船载移动卫星电视系统控制技术及实现研究
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摘要
随着经济全球化和信息化的发展，人们对移动中通过卫星网络接收卫星电视节目、进行电信通信和接入互联网Internet的需求越来越大。移动卫星多媒体系统正是这种需求的产物，它由移动卫星电视系统(Satvision)、移动卫星网络接入系统(Satnet)、移动卫星通信系统(Satcom)组成，本文研究的移动卫星电视系统是其中之一。在内陆江河湖泊和宽广无垠的海洋上，电视节目只能通过卫星接收和发送，船运业、海上石油勘测和钻探等对船载移动卫星电视系统的需求十分迫切。移动卫星电视系统的本质和核心是一个天线自动跟踪系统。
论文从工程应用出发，首先介绍了天线自动跟踪系统的数学基础，然后对天线跟踪技术作一个概述，分析了各种跟踪技术的优缺点，并对本项目采用的圆锥扫描跟踪进行了详细的介绍。
论文随后简单介绍了系统的结构和组成系统的硬件，本文的中心工作是得到快速、准确的控制算法，满足系统的各项技术指标。通过数据分析，得到了天线位置与信标信号强度关系模型，并根据此模型确定了控制算法。样机系统的调试和工作证明该算法是可行和有效的。
最后，针对系统调试和工作过程中出现的问题，论文提出了下一步工作方向。
Along with the economic globalization and the information, people require much to receive satellite TV program, make telecommunication and access to the Internet in the mobile status by means of the satellite net. This requirement derives the mobile satellite multimedia system, which is composed by the mobile satellite TV system (Satision), the mobile satellite net system (Satnet) and the mobile satellite communication system (Satcom). The Satvision system is been studied in this paper.
On the river, the lake and the vast ocean , TV program can only be received by the satellite antenna. And so the ship industry and the oil platform urgently require this service on the ocean , that is the mobile Satellite TV Receiving System on the ship. The auto-tracing antenna system is the heart of this system.
Based on the engineering application, this paper firstly introduces the mathematics foundation of the antenna-tracing system, and then summarizes the trace technique, analyzes the strongpoint and the disadvantage of them, especially the taper-scanning trace technique.
This paper briefly introduces the architecture and the hardware of the real system .As its task is to get a rapid、accurate control arithmetic, which meets the design specification, this paper analyzes the satellite signal data , then finds the relation model of the antenna position and satellite signal strength. The system proves that the control arithmetic is available and valid during the debugging and the working.
At last, this paper discusses some problems of the system and points out the next step of the work.
论文从工程应用出发，首先介绍了天线自动跟踪系统的数学基础，然后对天线跟踪技术作一个概述，分析了各种跟踪技术的优缺点，并对本项目采用的圆锥扫描跟踪进行了详细的介绍。
论文随后简单介绍了系统的结构和组成系统的硬件，本文的中心工作是得到快速、准确的控制算法，满足系统的各项技术指标。通过数据分析，得到了天线位置与信标信号强度关系模型，并根据此模型确定了控制算法。样机系统的调试和工作证明该算法是可行和有效的。
最后，针对系统调试和工作过程中出现的问题，论文提出了下一步工作方向。
Along with the economic globalization and the information, people require much to receive satellite TV program, make telecommunication and access to the Internet in the mobile status by means of the satellite net. This requirement derives the mobile satellite multimedia system, which is composed by the mobile satellite TV system (Satision), the mobile satellite net system (Satnet) and the mobile satellite communication system (Satcom). The Satvision system is been studied in this paper.
On the river, the lake and the vast ocean , TV program can only be received by the satellite antenna. And so the ship industry and the oil platform urgently require this service on the ocean , that is the mobile Satellite TV Receiving System on the ship. The auto-tracing antenna system is the heart of this system.
Based on the engineering application, this paper firstly introduces the mathematics foundation of the antenna-tracing system, and then summarizes the trace technique, analyzes the strongpoint and the disadvantage of them, especially the taper-scanning trace technique.
This paper briefly introduces the architecture and the hardware of the real system .As its task is to get a rapid、accurate control arithmetic, which meets the design specification, this paper analyzes the satellite signal data , then finds the relation model of the antenna position and satellite signal strength. The system proves that the control arithmetic is available and valid during the debugging and the working.
At last, this paper discusses some problems of the system and points out the next step of the work.
引文
[1] 周京平，马致远，信息高速公路和卫星通信对信息社会的影响，情报科学，1999.1,Vol.17,No.1,p50-p52.
[2] 王明忠，卫星通信的未来发展，上海航天，2000,No.3,p54-p59.
[3] 胡光镇，卫星通信系统的发展前景，世界科技研究与发展，2000,Vol.24 No.5,p11-p14.
[4] 陈世平，二十一世纪卫星通信展望，中国空间科学技术，1996.12(6),p39-p44.
[5] 星星，卫星通信、互联网络和信息高速公路，航天技术与民品，1999.6,p11-p13.
[6] 北方波尔科技有限公司，产品介绍，2002.
[7] 滕云鹤，毛献辉，等，移动卫星通信捷联式天线稳定系统，宇航学报，2002.9,Vol.23 No.5,p72-p75.
[8] 赵会平，移动接收卫星电视的天线自动跟踪系统，西部广播电视，2002,No.3,p7-p10.
[9] TELE-satellite International Magazine，Satellite Accessories MediaCom MCI-TV60，http://www.tele-satellite.com/TSI/02/07/mediacom/,2002,No.7.
[10] 北京航天天达卫星应用技术有限公司，产品介绍，2002.
[11] Yilin Zhao，Vehicle Location and Navigation Systems， Artech House，Ihc Beston，London, p43-p78 .
[12] 斯国新，卫星通信系统[M],北京 ，中国宇航出版社，1993.7,p27~p30.
[13] 以光衡，惯性导航原理[Ｍ].北京:北京航空工业出版社,1987.
[14] 重庆航天卫星应用技术有限责任公司，技术资料，2001.
[15] 董绪荣 张守信，等，CPS/TNS组合导航定位及其应用[M]，北京:国防工业出版社，2000.
[16] 吕洪生 杨新德, 实用卫星通信工程[M]，北京：人民邮电出版社，1994.
[17] 陈洪，航天测控飞机卫星移动通信天线跟踪技术的分析研究，军事通信技术，2001.3,Vol.22 No.1,p26-p30.
[18] 重庆航天卫星应用技术有限责任公司, 海洋轮收视系统实施方案,2002.
[19] Heneywell Corporation，HMR3000 Digital Compass Module User's Guide，2000.
[20] KVH Industries，Inc，KVH E-Core 1000 Fiber Optic Gyro Technical manual，1999.
[21] 谢列金, 激光陀螺及其应用[M]，北京：航天工业出版社，1992.
[22]牟琼，光纤陀螺的研究现状与发展趋势，半导体光电，1994.6,Vol.15,No.2,p112-p115.
[23] CrossBow Corporation，CXTILT02EC User’s Guide，2000.
[24] Garmin Corporation ，GPS 25 LP SERIES TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION，2000.
[25] 成都步进电机有限公司，DMC300运动控制卡用户手册，2001.
[26] 重庆航天卫星应用技术有限责任公司，硬件技术资料，2002.
[27] 松下公司，伺服电机用户手册，2001.
[28] 松下公司，驱动组合用户手册，2001.
[29] 沈民宜,蔡振远.卫星通信天线、馈源、跟踪系统[M].北京:人民出电出版社,1993.
[30] 孙枫，袁赣南，等，组合导航系统[Ｍ]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社，1996.
[31] 郝燕玲 乐慧康, 导航微机系统及软件设计[M], 哈尔滨:哈尔滨船舶工程学院出社,1992.
[32] 谢处方，天线原理与设计 [M]，西安： 西安电子科技大学出版，1985.
[33] 田景文，张百双等，GPS在石油勘探开发中的应用，石油仪器，2000.3(14),p22-p25.
[34] 韦和民，俞军，船用卫星天线自动跟踪控制系统，电子技术应用，1997(6),p37-p38.
[35] 曾金荣，曾进松，船摇扰动和雷达天线两轴稳定系统，雷达与对抗，1995(2),p28-p32.
[36] 李文明，一种新型Ku波段车载卫星通信地球站，现代雷达，2000.4(2),p43-p48.
[37] 卢大伟,刘炳云,等，基于姿态测量的卫星地球站天线跟踪系统，测控技术，2001,Vol.20, No.4,p3-p5.
[38] 朱麟章，蒙建波，检测理论及其应用，机械工业出版社，1997.
[39] 蒙建波，梁锡昌，机械智能学，重庆出版社，1997.
[40] Koutsopoulos, I., Constantinou, P., Joint channel estimation and satellite antenna power control in mobile satellite networks using ray tracing，Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings, VTC 2000-Spring Tokyo. 2000 IEEE 51st , Vol. 2 , 2000,p1586 -p1590.
[41] Lai,K.,Cherniakov,M.,Ray-tracing model of satellite to aircraft communication in aeronautical satellite communication system,TENCON 99. Proceedings of the IEEE Region 10 Conference , 1999,Vol.1: p558 -p560.
[42] Migliozzi, M.; Parini, C.; Rayner, M.,A new efficient method for the analysis of the far field of a satellite Earth station antenna in the presence of near field obstacles,Antennas and Propagation, 2001. Eleventh International Conference, Vol.1 , 2001,p361 -p364
[43] Oestges, C.,Vanhoenacker-Janvier, D., Physical-statistical prediction of performance for land mobile satellite communication systems,Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, IEEE roceedings, Vol.146,NO.5 , Oct 1999,p362 -p368.
[44] Oestges, C.,Saunders, S.R., Vanhoenacker-Janvier, D., Physical statistical modelling of the land mobile satellite channel based on ray tracing,Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Proceedings , Vol.146 No.1 , Feb 1999,p45 -p49.
[45] Ramesh, R.,Availability calculations for mobile satellite communication systems,Vehicular Technology Conference, 1996. 'Mobile Technology for the Human Race'., IEEE 46th , Vol.2 , Apr-1 May 1996,p1033 -p1037.
[46] Phillips, K.P.,An overview of propagation factors influencing the design of mobile satellite
communication systems,Antennas and Propagation, Tenth International Conference,Vol.1, Apr 1997,p261 -p268 .
[47] Smith, H., Renduchintala, V.S.M., Gardiner, J.G.,Service provision to land mobile radio units in northern latitudes by a satellite in a non-geostationary orbit-propagation studies,Mobile Radio and Personal Communications, 1989., Fifth International Conference , Dec 1989,p187 -p192.
[48] Narenthiran, K., Tafazolli, R., Evans, B.G.; New methodology for defining fixed location area in mobile satellite communication systems,Vehicular Technology Conference, 2001. VTC 2001 Fall. IEEE VTS 54th , Vol.1 , 2001,p315 -p317 .
[49] Mishima, H.,Satoh, K.; Hagiwara, E., Multi-beam mobile satellite communications systems.
Communications, 1988. ICC 88. Digital Technology - Spanning the Universe. Conference Record. IEEE International Conference , Jun 1988,p1100 -p1104 .
[50] Jellett, S.T., Bialkowski, M.E., A vehicle mounted Mobilesat antenna system for Australia,
Microwave Systems Conference, 1995. Conference Proceedings,IEEE NTC '95,May 1995,p225 -p228
[51] Taira,S.,Takeda,O.,Okamoto,T.,Otsu,Y., A dynamic channel assignment strategy for the on-board processor in the mobile satellite communications system,Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,PIMRC'96,Seventh IEEE International Symposium,Vol,2,Oct 1996,p432 -p436.
[2] 王明忠，卫星通信的未来发展，上海航天，2000,No.3,p54-p59.
[3] 胡光镇，卫星通信系统的发展前景，世界科技研究与发展，2000,Vol.24 No.5,p11-p14.
[4] 陈世平，二十一世纪卫星通信展望，中国空间科学技术，1996.12(6),p39-p44.
[5] 星星，卫星通信、互联网络和信息高速公路，航天技术与民品，1999.6,p11-p13.
[6] 北方波尔科技有限公司，产品介绍，2002.
[7] 滕云鹤，毛献辉，等，移动卫星通信捷联式天线稳定系统，宇航学报，2002.9,Vol.23 No.5,p72-p75.
[8] 赵会平，移动接收卫星电视的天线自动跟踪系统，西部广播电视，2002,No.3,p7-p10.
[9] TELE-satellite International Magazine，Satellite Accessories MediaCom MCI-TV60，http://www.tele-satellite.com/TSI/02/07/mediacom/,2002,No.7.
[10] 北京航天天达卫星应用技术有限公司，产品介绍，2002.
[11] Yilin Zhao，Vehicle Location and Navigation Systems， Artech House，Ihc Beston，London, p43-p78 .
[12] 斯国新，卫星通信系统[M],北京 ，中国宇航出版社，1993.7,p27~p30.
[13] 以光衡，惯性导航原理[Ｍ].北京:北京航空工业出版社,1987.
[14] 重庆航天卫星应用技术有限责任公司，技术资料，2001.
[15] 董绪荣 张守信，等，CPS/TNS组合导航定位及其应用[M]，北京:国防工业出版社，2000.
[16] 吕洪生 杨新德, 实用卫星通信工程[M]，北京：人民邮电出版社，1994.
[17] 陈洪，航天测控飞机卫星移动通信天线跟踪技术的分析研究，军事通信技术，2001.3,Vol.22 No.1,p26-p30.
[18] 重庆航天卫星应用技术有限责任公司, 海洋轮收视系统实施方案,2002.
[19] Heneywell Corporation，HMR3000 Digital Compass Module User's Guide，2000.
[20] KVH Industries，Inc，KVH E-Core 1000 Fiber Optic Gyro Technical manual，1999.
[21] 谢列金, 激光陀螺及其应用[M]，北京：航天工业出版社，1992.
[22]牟琼，光纤陀螺的研究现状与发展趋势，半导体光电，1994.6,Vol.15,No.2,p112-p115.
[23] CrossBow Corporation，CXTILT02EC User’s Guide，2000.
[24] Garmin Corporation ，GPS 25 LP SERIES TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION，2000.
[25] 成都步进电机有限公司，DMC300运动控制卡用户手册，2001.
[26] 重庆航天卫星应用技术有限责任公司，硬件技术资料，2002.
[27] 松下公司，伺服电机用户手册，2001.
[28] 松下公司，驱动组合用户手册，2001.
[29] 沈民宜,蔡振远.卫星通信天线、馈源、跟踪系统[M].北京:人民出电出版社,1993.
[30] 孙枫，袁赣南，等，组合导航系统[Ｍ]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社，1996.
[31] 郝燕玲 乐慧康, 导航微机系统及软件设计[M], 哈尔滨:哈尔滨船舶工程学院出社,1992.
[32] 谢处方，天线原理与设计 [M]，西安： 西安电子科技大学出版，1985.
[33] 田景文，张百双等，GPS在石油勘探开发中的应用，石油仪器，2000.3(14),p22-p25.
[34] 韦和民，俞军，船用卫星天线自动跟踪控制系统，电子技术应用，1997(6),p37-p38.
[35] 曾金荣，曾进松，船摇扰动和雷达天线两轴稳定系统，雷达与对抗，1995(2),p28-p32.
[36] 李文明，一种新型Ku波段车载卫星通信地球站，现代雷达，2000.4(2),p43-p48.
[37] 卢大伟,刘炳云,等，基于姿态测量的卫星地球站天线跟踪系统，测控技术，2001,Vol.20, No.4,p3-p5.
[38] 朱麟章，蒙建波，检测理论及其应用，机械工业出版社，1997.
[39] 蒙建波，梁锡昌，机械智能学，重庆出版社，1997.
[40] Koutsopoulos, I., Constantinou, P., Joint channel estimation and satellite antenna power control in mobile satellite networks using ray tracing，Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings, VTC 2000-Spring Tokyo. 2000 IEEE 51st , Vol. 2 , 2000,p1586 -p1590.
[41] Lai,K.,Cherniakov,M.,Ray-tracing model of satellite to aircraft communication in aeronautical satellite communication system,TENCON 99. Proceedings of the IEEE Region 10 Conference , 1999,Vol.1: p558 -p560.
[42] Migliozzi, M.; Parini, C.; Rayner, M.,A new efficient method for the analysis of the far field of a satellite Earth station antenna in the presence of near field obstacles,Antennas and Propagation, 2001. Eleventh International Conference, Vol.1 , 2001,p361 -p364
[43] Oestges, C.,Vanhoenacker-Janvier, D., Physical-statistical prediction of performance for land mobile satellite communication systems,Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, IEEE roceedings, Vol.146,NO.5 , Oct 1999,p362 -p368.
[44] Oestges, C.,Saunders, S.R., Vanhoenacker-Janvier, D., Physical statistical modelling of the land mobile satellite channel based on ray tracing,Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Proceedings , Vol.146 No.1 , Feb 1999,p45 -p49.
[45] Ramesh, R.,Availability calculations for mobile satellite communication systems,Vehicular Technology Conference, 1996. 'Mobile Technology for the Human Race'., IEEE 46th , Vol.2 , Apr-1 May 1996,p1033 -p1037.
[46] Phillips, K.P.,An overview of propagation factors influencing the design of mobile satellite
communication systems,Antennas and Propagation, Tenth International Conference,Vol.1, Apr 1997,p261 -p268 .
[47] Smith, H., Renduchintala, V.S.M., Gardiner, J.G.,Service provision to land mobile radio units in northern latitudes by a satellite in a non-geostationary orbit-propagation studies,Mobile Radio and Personal Communications, 1989., Fifth International Conference , Dec 1989,p187 -p192.
[48] Narenthiran, K., Tafazolli, R., Evans, B.G.; New methodology for defining fixed location area in mobile satellite communication systems,Vehicular Technology Conference, 2001. VTC 2001 Fall. IEEE VTS 54th , Vol.1 , 2001,p315 -p317 .
[49] Mishima, H.,Satoh, K.; Hagiwara, E., Multi-beam mobile satellite communications systems.
Communications, 1988. ICC 88. Digital Technology - Spanning the Universe. Conference Record. IEEE International Conference , Jun 1988,p1100 -p1104 .
[50] Jellett, S.T., Bialkowski, M.E., A vehicle mounted Mobilesat antenna system for Australia,
Microwave Systems Conference, 1995. Conference Proceedings,IEEE NTC '95,May 1995,p225 -p228
[51] Taira,S.,Takeda,O.,Okamoto,T.,Otsu,Y., A dynamic channel assignment strategy for the on-board processor in the mobile satellite communications system,Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,PIMRC'96,Seventh IEEE International Symposium,Vol,2,Oct 1996,p432 -p436.
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