黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司竞争力评价研究
|
摘要
伴随着黄骅港规模的扩大,黄骅港将逐渐由单一性的煤炭出口港向综合性大港发展,黄骅港的大踏步发展,为船代企业的发展带来前所未有的上升空间,船代企业的业务范围也将随之扩展,企业稳定性逐渐加强,因此,在黄骅港快速发展的机遇下,船代企业竞争力的研究迫在眉睫,需针对企业竞争力的特点制定发展战略,以求得企业的快速发展。
目前,黄骅港船代市场竞争激烈,已注册的船代企业有30多家,且存在着价格的恶性竞争等问题,黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司作为黄骅港老牌的船代企业如何在激烈的竞争环境中准确的评价自身所处的位置及竞争能力的强弱、发现公司存在的不足之处,并针对不足提出有效的解决策略是摆在黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司面前的首要问题。
本文从黄骅港的发展现状出发,预测黄骅港未来的发展趋势,分析黄骅港现有船代企业的发展情况,提出黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司所面临的船代企业间的竞争态势；简要概述企业竞争力的评价方法和评价模型的基本理论,在充分分析各评价方法的优劣势后确定使用层次分析及灰色综合评价的组合方法作黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司的竞争力评价研究；通过对黄骅港船代企业的发展状况研究,确定黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司竞争力的主要影响因素及横向比较的其他五家船代企业,并建立评价指标体系,通过建立层次分析-灰色综合评价法的评价模型,对该公司做竞争力的综合评价研究,结果显示：黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司在综合竞争力排名中仅次于黄骅港外轮代理有限公司排在第二位,主要的不足之处在于价格竞争力、员工专业化水平和市场适应能力方面,其他方面均有着明显的竞争优势。本文的最后针对该公司的不足之处提出提高黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司竞争力的主要措施,希望在最短的时间内实现竞争力的显著提高。
With the expansion of Huanghua Port, it will gradually develop from the unity coal port to the integrated port. Great strides development of Huanghua Port will bring an unprecedented development for the shipping agency companies in space and behalf, business scope of shipping agency companies will also expand subsequently, and corporate stability will be gradually strengthening. So it is very urgent for the research on competitiveness of shipping companies, and it is also necessary to make befitting development strategies aimed at the characteristic of shipping agency companies to promote these companies'development within the opportunity of rapid development of Huanghua Port.
Currently, the Shipping Agency market of Huanghua Port is more competitive, there have been more than 30 registered shipping agency companies, and there also exists vicious price competition and other issues. As an old shipping agency company, Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd. is being in the fierce competition, it is the first question for the company how to evaluate it's competitive position, strengths and weaknesses accurately, and how to propose effective solution strategies for the weaknesses.
This article begins from the current development of Huanghua Port, predicts the future trends, analyzes the development situations of existing shipping agency companies in Huanghua Port, raises the competitive situation between shipping agencies what is faced to Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd.. This article also briefly presents evaluation methods and its basic theory on the business competitive, it decides to use the analytic hierarchy process and grey comprehensive evaluation to finish the evaluation research on the Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd. based on the strengths and weaknesses of these methods. Through the competitive evaluation studies of Huanghua Port shipping agency companies to determine the main affecting competitiveness factors for the Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd., and to establish evaluation index system with the horizontal comparison of the other five shipping agency companies. Through the establishment of the analytic hierarchy process and grey comprehensive evaluation method to do a comprehensive evaluation of competitiveness, the results show: Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd. ranks the second in the overall competitiveness following the Huanghua Port Ocean Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd., the main shortcomings is the price competitiveness, professional levels of the employees and market adaptability, the other parts have a distinct competitive advantage. In the end this article proposes the main competitive measures for the inadequacies of the Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co., Ltd. that hopes to achieve competitiveness improved significantly in the shortest time.
目前,黄骅港船代市场竞争激烈,已注册的船代企业有30多家,且存在着价格的恶性竞争等问题,黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司作为黄骅港老牌的船代企业如何在激烈的竞争环境中准确的评价自身所处的位置及竞争能力的强弱、发现公司存在的不足之处,并针对不足提出有效的解决策略是摆在黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司面前的首要问题。
本文从黄骅港的发展现状出发,预测黄骅港未来的发展趋势,分析黄骅港现有船代企业的发展情况,提出黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司所面临的船代企业间的竞争态势；简要概述企业竞争力的评价方法和评价模型的基本理论,在充分分析各评价方法的优劣势后确定使用层次分析及灰色综合评价的组合方法作黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司的竞争力评价研究；通过对黄骅港船代企业的发展状况研究,确定黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司竞争力的主要影响因素及横向比较的其他五家船代企业,并建立评价指标体系,通过建立层次分析-灰色综合评价法的评价模型,对该公司做竞争力的综合评价研究,结果显示：黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司在综合竞争力排名中仅次于黄骅港外轮代理有限公司排在第二位,主要的不足之处在于价格竞争力、员工专业化水平和市场适应能力方面,其他方面均有着明显的竞争优势。本文的最后针对该公司的不足之处提出提高黄骅港中海船务代理有限公司竞争力的主要措施,希望在最短的时间内实现竞争力的显著提高。
With the expansion of Huanghua Port, it will gradually develop from the unity coal port to the integrated port. Great strides development of Huanghua Port will bring an unprecedented development for the shipping agency companies in space and behalf, business scope of shipping agency companies will also expand subsequently, and corporate stability will be gradually strengthening. So it is very urgent for the research on competitiveness of shipping companies, and it is also necessary to make befitting development strategies aimed at the characteristic of shipping agency companies to promote these companies'development within the opportunity of rapid development of Huanghua Port.
Currently, the Shipping Agency market of Huanghua Port is more competitive, there have been more than 30 registered shipping agency companies, and there also exists vicious price competition and other issues. As an old shipping agency company, Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd. is being in the fierce competition, it is the first question for the company how to evaluate it's competitive position, strengths and weaknesses accurately, and how to propose effective solution strategies for the weaknesses.
This article begins from the current development of Huanghua Port, predicts the future trends, analyzes the development situations of existing shipping agency companies in Huanghua Port, raises the competitive situation between shipping agencies what is faced to Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd.. This article also briefly presents evaluation methods and its basic theory on the business competitive, it decides to use the analytic hierarchy process and grey comprehensive evaluation to finish the evaluation research on the Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd. based on the strengths and weaknesses of these methods. Through the competitive evaluation studies of Huanghua Port shipping agency companies to determine the main affecting competitiveness factors for the Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd., and to establish evaluation index system with the horizontal comparison of the other five shipping agency companies. Through the establishment of the analytic hierarchy process and grey comprehensive evaluation method to do a comprehensive evaluation of competitiveness, the results show: Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd. ranks the second in the overall competitiveness following the Huanghua Port Ocean Shipping Agency Co.,Ltd., the main shortcomings is the price competitiveness, professional levels of the employees and market adaptability, the other parts have a distinct competitive advantage. In the end this article proposes the main competitive measures for the inadequacies of the Huanghua Port China Shipping Agency Co., Ltd. that hopes to achieve competitiveness improved significantly in the shortest time.
引文
[1]穆建华.对WTO后中国船代业发展的探讨.沿海企业与经济,2006,1：184-185.
[2]李玉栋.中海船务代理有限公司发展战略(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2006.
[3]Porter M. Competitive Advantage, Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. NY:Macmillan,1985:96-98.
[4]Slack B. Intermodal transportation in North America and the development of Inland load center. The Professional Geographer,1990,42(1):72-83.
[5]Porter M. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. NY:Simon and Sehuster,1990: 19-20.
[6]李钦.企业竞争力的理论解说.现代管理科学,2005,12：77-78.
[7]Peter Lorange. Strategies thinking in shipping companies. Maritime Policy and Management,2001,28(1):23.
[8]Panayides. Competitive strategies and organizational performance in Hip management. Maritime Policy and Management,2003,30(2):123.
[9]Tsung-Yu Chou and Gin-Shuh Liang. Application of a fuzzy multi-criteria Decision-making model for shipping company performance evaluation. Maritime Policy & management,2001,25(4):124-126.
[10]张志强,吴建中.企业竞争力及其评价.企业天地,1999,1：23-25.
[11]杨艳琴.中国服务企业竞争力的提升策略研究(硕士学位论文).郑州：郑州大学,2005.
[12]马文良.企业竞争力测量及其影响因素研究一基于中国上市公司的实证分析(硕士学位论文).复旦：复旦大学,2009.
[13]迟国泰,王际科,杜鹃.基于灰色系统理论的商业银行竞争力评价模型.控制与决策,2006,21(3)：37-39.
[14]远亚丽,程赐胜.基于改进灰色关联分析法的物流企业竞争力评价.现代物流,2007,30(4)：69-72.
[15]郑勋.船代企业的市场竞争策略分析.珠江水运,2004,6：18-19.
[16]刘桂云,蔡瑛.提高船代国际竞争力.中国水运,2003,3：6.
[17]叶佳.我国航运业的国际竞争力分析.综合运输,2005,3(7)：12-14.
[18]金从力.我国水运业上市公司竞争力的实证分析.世界海运,2003,26(5)：18.
[19]章雁,余思勤.国际航运企业竞争力实证研究.同济大学学报,2006,34(9)：125-127.
[20]孙红霞.天津外轮代理公司竞争力研究(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2010.
[21]李冬皓.外代公司行业领先战略研究(硕士学位论文).北京：对外经济贸易大学,2003.
[22]肖立新.大连中海船务代理有限公司营销策略研究(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2003.
[23]骆志月.广州中海船务代理有限公司营销策略(硕士学位论文).上海：上海海事大学,2003.
[24]王学锋,汪爱娇.国际船舶代理业务.北京：人民交通出版社,2006：53.
[25]庄玉成.浅谈中国船舶代理制度.船代点击,2001,7：35-37.
[26]http://baike.baidu.com/view/89764.htm
[27]Kolostoff, Kathryn. Core competence. Internet Week,2000,31(8):49.
[28]http://baike.baidu.com/view/638810.htm
[29]C. K. Prahalad, G. Hamel. The Core Competence of the Corporation, Harvard Business Review,1990,11(3):16.
[30]Hamel. The Competence of the Corporation. Professional Geographer,1990,3(2): 45-47.
[31]Imai M., Kaizen. The Key to Japan's Competitive Success. New York:Random House,1986.
[32]Clark, Alan. Core competences in the digital society, Adults Learning,99, 11:78.
[33]冯光谦.提升上海外代竞争力问题研究(硕士学位论文).上海：上海海事大学,2005.
[34]http://baike.baidu.com/view/174329.htm
[35]http://www.zhiyuan-shipping.com/Aboutus.asp
[36]贡艳洁.天津港集装箱码头竞争力综合评价(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2010.
[37]汪应洛.系统工程理论、方法与应用.北京：高等教育出版社,2001：174-174.
[38]崔凯杰.港口建设环境承载力评价指标体系及计算(硕士学位论文).西安：西北农林科技大学,2008.
[39]吕媛媛.我国集装箱港口效率评价研究(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2008.
[40]陈航,栾维新,王跃伟.基于聚类分析的我国港口城市类型化研究.水运工程,2008,8：66.
[41]远亚丽,程赐胜.基于改进灰色关联分析法的物流企业竞争力评价.现代物流,2008,30(4)：70.
[42]Zhang S F, Le F F, Li L H. The Application in Commercial Banks'Competitiveness Appraisal of Analytic Approach of the Level. Statistic and Decision,2003,2:61-62.
[43]郭瑞军.交通运输系统工程.北京：国防工业出版社,2008：151-152.
[44]潭跃进,陈英武,易先进.系统工程总论.北京：国防科技大学出版社,1999.
[45]Fu C Y, Zheng J S, Zhao J M, et al. Application of Gray Relational Analysis for Corrosion Failure of Oil Tubes. Corrosion Science,2001,43(5):881-889.
[46]郭瑞军.交通运输系统工程.北京：国防工业出版社,2008：162-163.
[47]姜松,周虹.基于AHP与灰色综合评价法的重庆经济发展水平综合评定.现代经济,2009,7：9-12.
[48]秦进,缪立新,陈长彬.港口可持续发展水平的多层次灰色综合评价研究.物流与采购研究,2009,45：8-11.
[49]Tan X R, Li Y G. Using Grey Relational Analysis to Analyze the Medical Data. Kybernetes,2004,33(2):355-362.
[50]魏光辉.基于熵权的灰色关联模型在水资源承载力评价中的应用.云南水力发电,2010,27(2)：4-7.
[51]孙芳芳.浅议灰色关联度分析方法及其应用.公路与管理,2010,17：364-366.
[52]罗同祯.国际船舶代理企业争食“蛋糕”.中国水运报,2005,7(6)：4.
[53]李威雁.论企业核心竞争力评价方法.现代商贸工业,2011,2：50-51.
[54]佘耀华.公司层面的核心竞争力研究(硕士学位论文).杭州：浙江大学,2001.
[55]Christopher Lovelock. Services Marketing:people, Technology, Strategy. Prentice Hall,2001,3:24-28.
[56]王中涛.中国运输服务贸易国际竞争力分析(硕士学位论文).吉林：东北师范大学,2010.
[57]刘志杰.经济危机中的船务代理行业生存与发展的研究(硕士学位论文).上海：上海交通大学,2010.
[58]Shostack, G. Lynn. Service Positioning Through Structural Change. Journal of Marketing,1987,51(1):34-43.
[59]董仁柱.国际船舶代理企业服务水平的评价.中国水运,2010,10(7)：76-77.
[60]潘文权.国际船帕代理服务柔性的研究.中国储运,2009,4(12)：65-68.
[61]James L. Heskett. Controlling Customer Logistics Service. International Journal of physical Distribution & Logistics Management,1994,24(4):4-10.
[2]李玉栋.中海船务代理有限公司发展战略(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2006.
[3]Porter M. Competitive Advantage, Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. NY:Macmillan,1985:96-98.
[4]Slack B. Intermodal transportation in North America and the development of Inland load center. The Professional Geographer,1990,42(1):72-83.
[5]Porter M. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. NY:Simon and Sehuster,1990: 19-20.
[6]李钦.企业竞争力的理论解说.现代管理科学,2005,12：77-78.
[7]Peter Lorange. Strategies thinking in shipping companies. Maritime Policy and Management,2001,28(1):23.
[8]Panayides. Competitive strategies and organizational performance in Hip management. Maritime Policy and Management,2003,30(2):123.
[9]Tsung-Yu Chou and Gin-Shuh Liang. Application of a fuzzy multi-criteria Decision-making model for shipping company performance evaluation. Maritime Policy & management,2001,25(4):124-126.
[10]张志强,吴建中.企业竞争力及其评价.企业天地,1999,1：23-25.
[11]杨艳琴.中国服务企业竞争力的提升策略研究(硕士学位论文).郑州：郑州大学,2005.
[12]马文良.企业竞争力测量及其影响因素研究一基于中国上市公司的实证分析(硕士学位论文).复旦：复旦大学,2009.
[13]迟国泰,王际科,杜鹃.基于灰色系统理论的商业银行竞争力评价模型.控制与决策,2006,21(3)：37-39.
[14]远亚丽,程赐胜.基于改进灰色关联分析法的物流企业竞争力评价.现代物流,2007,30(4)：69-72.
[15]郑勋.船代企业的市场竞争策略分析.珠江水运,2004,6：18-19.
[16]刘桂云,蔡瑛.提高船代国际竞争力.中国水运,2003,3：6.
[17]叶佳.我国航运业的国际竞争力分析.综合运输,2005,3(7)：12-14.
[18]金从力.我国水运业上市公司竞争力的实证分析.世界海运,2003,26(5)：18.
[19]章雁,余思勤.国际航运企业竞争力实证研究.同济大学学报,2006,34(9)：125-127.
[20]孙红霞.天津外轮代理公司竞争力研究(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2010.
[21]李冬皓.外代公司行业领先战略研究(硕士学位论文).北京：对外经济贸易大学,2003.
[22]肖立新.大连中海船务代理有限公司营销策略研究(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2003.
[23]骆志月.广州中海船务代理有限公司营销策略(硕士学位论文).上海：上海海事大学,2003.
[24]王学锋,汪爱娇.国际船舶代理业务.北京：人民交通出版社,2006：53.
[25]庄玉成.浅谈中国船舶代理制度.船代点击,2001,7：35-37.
[26]http://baike.baidu.com/view/89764.htm
[27]Kolostoff, Kathryn. Core competence. Internet Week,2000,31(8):49.
[28]http://baike.baidu.com/view/638810.htm
[29]C. K. Prahalad, G. Hamel. The Core Competence of the Corporation, Harvard Business Review,1990,11(3):16.
[30]Hamel. The Competence of the Corporation. Professional Geographer,1990,3(2): 45-47.
[31]Imai M., Kaizen. The Key to Japan's Competitive Success. New York:Random House,1986.
[32]Clark, Alan. Core competences in the digital society, Adults Learning,99, 11:78.
[33]冯光谦.提升上海外代竞争力问题研究(硕士学位论文).上海：上海海事大学,2005.
[34]http://baike.baidu.com/view/174329.htm
[35]http://www.zhiyuan-shipping.com/Aboutus.asp
[36]贡艳洁.天津港集装箱码头竞争力综合评价(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2010.
[37]汪应洛.系统工程理论、方法与应用.北京：高等教育出版社,2001：174-174.
[38]崔凯杰.港口建设环境承载力评价指标体系及计算(硕士学位论文).西安：西北农林科技大学,2008.
[39]吕媛媛.我国集装箱港口效率评价研究(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2008.
[40]陈航,栾维新,王跃伟.基于聚类分析的我国港口城市类型化研究.水运工程,2008,8：66.
[41]远亚丽,程赐胜.基于改进灰色关联分析法的物流企业竞争力评价.现代物流,2008,30(4)：70.
[42]Zhang S F, Le F F, Li L H. The Application in Commercial Banks'Competitiveness Appraisal of Analytic Approach of the Level. Statistic and Decision,2003,2:61-62.
[43]郭瑞军.交通运输系统工程.北京：国防工业出版社,2008：151-152.
[44]潭跃进,陈英武,易先进.系统工程总论.北京：国防科技大学出版社,1999.
[45]Fu C Y, Zheng J S, Zhao J M, et al. Application of Gray Relational Analysis for Corrosion Failure of Oil Tubes. Corrosion Science,2001,43(5):881-889.
[46]郭瑞军.交通运输系统工程.北京：国防工业出版社,2008：162-163.
[47]姜松,周虹.基于AHP与灰色综合评价法的重庆经济发展水平综合评定.现代经济,2009,7：9-12.
[48]秦进,缪立新,陈长彬.港口可持续发展水平的多层次灰色综合评价研究.物流与采购研究,2009,45：8-11.
[49]Tan X R, Li Y G. Using Grey Relational Analysis to Analyze the Medical Data. Kybernetes,2004,33(2):355-362.
[50]魏光辉.基于熵权的灰色关联模型在水资源承载力评价中的应用.云南水力发电,2010,27(2)：4-7.
[51]孙芳芳.浅议灰色关联度分析方法及其应用.公路与管理,2010,17：364-366.
[52]罗同祯.国际船舶代理企业争食“蛋糕”.中国水运报,2005,7(6)：4.
[53]李威雁.论企业核心竞争力评价方法.现代商贸工业,2011,2：50-51.
[54]佘耀华.公司层面的核心竞争力研究(硕士学位论文).杭州：浙江大学,2001.
[55]Christopher Lovelock. Services Marketing:people, Technology, Strategy. Prentice Hall,2001,3:24-28.
[56]王中涛.中国运输服务贸易国际竞争力分析(硕士学位论文).吉林：东北师范大学,2010.
[57]刘志杰.经济危机中的船务代理行业生存与发展的研究(硕士学位论文).上海：上海交通大学,2010.
[58]Shostack, G. Lynn. Service Positioning Through Structural Change. Journal of Marketing,1987,51(1):34-43.
[59]董仁柱.国际船舶代理企业服务水平的评价.中国水运,2010,10(7)：76-77.
[60]潘文权.国际船帕代理服务柔性的研究.中国储运,2009,4(12)：65-68.
[61]James L. Heskett. Controlling Customer Logistics Service. International Journal of physical Distribution & Logistics Management,1994,24(4):4-10.