基于差频技术及光学参量方法产生可调谐THz波的研究
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摘要
太赫兹波技术在物理、化学、生命科学等基础研究领域,以及医学成像、安全检查、产品检测、空间通信、武器制导等应用研究领域都具有十分重要的研究价值和广泛的应用前景,而太赫兹波辐射源技术的进步正是推动太赫兹技术及其相关交叉学科迅速发展的关键所在。利用非线性光学差频方法和基于晶格振动模受激电磁耦子散射过程的太赫兹参量振荡技术产生的THz波辐射,具有高能量、高相干性、单频、可宽范围调谐,以及实验装置结构简单、易于操作、可室温运转等优点,因此近十几年来倍受世界各国科研工作者青睐。而在国内,利用非线性光学方法产生THz波辐射的研究仍处于起步阶段,对其相关理论和实验的研究鲜有报道。
本论文的主要研究内容和创新点如下:
1.实验研究了近简并点双共振KTP-OPO的可调谐双波长输出特性;对剩余射线带色散补偿相位匹配原理进行了理论介绍,并利用此KTP-OPO的双波长输出作为差频泵浦源,理论研究了在利用光学各向同性半导体晶体差频产生可调谐THz波过程中所涉及的相位匹配问题,得到了有意义的研究结果。
2.首次根据ZnTe晶体的最佳相位匹配波段范围,搭建了双晶体KTP-OPO,获得了宽调谐范围的双波长输出,实现了高能量、高效率运转,为利用ZnTe晶体差频产生可调谐THz波辐射提供了一种行之有效的差频泵浦源。
3.对基于受激电磁耦子散射过程的太赫兹波参量发生/振荡器(TPG/TPO)的工作原理,以及不同情况下THz波在此过程中的增益、吸收特性进行了详细的理论研究和数值模拟;通过对晶格振动模的电磁耦子色散特性的研究,在国际上首次提出了一种TPO输出频率调谐方法。
4.根据由铌酸锂晶体组成的TPG的实验结果,对TPO进行了实验研究,通过角度调谐获得了相干窄带、连续可调谐的高能量Stokes光输出,这就意味着同时产生了相干可调谐的THz波辐射。除此之外,还发现了明显的二阶Stokes光调谐输出相干散射现象。
5.理论设计了可应用于THz波段的相位型菲涅耳波带片,提供了一种会聚THz波的有效手段。
The terahertz technique has attracted much attention from a variety of applications in fundamental and applied research field, such as physics, chemistry, life sciences, medical imaging, safety inspection, radio astronomy, modern communication, weapon guidance and so on. The technological progress of terahertz radiation source plays an important role in promoting the development of various terahertz technique and the related cross subjects. The generation of high-power, coherent, widely tunable, narrow-band terahertz wave, based on the process of the difference frequency generation and the stimulated polariton scattering in a polar crystal respectively, is expected to provide a promising terahertz radiation source with the obvious and exclusive advantages of compactness, simplicity for tuning, operation at room temperature and so on, which causes great research interest among the researchers all over the world. However, the research of this potential THz-wave generation technique is still in its infancy, and few relevant theoretical or experimental studies were reported in the domestic fields in recent years.
The main contents and key creation points of this dissertation are as follows:
1. A high-power, narrow-linewidth, angle-tuned pulsed dual-wavelength KTP-OPO operating near the degenerate point is experimentally demonstrated. The theoretical investigation of the phase-matching properties for the tunable coherent terahertz wave generation in the isotropic semiconductor nonlinear materials is presented, based on the dual-wavelength KTP-OPO mentioned above in the process of the difference frequency generation (DFG). The cross-Reststrahlen band dispersion compensation phase-matching technique involved in this interaction is introduced theoretically.
2. According to the perfectly phase-matched wavelength range of the ZnTe crystal, we successfully showed a high-power, narrow linewidth, widely tunable, dual-wavelength KTP-OPO with two KTP crystals for the first time, which can be used as one of the most potential pump sources for the THz-wave DFG.
3. The principle of operation of terahertz-wave parametric generation or oscillator (TPG / TPO) via the stimulated polariton scattering process is theoretically introduced in detail. The properties of THz-wave gain and absorption under different conditions in this process is presented. According to the investigation of the dispersion properties of the polariton in the polar crystal, a novel frequency tuning technique for TPO is reported for the first time.
4. According to the experimental results of TPG using LiNbO3, a high-power, coherent tunable Stokes light is obtained in the TPO experiments, which means that the tunable, coherent THz-wave radiation with high power is also generated. The phenomenon of the coherent tunable second-order Stokes light scattering is also observed.
5. The phase-correcting Fresnel zone plate used in the terahertz region is designed, which provided an efficient lens-like focusing means of THz-wave radiation.
本论文的主要研究内容和创新点如下:
1.实验研究了近简并点双共振KTP-OPO的可调谐双波长输出特性;对剩余射线带色散补偿相位匹配原理进行了理论介绍,并利用此KTP-OPO的双波长输出作为差频泵浦源,理论研究了在利用光学各向同性半导体晶体差频产生可调谐THz波过程中所涉及的相位匹配问题,得到了有意义的研究结果。
2.首次根据ZnTe晶体的最佳相位匹配波段范围,搭建了双晶体KTP-OPO,获得了宽调谐范围的双波长输出,实现了高能量、高效率运转,为利用ZnTe晶体差频产生可调谐THz波辐射提供了一种行之有效的差频泵浦源。
3.对基于受激电磁耦子散射过程的太赫兹波参量发生/振荡器(TPG/TPO)的工作原理,以及不同情况下THz波在此过程中的增益、吸收特性进行了详细的理论研究和数值模拟;通过对晶格振动模的电磁耦子色散特性的研究,在国际上首次提出了一种TPO输出频率调谐方法。
4.根据由铌酸锂晶体组成的TPG的实验结果,对TPO进行了实验研究,通过角度调谐获得了相干窄带、连续可调谐的高能量Stokes光输出,这就意味着同时产生了相干可调谐的THz波辐射。除此之外,还发现了明显的二阶Stokes光调谐输出相干散射现象。
5.理论设计了可应用于THz波段的相位型菲涅耳波带片,提供了一种会聚THz波的有效手段。
The terahertz technique has attracted much attention from a variety of applications in fundamental and applied research field, such as physics, chemistry, life sciences, medical imaging, safety inspection, radio astronomy, modern communication, weapon guidance and so on. The technological progress of terahertz radiation source plays an important role in promoting the development of various terahertz technique and the related cross subjects. The generation of high-power, coherent, widely tunable, narrow-band terahertz wave, based on the process of the difference frequency generation and the stimulated polariton scattering in a polar crystal respectively, is expected to provide a promising terahertz radiation source with the obvious and exclusive advantages of compactness, simplicity for tuning, operation at room temperature and so on, which causes great research interest among the researchers all over the world. However, the research of this potential THz-wave generation technique is still in its infancy, and few relevant theoretical or experimental studies were reported in the domestic fields in recent years.
The main contents and key creation points of this dissertation are as follows:
1. A high-power, narrow-linewidth, angle-tuned pulsed dual-wavelength KTP-OPO operating near the degenerate point is experimentally demonstrated. The theoretical investigation of the phase-matching properties for the tunable coherent terahertz wave generation in the isotropic semiconductor nonlinear materials is presented, based on the dual-wavelength KTP-OPO mentioned above in the process of the difference frequency generation (DFG). The cross-Reststrahlen band dispersion compensation phase-matching technique involved in this interaction is introduced theoretically.
2. According to the perfectly phase-matched wavelength range of the ZnTe crystal, we successfully showed a high-power, narrow linewidth, widely tunable, dual-wavelength KTP-OPO with two KTP crystals for the first time, which can be used as one of the most potential pump sources for the THz-wave DFG.
3. The principle of operation of terahertz-wave parametric generation or oscillator (TPG / TPO) via the stimulated polariton scattering process is theoretically introduced in detail. The properties of THz-wave gain and absorption under different conditions in this process is presented. According to the investigation of the dispersion properties of the polariton in the polar crystal, a novel frequency tuning technique for TPO is reported for the first time.
4. According to the experimental results of TPG using LiNbO3, a high-power, coherent tunable Stokes light is obtained in the TPO experiments, which means that the tunable, coherent THz-wave radiation with high power is also generated. The phenomenon of the coherent tunable second-order Stokes light scattering is also observed.
5. The phase-correcting Fresnel zone plate used in the terahertz region is designed, which provided an efficient lens-like focusing means of THz-wave radiation.
引文
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