基于XML的个性化E-learning系统研究与设计

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英文题名：Research and Design on XML-based and Personalized E-learning System 作者：张鹏 论文级别：硕士 学科专业名称：计算机应用技术 中文关键词：E-learning ; XML ; 教学资源库 ; 学习者模型 英文关键词：E-learning ; XML ; Educational resource repository ; Learner model 学位年度：2008 导师：杨青 学科代码：081203 学位授予单位：武汉理工大学 论文提交日期：2008-04-01

摘要

多媒体技术和网络技术在教育领域内的应用给传统的教育模式、教学方法和教学手段带来了巨大变革,产生了一种新的形式—网络教学(E-learning)。网络教学作为现代信息技术与教学理论相结合的一种新的教学模式,它以计算机网络为支撑环境,学习者通过虚拟课堂进行在线学习。网络教学打破了时间和地域的限制,能够充分利用网络上的各种教育资源进行教学活动。
     然而,在当前E-learning系统中存在着资源组织规范不统一和个性化不足等问题,导致E-learning系统间资源共享复用困难,学习内容单一。本文针对存在的问题,参考相关标准,提出了一种个性化E-learning系统的设计方案,该方案主要包括教学资源库设计、学习者模型设计和教学推理机设计三个部分。
     (1)教学资源库设计
     教学资源库设计是本系统的基础性工作,涉及到教学资源的分类、组织、标识和封装等方面。本文以ADL的学习对象理论为基础,对教学资源的组织、标识和封装的方法进行了分析,以ADL SCORM模型的内容层次模型为基础进行了资源的组织工作,以我国的教学资源元数据规范为基础进行了资源的标识工作、以IMS的内容包装规范为基础进行了资源的封装工作。本文应用以上三种规范对学习资源的组织方法进行了分析设计,最后给出了元数据的XML模式定义和资源内容清单的XML模式定义作为设计的结果。
     (2)学习者模型设计
     在个性化教学系统中,学习者模型可以为E-learning系统提供与学习相关的学习者信息。建立可共享的和动态的学习者模型不仅可以增强不同E-learning系统间的互操作性,还可以了解学习者的兴趣偏好和学习进度,为个性化教学提供重要参考依据。本文提出了一种学习者模型,包括静态信息、动态信息、稳定信息和评测信息四个部分,最后给出了学习者参数文件的XML模式定义。
     (3)教学推理机设计
     本部分主要内容是学习序列的生成算法。本文将解释结构模型法的原理应用于学习序列的生成,并将学习序列作为个性化学习内容生成方法的依据。
     本文研究的目的在于为个性化的E-learning系统的实施提供方法和依据,满足不断发展的网络教学的需求。
Applications of multimedia technology and network technology in education domain have brought profound revolutions to patterns, methods and means of education. As a new form of education pattern, network education (E-learning) begins to be widely applied. E-learning is a new pattern which combines modern information technology and teaching theory, and is built on network environment. Learners can study in a virtual classroom. E-learning breaks the time and regional limitation by fully using different kinds of education resources for teaching activity.
     However, standards for resource organization are not unified and personalized is simplified in the current E-learning system. So the sharing and reusing of resources becomes difficult. A solution for personalized E-learning system is presented on the basis of three related stands. The solution consists of three main components: resource repository design, learner model design and teaching reasoning design.
     (1) The Design of Educational Resource Repository
     Educational resource repository is the fundamental part in the E-learning system, which supports the classification, organization, mark and packaging of the educational resources. This design is based on the learning object theory of ADL (Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative). Referring to the Content Aggregation model of ADL SCORM, the method for resource organization is presented. Referring to the Chinese metadata model of educational resource, the method for resource mark is presented. Referring to the content packaging specification of IMS, the method for resource packaging is presented. Based on the three kinds of standards, analysis and designs of resource organization are presented. In this thesis XML Schema definition of metadata model and the list of resource content are presented as the result of work.
     (2) The Design of Learner Model
     Learner model can provide important information related with learning for the personalized teaching system. Establishing a sharable and dynamic learner model can strengthen mutually operation of E-learning systems, raise the share of data and cut down needless repetition, and it can provide scientific basis for personalized teaching. In this thesis the model of learner is presented consisting of static information, dynamic information, steady information and examination information. The XML Schema definition of learner model is presented as the result of work.
     (3) The Design of Teaching Reasoning
     Teaching reasoning mainly consists of Learning Sequence Generation Algorithm. In this thesis the method for the generation of learning sequence is presented based on the Interpretative Structural Modeling Method of IMS.
     The purpose of this study is to provide a method and a bais for the realization of a personalized E-learning system ,meet the requirements of the developing E-learning system.

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