深基坑稳定与变形的可靠性分析
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摘要
在基坑工程领域，土体的物理力学参数具有较大的随机性，传统的定值分析方法没能考虑这些土性参数的随机性，因此其计算结果必然带有一定的不确定性。而基于可靠性的分析方法则可以考虑土性参数的随机性及其相关性的影响，其设计结果更为客观、更加符合工程实际。
目前，关于基坑工程可靠性分析问题的研究工作尚处于起步时期，所做的主要工作还只停留在简单支护形式下的浅基坑工程领域；而对于复杂支护体系下的深基坑工程的可靠性分析问题，基本还处于空白阶段。因此，本文的主要工作包括：
（1）基于边坡的极限平衡理论，应用圆弧滑动面条分法建立了复合土钉支护基坑内部整体稳定分析的失效函数与最危险滑动面的计算模型；以土体的力学参数作为随机变量，推导了失效函数对各随机变量的偏导数，利用改进的一次二阶矩法计算了复合土钉支护基坑内部整体稳定可靠性指标，从而形成了复合土钉支护基坑内部整体稳定的可靠性分析方法；并在此基础上，分析了失效函数的计算模型、土体力学参数的变异性及土层位置参数对基坑内部整体稳定可靠性指标的影响。
（2）基于弹性地基梁杆系有限元法与荷载增量法，采用弹性土压力计算模型，建立了多支点桩墙支护基坑各工况下的基坑变形、支护结构与内支撑强度分析的随机有限元计算模型；以土体的抗剪强度指标作为随机变量，推导了基坑变形位移、支护结构与内支撑强度对各随机变量的偏导数，应用改进的一次二阶矩法计算了基坑变形、支护结构与内支撑强度的可靠性指标，形成了多支点桩墙支护基坑变形、支护结构与内支撑强度的可靠性分析方法；分析了土体抗剪强度指标的变异性与土层位置参数对基坑变形、支护结构与内支撑强度可靠性的影响。
In the area of foundation pit, the physical and mechanical parameters of soil have muchrandomness. The traditional fixed value analysis method has not considered the randomnessof these parameters and therefore the results of this method will have some uncertainty.Reliability-based analysis method can consider the randomness of these parameters and thecorrelation between them fully. So the results of this method will be more objective andaccording with the actual.
At present, the reliability research of foundation pit is still in the initial stage and themain research results are concentrated on the shallow foundation pit supported with simplesupporting system. But the reliability research of deep foundation pit supported with complexsupporting system is in the blank stage basically. Therefore, the main works of this paper areshown as follow.
(1) Based on the limit equilibrium theory of slope,the failure function and the calculationmodel of the most dangerous slip surface for the inner global stability of foundation pitsupported by the composite soil nailing are established with the circular slip surface method.With the mechanical parameters of soil as random variables, the partial derivative of thefailure function to all random variables is deduced. The reliability index of inner globalstability of foundation pit is calculated with the improved first order second moment method.So the reliability analysis method of the inner global stability of foundation pit supported bythe composite soil nailing is set up. Finally, the impact of the forces between strips, thevariability of mechanical parameters of soil and the position of soil layers on the inner globalstability of foundation pit are analyzed.
(2) Based on the bar system FEM for beam on elastic foundation, the load incrementalmethod and the elastic soil pressure calculation model,the stochastic finite element calculationmodels for the deformation, the strength of supporting structure and the inner struts areestablished in foundation pit supported with much struts structure. With the shear strengthparameters of soil as random variables, the partial derivative of the excavation deformation toall random variables is deduced and the reliability index of the deformation, the strength ofsupporting structure and inner strut of foundation pit is calculated with the improved firstorder second moment method. Then the reliability analysis method of the deformation, thestrength of supporting structure and inner strut of foundation pit supported with much strutsstructure is set up. At last, the influence of the variability of mechanical parameters of soil andthe position of soil layers on the excavation reliability is analyzed.
目前，关于基坑工程可靠性分析问题的研究工作尚处于起步时期，所做的主要工作还只停留在简单支护形式下的浅基坑工程领域；而对于复杂支护体系下的深基坑工程的可靠性分析问题，基本还处于空白阶段。因此，本文的主要工作包括：
（1）基于边坡的极限平衡理论，应用圆弧滑动面条分法建立了复合土钉支护基坑内部整体稳定分析的失效函数与最危险滑动面的计算模型；以土体的力学参数作为随机变量，推导了失效函数对各随机变量的偏导数，利用改进的一次二阶矩法计算了复合土钉支护基坑内部整体稳定可靠性指标，从而形成了复合土钉支护基坑内部整体稳定的可靠性分析方法；并在此基础上，分析了失效函数的计算模型、土体力学参数的变异性及土层位置参数对基坑内部整体稳定可靠性指标的影响。
（2）基于弹性地基梁杆系有限元法与荷载增量法，采用弹性土压力计算模型，建立了多支点桩墙支护基坑各工况下的基坑变形、支护结构与内支撑强度分析的随机有限元计算模型；以土体的抗剪强度指标作为随机变量，推导了基坑变形位移、支护结构与内支撑强度对各随机变量的偏导数，应用改进的一次二阶矩法计算了基坑变形、支护结构与内支撑强度的可靠性指标，形成了多支点桩墙支护基坑变形、支护结构与内支撑强度的可靠性分析方法；分析了土体抗剪强度指标的变异性与土层位置参数对基坑变形、支护结构与内支撑强度可靠性的影响。
In the area of foundation pit, the physical and mechanical parameters of soil have muchrandomness. The traditional fixed value analysis method has not considered the randomnessof these parameters and therefore the results of this method will have some uncertainty.Reliability-based analysis method can consider the randomness of these parameters and thecorrelation between them fully. So the results of this method will be more objective andaccording with the actual.
At present, the reliability research of foundation pit is still in the initial stage and themain research results are concentrated on the shallow foundation pit supported with simplesupporting system. But the reliability research of deep foundation pit supported with complexsupporting system is in the blank stage basically. Therefore, the main works of this paper areshown as follow.
(1) Based on the limit equilibrium theory of slope,the failure function and the calculationmodel of the most dangerous slip surface for the inner global stability of foundation pitsupported by the composite soil nailing are established with the circular slip surface method.With the mechanical parameters of soil as random variables, the partial derivative of thefailure function to all random variables is deduced. The reliability index of inner globalstability of foundation pit is calculated with the improved first order second moment method.So the reliability analysis method of the inner global stability of foundation pit supported bythe composite soil nailing is set up. Finally, the impact of the forces between strips, thevariability of mechanical parameters of soil and the position of soil layers on the inner globalstability of foundation pit are analyzed.
(2) Based on the bar system FEM for beam on elastic foundation, the load incrementalmethod and the elastic soil pressure calculation model,the stochastic finite element calculationmodels for the deformation, the strength of supporting structure and the inner struts areestablished in foundation pit supported with much struts structure. With the shear strengthparameters of soil as random variables, the partial derivative of the excavation deformation toall random variables is deduced and the reliability index of the deformation, the strength ofsupporting structure and inner strut of foundation pit is calculated with the improved firstorder second moment method. Then the reliability analysis method of the deformation, thestrength of supporting structure and inner strut of foundation pit supported with much strutsstructure is set up. At last, the influence of the variability of mechanical parameters of soil andthe position of soil layers on the excavation reliability is analyzed.
引文
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