快锻热工炉炉温无模型控制方法的研究
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摘要
快锻热工炉是特钢厂锻压生产线上的重要热工设备,其生产任务是将钢坯加热到锻造工艺要求的温度水平,以提高钢坯的塑性,降低其变形抗力。热工炉炉温控制质量直接关系到炉子的能耗、钢材产品质量、钢坯成材率以及整个锻压生产线的有效作业率等。因此,提高热工炉的炉温控制水平意义重大,热工炉的炉温控制技术成为当前钢铁企业及相关专家学者研究的重要课题之一。
本文以某特钢厂快锻热工炉为研究对象,结合钢厂的实际需求和快锻热工炉炉温特性,在总结借鉴以往先进技术和成功经验的基础上,研究提出了一种钢厂快锻热工炉炉温无模型控制方法。论文主要做了以下工作:
(1)在总结国内外热工炉炉温控制技术研究和应用现状的基础上,指出了热工炉炉温控制领域需要进一步研究和解决的问题。
(2)分析了快锻热工炉炉温特性及无模型控制用于热工炉炉温控制的可行性。
(3)基于快锻热工炉炉温系统多干扰和对控制精度要求高的特点,对无模型控制律基本形式做了一定改进。
(4)研究提出了基于纵向集散控制模式和横向炉温-燃烧串级方式的快锻热工炉炉温无模型控制方法,并提出研制以无模型控制方法为内核的DCS的设想。
(5)对炉温无模型控制方法进行了现场测试。测试结果表明,该方法满足生产和工艺要求,有效改善了特钢厂快锻热工炉的炉温控制质量,达到了节能减排的目的。
Quick forging thermal furnace is an important thermal equipment on forging production line in the special steel plant. Its productive task is heating billets to the required temperature of forging technology, thus increaseing billet’s plasticity and reducing its deformation resistance. The control quality of furnace temperature directly affects the energy consumption of furnace, the steel products quality, the billet yield and the operation efficiency of forging production line. So, it is of significance to improve control level of the thermal furnace temperature. Now, the control technology of thermal furnace temperature becomes to be one of the important research topics of steel enterprises and related experts.
With the quick forging thermal furnace in a steel plant as research object, and considering to the actual demand of steel plant and the temperature characteristics of thermal furnace, a model free control methord of thermal furnace temperature is proposed in this dissertation based on previous advanced technology and successful experiences. The main work of the dissertation is as follows:
(1) The problems that need to be studied and solved further in the control field of thermal furnace temperature are pointed out based on summarizing the development state of thermal furnace temperature control technology both at home and abroad.
(2) The temperature characteristics of thermal furnace and the feasibility of using model free control methord to control thermal furnace temperature are analysed.
(3) The basic form of model free control law is improved based on characteristics of thermal furnace temperature system, which contain multi-disturbance and high requirement of control precision.
(4) A model free control methord of thermal furnace temperature based on DCS architecture and temperature-combustion cascade control mode is studied and designed, and then an idea of designing a kind of DCS system with model control method as its kernel is proposed.
(5) The model free control methord of thermal furnace temperature is field-tested. The test result indicates that this methord meets the requirements of production and processes,it effectively improved control quality of the quick forging thermal furnace temperature and achieved the aim of energy saving and ejection-decreasing.
本文以某特钢厂快锻热工炉为研究对象,结合钢厂的实际需求和快锻热工炉炉温特性,在总结借鉴以往先进技术和成功经验的基础上,研究提出了一种钢厂快锻热工炉炉温无模型控制方法。论文主要做了以下工作:
(1)在总结国内外热工炉炉温控制技术研究和应用现状的基础上,指出了热工炉炉温控制领域需要进一步研究和解决的问题。
(2)分析了快锻热工炉炉温特性及无模型控制用于热工炉炉温控制的可行性。
(3)基于快锻热工炉炉温系统多干扰和对控制精度要求高的特点,对无模型控制律基本形式做了一定改进。
(4)研究提出了基于纵向集散控制模式和横向炉温-燃烧串级方式的快锻热工炉炉温无模型控制方法,并提出研制以无模型控制方法为内核的DCS的设想。
(5)对炉温无模型控制方法进行了现场测试。测试结果表明,该方法满足生产和工艺要求,有效改善了特钢厂快锻热工炉的炉温控制质量,达到了节能减排的目的。
Quick forging thermal furnace is an important thermal equipment on forging production line in the special steel plant. Its productive task is heating billets to the required temperature of forging technology, thus increaseing billet’s plasticity and reducing its deformation resistance. The control quality of furnace temperature directly affects the energy consumption of furnace, the steel products quality, the billet yield and the operation efficiency of forging production line. So, it is of significance to improve control level of the thermal furnace temperature. Now, the control technology of thermal furnace temperature becomes to be one of the important research topics of steel enterprises and related experts.
With the quick forging thermal furnace in a steel plant as research object, and considering to the actual demand of steel plant and the temperature characteristics of thermal furnace, a model free control methord of thermal furnace temperature is proposed in this dissertation based on previous advanced technology and successful experiences. The main work of the dissertation is as follows:
(1) The problems that need to be studied and solved further in the control field of thermal furnace temperature are pointed out based on summarizing the development state of thermal furnace temperature control technology both at home and abroad.
(2) The temperature characteristics of thermal furnace and the feasibility of using model free control methord to control thermal furnace temperature are analysed.
(3) The basic form of model free control law is improved based on characteristics of thermal furnace temperature system, which contain multi-disturbance and high requirement of control precision.
(4) A model free control methord of thermal furnace temperature based on DCS architecture and temperature-combustion cascade control mode is studied and designed, and then an idea of designing a kind of DCS system with model control method as its kernel is proposed.
(5) The model free control methord of thermal furnace temperature is field-tested. The test result indicates that this methord meets the requirements of production and processes,it effectively improved control quality of the quick forging thermal furnace temperature and achieved the aim of energy saving and ejection-decreasing.
引文
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[6]纪亚芳.基于PCS7的步进式加热炉燃烧控制系统设计[D].重庆:重庆大学,2009
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[8] Hyun.s.k, JungS.k, Tae.W.Y. Modeling and predictive control of a reheating furnace[C]. Proceedings of American Conrtrol Conference,Chicgao,2006,4:2725~2729
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[10] Anton J., Branislav G, Tomaz K., et al. A simulation of heat transfer during billet transport [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2002,22(l):873~883
[11] Pike,H.E.,Citron,S.J. Optimization Study of a Slab Reheating Furnaee [J]. Automatic,l990,6(1):41~50
[12]王为晓.步进式加热炉炉温的优化控制方法研究[D].辽宁:大连理工大学,2008
[13] Liu Jian, Yuan Shouqian, Li Jianguo. Prediction of end phosphorus in converter steelmaking using optimized BP network based on SPR [J]. Journal of Iron and SteelResearch, 2005, 17(3): 65~68
[14] AstromK J,HagglundT. The Future of PID Control [J]. Control Engineering Praetiee,2001,9:1163~1175
[15]杜勇刚.基于PCS7的步进式加热炉计算机控制系统的研究与应用[D].湖北:武汉科技大学,2007
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[27]卫恩泽,彭燕华.板坯加热炉控制技术现状及发展(上) [J].冶金自动化,2010,34(3): 5~9,18
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[30]李伟.无模型控制器的研究及应用[D].北京:华北电力大学,2006
[31] Han Zhigang. The progress of theory and applications for model free controller [J]. Techniques of Automation and Application, 2004,23(2):13~16
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