.
[21] Maria da conceicao Pereira da Fonseca, Elisabete Salay. Beef, chicken and pork consumption and consumer safety and nutritional concerns in the City of Campinas[J]. Brazil. Food Control, 2007.11.003
[22] Athanassios Krystallis, George Chrysochoidis, Joachim Scholderer.Consumer-perceived quality in 'tranditional'food chains: The case of the Greek meat supply chain[J]. Appetite, 2007,48: 54-68.
[23] M. Den Ouden, J.T. Nijsing, A. A. Dijkhuizen, et al. Economic optimization of pork production-marketing chains: I. Model input on animal welfare and costs[J].Livestock Production Science, 1997,48:23-37.
[24] Birgitte Rasmussen, Kristian Borch, Katharina D.C. Stark. Functional modelling as basis for studying individual and organisational factors-application to risk analysis of salmonella in pork[J]. Food Control, 2001,12:157-164.
[25]刘冬林,周惠.供应链风险产生的根源及均衡模型[J].武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版).2007,29(4):128-131
[26]陈剑辉,徐丽群.弹性系数在供应链风险传导研究中的应用[J].安徽农业科学.2007,35(1):313-314
[27]马丽,张光明,李平.供应链风险的传递机制与传递路径研究[J].科技情报开发与经济.2007,17(31):96-98
[28]傅少川,张文杰,施先亮.供应链信息风险的形成机理和防范对策[J].中国安全科学学报.2004,14(11):88-91
[29]潘文荣,供应链风险识别与评估[J].北方经济.2006,(8):23-24
[30]雷翔虎.供应链合作伙伴关系中的道德风险研究[J].改革与战略.2007,(6):52-54
[31]张光明,李平,马丽等.供应链文化风险及其防范对策研究[J].价值工程.2008,(1):11-13
[32]蒋家东,赵晗萍,冯允成.供应链质量风险特征研究[J].航空标准化与质量.2008,(1):29-34
[33]朱烨,秦江涛,崔秀梅.供应链中道德风险问题的模型分析[J].商业时代.2008,(2):14-15
[34]陈小霖,冯俊文.农产品供应链风险管理[J].生产力研究.2007,(5):28-30
[35]陈皓甲.供应链风险分析与预警体系[J].科技情报开发与经济.2008,18(1):114-116
[36]曾丽萍,孟志青.供应链风险评估及决策模型[J].经济论坛.2007,(4):70-73
[37]梁海鹏,郭伟,马可.供应链风险管理中的风险评价研究[J].生产力研究.2007,(9):132-133
[38]郑必强,邱女云.基于供应链的虚拟企业风险评价[J].会计之友.2007,(9):78-79
[39]舒良友,方芳.基于供应链的制造商合作伙伴风险评估研究[J].铁道运输与经济.2007,29(1):45-48
[40]肖美丹,李从东,张瑜耿.基于未确知数学的BTO供应链策略风险评估.科技管理研究[J].2007,(7):165-166,205
[41]卢卓,陈智民.供应链风险管理的投入权重分析.信息经济与国民经济增长方式的转变—中国信息经济学会2006年学术年会论文集[C].2006:333-339
[42]邓宁,刘加顺,罗荣桂.基于Agent对供应链风险管理的研究[J].中国管理科学.2006,14(10):412-416
[43]黄通,马林.海产品供应链风险分担模型构建[J].物流技术.2008,27(1):82-84
[44]王明玉,许道云.基于供应链的采购管理风险研究[J].商场现代化.2008,(1): 31-32
[45]满广富,孙世民,高爱霞.对山东省猪肉供应链有关问题的调查与分析[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版).2007,(3):40-42
[46]王余松,童文龙,唐平平.兰溪市安全猪肉生产中存在的问题与对策[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯.2003,(4):37
[47]张小英.兰州市猪肉安全中存在的问题[J].甘肃农业.2005,(8):35
[48]杨淑明.顺义区安全猪肉生产中存在的问题与对策[J].当代畜牧.2005,(9):44-45
[49]刘玉满,尹晓青,杜吟棠,王磊.猪肉供应链各环节的食品质量安全问题—基于山东省某市农村的调查报告[J].中国畜牧杂志.2007,43(2):47-49
[50]陈超,谭涛,刘洪波.猪肉行业供应链效率研究[J].南京农业大学学报(社会科学版).2006,6(2):54-58
[51]吴秀敏.我国猪肉质量安全管理体系研究[M].北京:中国农业出版社.2006:170-180
[52]樊福好,杨艳芹.HACCP体系与安全猪肉的生产[J].中国动物保健.2003,(6):20-21,8
[53]王重龙,陶立.张东红等.安全优质猪肉的生产[J].安徽农业通报.2005,11(6):121-123
[54]谢菊芳,陆昌华.安全猪肉全程可追溯系统的设计与实现[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医.2007,(4):94-96
[55]陆昌华,王立方,谢菊芳等.工厂化猪肉安全生产溯源数字系统的设计[J].江苏农业学报.2004,20(4):259-263
[56]王成武,武培福,张文智等.浅论猪肉质量安全问题及应对措施[J].汉中科技.2006,(1):38-41
[57]詹锦川.食用农副产品质量安全信息系统在上海市商品猪肉供应链中的应用[J].中国自动识别技术.2006,(2):51-52
[58]彭增起,徐幸莲,周幸.提高超市生鲜猪肉安全品质的几项措施[J].食品科学.2003,24(8):207-209
[59]孙世民,满广富.优质猪肉供应链的特征与定位初探[J].农业现代化研究.2006,27(6):460-462
[60]李兴民,杨洁.猪肉安全生产可追溯系统的研究[J].中国猪业.2006,(2):31-43
[61]孙世民,卢凤君,叶剑.高档猪肉供应链内部协商价格的研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究.2003,19(2):109-111
[62]卢凤君,孙世民,叶剑.高档猪肉供应链中加工企业与养猪场的行为研究[J].中 国农业大学学报.2003,8(2):90-94
[63]胡凯,甘筱青,阮陆宁.生猪供应链上游结构与猪肉安全的博弈分析[J].物流技术.2007,26(3):71-73
[64]戴迎春,韩纪琴,应瑞瑶.新型猪肉供应链垂直协作关系初步研究[J].南京农业大学学报.2006,29(3):122-126
[65]孙世民,卢凤君,叶剑.优质猪肉供应链企业战略合作关系的形成条件研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究.2004,20(4):285-287
[66]孙世民,卢凤君,叶剑.优质猪肉供应链中养猪场的行为选择机理及其优化策略[J].运筹与管理.2004,13(5):105-110
[67]孙世民,满广富.优质猪肉供应链中养猪场的选择方法研究[J].农业系统科学与综合研究.2006,22(4):300-303
[68]刘万利,吴秀敏.猪肉产品供应链中各行为主体对质量安全控制行为的博弈分析[J].新疆农垦经济.2005,(8):53-56
[69]曹国文,姜永康,戴荣国.安全猪肉生产的影响因素及对策[J].畜牧市场.2003,(5):15-16
[70]罗淑琴.安全猪肉在养殖环节存在的问题及对策[J].禽养业.2006,(1):54-55
[71]董银果,徐恩波.中国猪肉安全控制系统的问题与对策[J].西南农业大学学报(社会科学版).2005,3(3):47-50
[72]董银果,徐恩波.试论中国猪肉安全标准定位[J].中国农业科技导报.2006,8(6):66-70
[73]席磊,周道雷,施正香等.猪饲养环境的福利问题与安全猪肉生产的对策[J].中国畜牧杂志.2006,42(14):26-28
[74]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所课题组.对猪肉质量安全的政府监管体制有效吗—来自东北某县的案例调查[J].中国畜牧杂志.2007,43(10):9-14
[75]林兆辉,耿直.应用数字化技术构筑我市猪肉质量安全监管和可追溯体系[J].天津科技.2006,33(5):23-24
[76]张志刚.猪肉食品安全监控与认证体系的创建[J].肉类工业.2007,(5):36-39
[77]周全,刘红.猪肉食品安全卫生质量的管理和监控[J].中国动物检疫.2002,19(10):17-18
[78]黄高明,蒋利明,张菊芳等.猪肉食品安全中亟待强化监管的问题[J].猪业科学.2007,(11):35-37
[79]Williams T M.Risk management infrastruture[J].In.J.Project Management,1993,1(11):5-10.
[80]Emmett J,Vaughan.Fundamentals risk and insurance[M].John Willeys & Sons,1996.
[81]卢有杰,卢家仪.项目风险管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社.1998.
[82]Jaafari A.Management of risk,uncertainties and opportunities on projects:time for fundamental shift[J].In.J.Project Management,2001,19(2):89-101.
[83]魏斌.关于企业金融风险[J].财会月刊,2002,(2):10-13
[84]宋明哲.现代风险管理[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2003.
[85]郭晓亭,蒲勇健,林略.风险概念及其数量刻画[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2004,(2):111-115.
[86]邵晓峰,张存禄,李美燕.供应链管理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[87]张坤,李嘉明,周和生.风险管理与内部审计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[88]李欢.供应链风险研究[D].[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学,2005
[89]倪燕翎,李海婴,燕翔.供应链风险管理与企业风险管理之比较[J].物流技术,2004,(12):40-42
[90]Sourer G Risks from supply chain also demand attetion[J].Business Insurance,2000,34(20):26-28
[91]周永强,杨忠直.网络供应链竞争下的风险控制[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2004,4(6):50-53
[92]刘卫国.企业供应链风险评估研究[D],[硕士学位论文].汕头:汕头大学,2005
[93]潘纪钢,周黎.供应链中的风险及对策[J].交通企业管理,2002,(6):21-22
[94]杨俊.供应链风险管理理论与方法研究[D].[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉理工大学,2005.
[95]林朝阳.供应链的风险及其管理[J].桂林航天工业高等专科学校学报,2004,(3):4-6.
[96]李晓英,陈维政.供应链风险形成机理研究[J].中国流通经济,2003,(9):10-13.
[97]杨洁彬,王晶等.食品安全性[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,1999.
[98]金征宇.食品安全导论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[99]张延平,谢如鹤.生鲜农产品物流安全管理政策与法规建设亟待加强[J].中国储运,2006(5):103-104
[100]邱祝强.基于冷链的生鲜农产品物流网络优化与物流安全风险研究[D].[博士学位论文],长沙:中南大学,2007.
[101]王俊勋.畜产品产销形势分析与2002年展望[R].农业部工作报告.2001
[102]刘玉满,尹晓青,杜吟棠等.猪肉供应链各环节的食品质量安全问题—基于山东省某市农村的调查报告[J].中国畜牧杂志,2007,43(2):47-49
[103]Susan A.Hornibrook,Mary McCarthy,Andrew Fearne.Consumers' perception of risk:the case of beef purchases in Irish supermarkets[J].Int.J.Retail&Distribution Management,2005,33(10):701-715.
[104]王志刚.食品安全的认知和消费决定:关于天津市个体消费者的实证分析[J].中国农村经济,2003(4):41-48.
[105]周洁红.消费者对蔬菜安全的态度、认知和购买行为分析—基于浙江省城市和城镇消费者的调查统计[J].中国农村经济,2004(11):44-52.
[106]曾寅初,夏薇,黄波.消费者对绿色食品的购买与认识水平及其影响因素分析—基于北京市消费者调查的分析[J].消费经济,2007,23(1):38-42.
[107]谢季坚,刘承平.模糊数学方法及其应用(第二版)[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2000.
[108]皮国胜,宋炳良.基于供应链管理的港口经营绩效评价研究[D].[硕士论文],上海:上海海事大学.2005..
[109]彭祖赠,孙韫玉.模糊(Fuzzy)数学及其应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002:142-144.
[110]徐泽水.模糊互补判断矩阵排序的一种算法[J].系统工程学报,2001,16(4):311-314.
[111]向小东.模糊AHP法及其在人才评价中的应用[J].四川工业学院学报,2002,21(1):74-76.
[112]张进春,吴超,侯锦秀,黎敏.生产车间安全管理状况的区间数模糊综合评价方法研究[J].安全与环境学报,2006,6(2):135-138.
[113]齐欢.数学模型方法[M].武汉:华中大学科学技术出版社,2000.50-58.
[114]蔡成功,景国勋.模糊综合评判法预测煤与瓦斯突出强度的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2004,4(2):54-56.
[115]徐泽水.不确定多属性决策方法及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.
[116]张吉军.区间数的排序方法研究[J].运筹与管理,2003,12(3):18-22.
[117]谢如鹤,张得志,罗荣武.物流系统规划[M].中国物资出版社.2007:1-2.
[118]罗杰.B.迈尔森.博弈论矛盾冲突分析[M].北京:中国经济出版社[M],2001:1-10
[119]张照贵.经济博弈与应用[M].成都:西南财经大学出版社,2006:30-35.
[120]谢识予.经济博弈论[M].复旦大学出版社.2004:20-40.
[121]罗丙能,刘茂盛,,周德翼.食品安全中生产者、消费者和政府行为的博弈分析 及对我国食品安全管理的启示[J].天水师范学院学报.2007,27(2):122-125.
[122]刘松先.信息不对称下政府主管部门与食品企业的博弈分析[C].现代工业工程与管理研讨会(MIEM'06)论文集.2006:10-13
[123]张金水.经济控制论—动态经济系统分析方法与应用[M].清华大学出版社.2008:71-72.
[124]胡运权.运筹学基础及运用[M].高等教育出版社,2004.5:9-13
[125]谢金星.优化建模与LINDO/LFNGO软件[M]北京:清华大学出版社.2005.7:322-342
[126]刘宝碇,赵瑞清.随机规划与模糊规划[M]北京:清华大学出版社.1998.6:164-183
[127]林朝朋,许晓春.计算机视觉检测技术在食品物流中的应用与展望[J].食品科学.2006,27(11):543-547.
[128]石志标,左春柽,张学军.人工嗅觉系统及其在粮食质量检验中的应用[J].郑州工程学院学报.2004,25(1):79-82.
[129]中华人民共和国卫生部.GB2707-2005鲜(冻)畜肉卫生标准.
[130]王丽,周真,李震.利用色差法检测乳品菌群浓度的研究[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报.2004,9(5):46-48.
[131]蔡强,苑惠娟,周真.色差法在乳品菌群浓度检测中的应用[J].计量与测试技术.2005,32(12):26-29.
[132]徐昆龙,肖蓉,王丽屏.对二甲氨基苯甲醛法快速检测猪肉新鲜度[J].中国畜产与食品.1998,5(3):101-102.
[133]郑元林,杨淑惠,周世生等.CIE 1976LAB色差公式的均匀性研究[J].包装工程.2005,26(2):48.
[134]刘浩学.CIE均匀颜色空间与色差公式的应用[J].北京印刷学院学报.2003,11(3):3-6.
[135]吴哲辉.Petri网导论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[136]白世贞,王文利.供应链复杂系统资源流建模与仿真[M].北京:科学出版社.2008:193-194
[137]W.M.Zuberek.Performance evaluation using unbound timed Petri Nets[C].In:Proc.of the Third International Workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models,Kyoto,Japan,1989,180-186.
[138]G.Florin,S.Natkin.An periodicity condition for a class of stochastic Petri Nets[C].In:Proc.of the 5th Workshop on Application and Theory of Petri Nets,Aarhus,1984.
[139]H.Choi and K.S.Trivedi.Approximate performance models of polling systems using stochastic Petri nets[C].In proc.of IEEE Infocom 92,11th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies,Florence Italy,May 1992.
[140]林闯.随机Petri网和系统性能评价[M].北京:电子工业出版社.1998:51-58.
[141]王意冈,张肖南.用Petri网研究组织结构形式[J].系统工程学报,1998,(9):110-116
[142]李俊.RFID技术在制造企业供应链管理中的应用[J].中小企业管理.2008,(10):229.
[143]孙海霞,薛茹.RFID系统的组成及工作原理[J].西藏科技,2005,(9):59-60
[144]乔强.RFID技术的应用[J].现代情报,2005,25(4):150-151.
[145]刘铮铮.RFID技术在安全食品供应链中的应用[J].物流技术,2006,(6):8-20.