紫外光谱法在药物多组分同时测定及相互作用分析中的应用
|
摘要
复杂药物体系中多组分含量的同时测定是药物分析工作中经常遇到的问题。扑热息痛、咖啡因、扑尔敏分别为消炎镇痛、中枢兴奋和抗组织胺药，是复方抗感冒药物中常见的主要成分。本文以上述三药物构成的白色体系为例，研究了化学计量学-紫外分光光度法在药物多组分同时测定中的应用。紫外分光光度法结合化学计量学用于多组分的同时测定，由于方法准确、操作简单、成本低廉因而具有实际应用价值。
本文采用的方法主要有：多元线性回归（MLR）、K矩阵法、P矩阵法等多元校正法。分别用几种方法计算同一体系中各组分的含量，对比结果可知：在本文的三组分体系中，多元线性回归（MLR）、K矩阵、P矩阵法都可以用于组分的含量测定，但在体系各组分之间有干扰时，间接校正方法（K矩阵法、P矩阵法）的结果较之直接校正方法（MLR）更为可靠。而间接方法中的P矩阵法又比K矩阵法结果准确，在选择合适的波长条件下得出的结果是最佳的，扑热息痛、咖啡因、扑尔敏的平均回收率、相对标准偏差分别为：96.12%，1.41%；98.30%，1.30%；101.42，1.08%。同时，还讨论了溶剂、波长等条件对计算结果的影响，确定了适宜的测量条件。
作为药物-配体相互作用研究的一部分，本文还利用紫外分光光度法对扑热息痛-环糊精的包结作用以及扑尔敏-牛血清白蛋白的相互作用进行了研究。在水溶液中β-环糊精能够与扑热息痛发生相互作用，生成包结复合物。实验测得包结常数为4.36×102 L/mol。扑尔敏与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用符合静电模型，两者主要通过静电引力相互结合。根据该模型求得了两者的结合常数为1.32×105 L/mol，最大结合比为40（扑尔敏/BSA）。扑尔敏的浓度对该反应有显著影响，时间对反应影响较小，实验观察的温度范围(5,12,22℃)内，反应参数没有明显变化。
本文探索了一种在吸收光谱有重叠时，利用紫外光谱法分析相互作用的方法。为紫外光谱在相互作用分析中的应用提供了更为广阔的领域。
The simultaneous determination of components in multicomponent drugs is always encountered in pharmaceutical analysis. Paracetamol, Caffeine and Chlorphenamine maleate are main compositions of medicine for the cold. This paper tells the determination of each composition in the write system consists of above drugs by chemometrics and UV spectrophotometry. UV spectrophotometry combined with chemometrics to determinate multicomponent drugs is very valuable for its accuracy, simplicity and low cost.
The chemometrics methods dealt with in this article are multiple linear regression (MLR), K metric method (K) and P metric method (P). Comparing the results of each method, conclusion can be made as following: MLR, K and P are all suitable in this system, however, when multi-affect exist, indirect calibration (K, P) is better than direct calibration (MLR). And P is the best of all in this system, the mean recovery percentage and RSD of Paracetamol, Caffeine and Chlorphenamine maleate are as following, 96.12%,1.41%; 98.30%,1.30%;101.42;1.08%. Condition such as solvent and wavelength are also discussed, best condition was get.
As parts of interaction research, this article also use UV Spectroscopy to investigate the inclusion of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with paracetamol and the interaction of chlorphenamine maleate with bovine serm albumin (BSA). Method of analysis interaction by UV spectroscopy is founded when spectra overlays. Therefor broaden the area of UV spectroscopy in interaction research.
β-CD interact with paracetamol and form inclusion compound in water. The inclusion constant is 4.36×102 l/mol. The interaction of Chlorphenamine maleate with BSA belong to electrostatic model, they are combined by electrostatic attraction. According to this model, the constant is 1.32×105 l/mol, The max mol ratio is 40. The concentration of Chlorphenamine maleate has strong effect to the reaction, time has few effects, and from 5℃ to 22℃, Constant has few changes.
本文采用的方法主要有：多元线性回归（MLR）、K矩阵法、P矩阵法等多元校正法。分别用几种方法计算同一体系中各组分的含量，对比结果可知：在本文的三组分体系中，多元线性回归（MLR）、K矩阵、P矩阵法都可以用于组分的含量测定，但在体系各组分之间有干扰时，间接校正方法（K矩阵法、P矩阵法）的结果较之直接校正方法（MLR）更为可靠。而间接方法中的P矩阵法又比K矩阵法结果准确，在选择合适的波长条件下得出的结果是最佳的，扑热息痛、咖啡因、扑尔敏的平均回收率、相对标准偏差分别为：96.12%，1.41%；98.30%，1.30%；101.42，1.08%。同时，还讨论了溶剂、波长等条件对计算结果的影响，确定了适宜的测量条件。
作为药物-配体相互作用研究的一部分，本文还利用紫外分光光度法对扑热息痛-环糊精的包结作用以及扑尔敏-牛血清白蛋白的相互作用进行了研究。在水溶液中β-环糊精能够与扑热息痛发生相互作用，生成包结复合物。实验测得包结常数为4.36×102 L/mol。扑尔敏与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的相互作用符合静电模型，两者主要通过静电引力相互结合。根据该模型求得了两者的结合常数为1.32×105 L/mol，最大结合比为40（扑尔敏/BSA）。扑尔敏的浓度对该反应有显著影响，时间对反应影响较小，实验观察的温度范围(5,12,22℃)内，反应参数没有明显变化。
本文探索了一种在吸收光谱有重叠时，利用紫外光谱法分析相互作用的方法。为紫外光谱在相互作用分析中的应用提供了更为广阔的领域。
The simultaneous determination of components in multicomponent drugs is always encountered in pharmaceutical analysis. Paracetamol, Caffeine and Chlorphenamine maleate are main compositions of medicine for the cold. This paper tells the determination of each composition in the write system consists of above drugs by chemometrics and UV spectrophotometry. UV spectrophotometry combined with chemometrics to determinate multicomponent drugs is very valuable for its accuracy, simplicity and low cost.
The chemometrics methods dealt with in this article are multiple linear regression (MLR), K metric method (K) and P metric method (P). Comparing the results of each method, conclusion can be made as following: MLR, K and P are all suitable in this system, however, when multi-affect exist, indirect calibration (K, P) is better than direct calibration (MLR). And P is the best of all in this system, the mean recovery percentage and RSD of Paracetamol, Caffeine and Chlorphenamine maleate are as following, 96.12%,1.41%; 98.30%,1.30%;101.42;1.08%. Condition such as solvent and wavelength are also discussed, best condition was get.
As parts of interaction research, this article also use UV Spectroscopy to investigate the inclusion of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with paracetamol and the interaction of chlorphenamine maleate with bovine serm albumin (BSA). Method of analysis interaction by UV spectroscopy is founded when spectra overlays. Therefor broaden the area of UV spectroscopy in interaction research.
β-CD interact with paracetamol and form inclusion compound in water. The inclusion constant is 4.36×102 l/mol. The interaction of Chlorphenamine maleate with BSA belong to electrostatic model, they are combined by electrostatic attraction. According to this model, the constant is 1.32×105 l/mol, The max mol ratio is 40. The concentration of Chlorphenamine maleate has strong effect to the reaction, time has few effects, and from 5℃ to 22℃, Constant has few changes.
引文
[1] F. Salinas, J. J. Berzas Nevado and A. Espinosa Mansilla. "A New Specrtophotometric Method for Quantitative Multi-component Analysis Resolution of Mixtures of Salicyluric Acids". Talanta, 1990,37(3):347-351;
[2] J. J. Berzas Nevado, C. Guiberteau Cabanillias. "Specrtophotometric Resolution of Ternary Mixtures of Salicylaldehyde, 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde by the Derivative Ratio Spectrum-Zero Crossing Method". Talanta, 1992,39(5):547-553;
[3] 俞汝勤. 化学计量学导论. 长沙, 湖南教育出版社,1991:1-5;
[4] 梁逸曾, 俞汝勤. 分析化学手册. 第十分册, 化学计量学. 北京,化学工业出版社,2000: 195-209;
[5] 古俊, 常雁, 潘景浩. 环糊精的实际应用进展. 应用化学,1996,13(4):5-8;
[6] Roger A. Rajewski, Valention J.Stella. Pharmaceutical Applications of Cyclodextrins. 2. in Vivo Drug Delivery. J. Pharm Sci.,1996,85(11):1142-1151;
[7] Olaf H. Muller-Goymann C C. Properties and Structure of Aqueous Solutions of Hydroxypropyl-Bata-Cyclodextrin. Starch,1993,45(5):183-187;
[8] Valerian T D. Kenny B L. Introduction and General Overview of Cyclodextrins Chemistry. Chem. Rev.,1998,98(5):1741-1742;
[9] Jozsef S. Cyclodextrin:Introduction. Chem. Rev.,1998,98(5):1731-1742;
[10] Kaneto U, Fumitoshi H, Tstsumi L.. Cyclodextrin Drug Carrier Systems. Chem. Rev., 1998, 98 (5): 2045-2076;
[11] Condon R W, Muth G W. The Binding Interaction of Coomassie Blue with Proteins. Anal Biochem,1993,213(2): 407-410;
[12] 郭宗儒. 药物化学总论. 北京, 中国医药科技出版社, 1994: 22-23;
[13] 吕宝璋,卢建,安明榜. 受体学. 合肥, 安徽科学技术出版社,2000: 4-19;
[14] Ulrich K. H.. Pharmacol. Rev., 1981,33(1):17-23;
[15] Vallner J J.. Binding of Drugs by Albumin and Plasma Protein. J. Pharm. Sci., 1977, 66 (4): 447-465;
[16] Bright F. V., Betts T. A.,Lituuiler K. S.. Regenerable Fiber-Optic-Based Immunosensor. Anal. Chem., 1990,62(10):1065-1069;
[17] Lah Jurij, Maier Norbert M., Lindener Wolfgang etc.. Thermodynamics of Binding of (R)- and (S)-Dinitrobenzoyl Leucine to Cinchona Alkaloids and Their Tert-Butylcarbamate Derivatives in Methanol. J. Phy. Chem., 2001,B,105(8): 1670-1678;
Raffalli Mathieu F, Lang Matti A.. Analysis of RNA-Protein Interactions of Mouse Liver
[18] Cytochrom P4502A5 mRNA. Biochemical Journal, 1999, 339 (3): 695-703;
[19] Yashima Eiji, Tajima Teruyo, Miyauchi Noriyuko.etc. Spectroscopic Study of the Interaction Between Poly-(9-vinyladenine) and Single or Multi-strand RNA. Biopolymers 1992, 32 (7) :811-817;
[20] Vermathen Martina, Louie Elizabeth A.,Chodosh Adam B.etc.Interactions of Water-Insoluble Tetraphenyporphyrins with Micelles Probed by UV-visible and NMR Spectroscopy. Langmuir,2000,16(1):210-221;
[21] Nieuwkerk, Armanda C., Marcelis Antoniuss T. M., Sudholter, Ernst J. R..Chromophore Labeling as Tool to Study Interactions between Maleic Acid Copolymers and Ammonium Surfactants. Langmuir,1997,13(3):3325-3330;
[22] 童林荟. 环糊精化学—基础与应用. 北京,科学出版社, 2001:132-183;
[23] 刘育, 尤长城, 张衡益. 超分子化学-合成受体的分子识别与组装. 天津, 南开大学出版社, 2001: 191-215;
[24] 张崇璞,张永刚.环糊精及其包结物在药剂学上的应用.药学通报,1987,22(2):101-104;
[25] 宋乐新,孟庆金,游效曾.环糊精和环糊精包合物. 无机化学学报, 1997, 113 (4):368-374;
[26] Stadler-Szoka A, Vikmon N, Szeman J. Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry,1984,2(3/4):503-507;
[27] 张有明, 魏太保. β-环糊精对D-L酪氨酸对映体的手性识别及超分子包合物的合成. 应用化学,1998,15(6):45-48;
[28] 王烈群, 景舒, 张宏宇等. 包合物的研制及溶出速率的测定. 中国中药杂志, 1994, 25(12): 540-543;
[29] Lamcharfi E, Kunesch G, Meyer C etc. Investigation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Compounds Using FT-IR and Raman Spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta M S, 1995,51A (11):1861-1870;
[30] Divakar S, Haneswwaran M H. Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry,1997,27:113-116;
[31] 张宁, 唐世华. β-环糊精与β-萘酚包合物的紫外及荧光光谱研究. 河南科学, 2000, 18(2): 144-146;
[32] 董川,李俊芬, 双少敏等.环糊精包结物的形成及光谱表征. 光谱实验室, 2000,17(3):249-258;
[33] 李志良, 林辉概, 李梦龙等. 环糊精包含络合反应的荧光法研究. 高等学校化学学报, 1991, 12(1): 30-32;
[34] 双少敏,郭祀远,潘景浩等.相溶解度法测β-环糊精芦丁包合物形成常数.分析化学, 1998,26(5):564-567;
[35] 李培芝, 毛敏媛, 朱婷婷. 循环伏安法研究硝基药物的β-环糊精包络物. 分析化学, 1994,22(1):58-60;
[36] 杨阳,陈慧兰. β-环糊精/KI3包合物的制备及性质研究. 无机化学学报, 1999, 15(5):631-635;
[37] Benesi H A, Hildebrand J H. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949,71;
[38] Connors K A. Comprehensive Supermolecular Chemistry, Vol. 3, Cyclodextrins, chapter 6, Pergamon: Oxford, 1996:215-223;
[39] Robert E L, Chou D T, Alexander T A. Effects of Organized Media on the Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer of 10-Hydroxybenzo-Quinoline. J. Phys. Chem., 1995,99:5431-5437;
[40] 金荫昌. 分子药理学. 天津, 天津科技出版社,1989:72-94;
[41] Kubinyi H. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Vol.1: Principles and Practice, New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995, Fifth Edition;
[42] Kenneth M M Jr. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol., 1993, 3, 234-240;
[43] Colman P. Structure-based Drug Design. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol., 1994, 4, 868-874; CA ,122,711879;
[44] Greer J, Erickson J W, Baldwin J J, Varney M D. Application of the Three-dimensional Structures of Protein Target Molecules in Structure-based design. J. Med. Chem., 1994, 37, 1035-1054;
[45] Johnson M S, Srinivasan N, Sowdhamini R, Blundell T L, Crit．Knowledge-based Protein Modeling. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 1994, 29, 1-68;
[46] Kontoyianni M, Lybrand T P. Three-dimensional Models for Integral Membrane Proteins: Possibilities and Pitfalls. Perspect. Drug Discov. Des., 1993, 1, 291-300;
[47] Thornton J M, Swindells M B.. Molecular Structures in Biology. Oxford, New York, 1993;
[48] Spellmeyer D C, Swope W C. The Effect of Workstation Technology on Methods in Drug Design and Discovery. Perspect. Drug Discov. Des., 1993, 1, 359-370;
[49] Olson A J, Morris G M. Seeing Our Way to Drug Design. Perspect. Drug Discov. Des., 1993, 1, 329-344;
[50] Boyd D B, Milosevich S A F, Supercomputing and Drug Discovery Research. Perspect. Drug Discov. Des., 1993, 1, 345-358;
[51] Scatchard G., Scheinberg I. H., Armstrong, S. H., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1950, 72, 535;
[52] Pesavento M., Profumo A.. Interaction of Serum Albumin with A Sulphonated Azo Dye in Acbic Solution. Talanta, 1991, 38, 1099-1106;
[53] 魏永巨, 童沈阳, 李克安. 生物活性物质与光谱探针反应的研究-血清白蛋白与铬天青S的反应. 化学学报, 1995,53,83-89;
[54] 刘峥, 夏之宁.光谱法在分子之间相互作用研究中的应用. 激光杂志, 2001, 22(6):9-11;
[55] 沈同.生物化学. 北京, 人民教育出版社, 1980: 75-81
[56] 凌连生,杨洗,何治柯,曾云鹗. Ru(bipy)2(dppz)2+与DNA相互作用的光谱研究.分析科学学报,2001,17(1):11-15;
[57] Tysoe S A, Barker A D, Strekas T C et al. Spectroscopic Investgation of Differential Binging Models of Δ- and Λ-Ru(bipy)2(dppz)2+ with Calf Thymus DNA. J. Phys. Chem., 1993, 97: 1707-1711;
[58] 俞英,程晓伟.牛血清白蛋白与酸性品红的结合反应. 分析化学,2000,28(5): 583-586;
[59] Ghabi Habib, Dhahbi Mahmoud. Caffine-Water-Polypeptide Interaction in Aqueous Solution . Spectrochimica Acta ,part A,1999,54A(4):919-921;
[60] Ruso J M, Attwood D, Garacia M, Prieto G et al. Interaction of Amphiphilic Propranolol Hydrochloride with Haemoglobin and Albumin in Aqueous Solution. Langmuir, 2000, 16(26): 10449-10455;
[61] Lakowicz J R. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, New York: Plenum Press,1983;
[62] 陈国珍,黄贤智,郑朱梓等. 荧光分析.北京,科技出版社, 1990: 112-141;
[63] Huang C R, Milliman A, Price, H L et al. Photoemissiom Probes of Catalysis of Benzo[α] pyrene Epoxide Reactions in Complexes With Linear, Double-stranded and Closed-circular, Single-stranded DNA. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115:7794-7805;
[64] 张晓威,赵凤林,李克安. 环丙沙星与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究.高等学校化学学报,1999,20(7):1063-1067;
[65] 李东辉,叶东,朱庆枝,方莹,许金钩. 荧光各向异性法快速测定荧光标记物对蛋白质的标记比. 高等学校化学学报,1999,20(7):1055-1067;
[66] 赵雨,徐金泽,赵大庆.共振喇曼光谱研究稀土离子Er3+对肌红蛋白结构的影响. 高等学校化学学报,2000,21(12):1913-1915;
[67] Cotton T M, Kim J H, Chumanov G D. Application of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy to Biological Systems. J. Raman Spectroscopy,1991,22:729-742;
[68] Nabiev I, Chourpa I, Manfait M. Comparative Studies of Antitumor Dna Intercalating Agents, Aclacinomycin and Saintopin, by Means of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectrosscopy. J. Phys. Chem.,1994,98:1344-1350;
[69] Byler D M, Susi H. Examination of the Secondary Structure of Protein by Deconvolved FTIR Spectra. Biopolymers,1986, 25(3): 469-487;
[70] 周晓,刘世杰,陈建文等. 氯化镍对人红细胞膜损伤机理的波谱学研究.中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 1999,13(1): 25-28;
[71] 沈玉华,杨展澜,吴瑾光. 牛血清白蛋白-羟基磷灰石难溶性复合物的FT-IR光谱研究.北京大学学报,1999,35(4):431-436;
Fourest E, B Volseky. Contribution of Sulfonate grops and Alginate to Heavy Metal Biosorption
[72] by the Dry Biomass of Sargassum Fluitans. Enoiron Sci, Technol,1996,30:277-281;
[73] 韩润平,李建军,杨贯羽等. 结合重金属前后浮萍的红外光谱比较. 光谱学与光谱分析,2000,20(4):489-491;
[74] Konishi K, Takahata Y, Aida T et al, Chiral N-Substituted Porphyrins Related to Heme Inactivation Products. First Crystauographic Determination of Absolute Stereochemistry Correlation with Circular Dischroism. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115:1169-1174;
[75] 刘劲刚,叶保辉,计亮年等. Δ-和Λ-[Ru(bpy)2（HPIP）2+]两种异构体对小牛胸腺DNA不同键合速率的CD光谱证明.高等学校化学学报, 1999,20(4): 523-525;
[76] 罗庆尧,邓延倬,蔡汝秀,曾云鹗.分光光度分析.北京,科学出版社,1992:526-536;
[77] 李玲, 刘健, 周践等. 从历版中国药典分析方法的统计与研究看我国药物分析方法的发展. 药物分析杂志, 1998,18(5):257-263;
[78] 黄君礼, 鲍治宇. 紫外吸收光谱法及其应用. 北京,中国科技出版社, 1992:333-367;
[79] Gilpin R. K., Pachla L. A.. Pharmmaceuticals and Related Drugs, Anal. Chem., 1999,71 (12): 217R-233R;
[80] Howell J. J., Sutton R. E.. Ultraviolet and Absorption Light Spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 1998,70,107R-118R;
[81] Lavanya K, Prasad V. A., Baggi T. R.. Spectrophotometric Study of Some Drugs of Forensic and Pharmaceutical Interest, J. Inst. Chem., 1995,67,166-168; Chem. Abstr., 1996, 125,257333b;
[82] Moskivin, L. N.,Simon, J., Loeffler P.,etc. Photometric Determination of Anionic Surfactants with a flow-injection Analyzer that Include a Chromatomembrane Cell for Sample Preconcentration by Liquid-liquid Solvent Extration. Talanta, 1996,43,819-824;
[83] Qingde, S., Qinglu M., Long P.. Spectrosc. Lett., 1996,29:1685-6195;
[84] Martin-Biosca Y., Garcia-Alyarez-Coque M. C.,Ramis-Ramos G., Determination of Inorganic Species by Thermal Lens Spectrometry. Trends Anal. Chem., 1997,16:342-351;
[85] 孙增先,谈恒山,张骞峰等.双波长比值光谱法测定盐酸普鲁卡因注射液含量.中国医院药学杂志,2000,20(7):409-411;
[86] 周杰,邹时复.双波长光度法配合物组成和稳定常数的测定.分析试验室,1995, 14(1):25-28;
[87] Kortum G., Halban H. Von.. Phys. Chem., 1934,A 170:212-219;
[88] 韦娟,宋悦慧.差示分光光度法测定复方感冒灵片中对乙酰氨基酚的含量. 中国医院药学杂志,1999,19(2):85-87;
[89] Dymond E. G.. Proc. Cambridge. Philos. Soc., (1923-1925),22:405-411;
[90] Nikolovska-Coleska Z., Klisarova Lj., Suturkova Lj. Etc.. Determination of Chrydin and Quercetin in Diflagal Capsules by UV-VIS Spectra Ratio Spectrophotometry. Anal. Lab., 1996,5(2):98-103;
[91] Dogan H. N..Simultaneus Determination of Acefaminophen, Dipyrone and Caffine in Pharmaceutical Preparations by the Absorbane Ration Technique. Pharmazie, 1996,51:773-774;Chem. Abstr. 1997,126,22947m;
[92] 刘树深,易忠胜. 基础化学计量学. 北京,科学出版社,1999,70-84;
[93] Brown C W, Lynch P F, Obermski R J.etc. Matrix Representations and Criteria for Selection Analytical Wavelengths for Multicomponent Spectroscopic Analysis. Anal. Chem., 1982, 54: 1472-1479;
[94] Kisner H J, Brown C W, Kavernos G J. Mltiple Analytical Frequencies and Standards for the Least-Squares Spectrometric Analysis of Serum Lipids. Anal. Chem., 1982,54:1479-1485;
[95] Brown C W, Lynch P F, Obermski R J.etc. Multicomponent Infrared Analysis Using P-matrix Methods. Anal. Chem., 1983,55:1703-1707;
[96] 张自然,唐承舜,廖波等. CPA矩阵紫外分光光度法测定扑麻滴鼻液中扑尔敏和麻黄素的含量. 华西药学杂志,1999,1:19-22;
[97] Poulisse H N. Multicomponent -analysis Computations Based on Kalman Filtering. Anal. Chim. Acta, 1979,112:361;
[98] 罗国安,王义明.卡尔曼滤波分光光度法及其应用.药物分析杂志, 1986,6(5):316-319;
[99] 钟雷鸣,江丕栋,傅世密.卡尔曼滤波紫外光度法同时测定四种嘌呤和嘧啶碱的含量. 分析化学, 1994,22(4):376-379;
[100] Dubechies I. Ten Lectures on Wavelets. CBMS-Conference Lecture Notes, SIMA , Philadelphia, 1992;
[101] Chui C K. An Introduction to wavelets. Academic Press, New York,1992;
[102] Coifman R R, Meyer Y, Wickerhauser V. Wavelet Analysis and Signal Processing. Wavelets and Their Appl., Jones and Bartlett, 1992 ,153-178;
[103] Chau F T, Shih T M, Gao J B. Compression of Infrared Spectral Data Using the Fast Wavelet Transform Method, Applied Spectroscopy, 1996,50(3): 339-348;
[104] 颜杰,丁德荣, 刘世庆. 小波变换-偏最小二乘法及其在复方甲硝唑注射液分析中的应用. 分析测试学报, 2000,19 (1): 71-73;
[105] 卫生部药典委员会. 药品红外光谱集. 北京,化学工业出版社, 1990;
[106] 安登魁. 药物分析.北京,人民卫生出版社, 1995, 第三版: 91-92;
[107] 国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典(2000版第二部). 北京, 化学工业出版社, 2000: 206;
[108] 沈克温, 王绪明, 韩永平.实用药物范例鉴定手册.北京,人民军医出版社,1988: 341-342;
[109] 邓子煜,华剑. HPLC测定人血清中咖啡因浓度. 中国现代应用药学杂志, 2000, 17(2):121-123;
[110] 南楠,陈华,朱霁虹. HPLC法测定万辉化痰止咳露中磷酸可待因、盐酸麻黄碱和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量. 药物分析杂志, 2000, 20(1):7-9;
[111] 任玉秋,李伟,郭晔,任玉林等. PLS-近红外漫反射光谱法分析扑热息痛. 数理医药学杂志, 2000, 13(5): 452-453;
[112] 郭怀忠,王俊荣,张尊建等. 小波变换-比值导数光谱法同时测定脑清片中氨基比林和咖啡因的含量. 药学学报, 2000, 35(9): 679-682;
[113] 张自然,唐承舜,廖波,刘松青. CPA矩阵紫外分光光度法测定扑麻滴鼻液中扑尔敏和麻黄素的含量. 华西药学杂志, 1999, 14(1) : 55-56;
[114] 许有诚,孟夏玲. 酸性染料比色法测定芒果止咳片中的扑尔敏. 华西药学杂志, 2001, 16(1) : 50-51;
[115] 中国大百科全书,生物学Ⅲ. 北京.上海, 中国大百科全书出版社, 1992: 1966-1967.
[2] J. J. Berzas Nevado, C. Guiberteau Cabanillias. "Specrtophotometric Resolution of Ternary Mixtures of Salicylaldehyde, 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde by the Derivative Ratio Spectrum-Zero Crossing Method". Talanta, 1992,39(5):547-553;
[3] 俞汝勤. 化学计量学导论. 长沙, 湖南教育出版社,1991:1-5;
[4] 梁逸曾, 俞汝勤. 分析化学手册. 第十分册, 化学计量学. 北京,化学工业出版社,2000: 195-209;
[5] 古俊, 常雁, 潘景浩. 环糊精的实际应用进展. 应用化学,1996,13(4):5-8;
[6] Roger A. Rajewski, Valention J.Stella. Pharmaceutical Applications of Cyclodextrins. 2. in Vivo Drug Delivery. J. Pharm Sci.,1996,85(11):1142-1151;
[7] Olaf H. Muller-Goymann C C. Properties and Structure of Aqueous Solutions of Hydroxypropyl-Bata-Cyclodextrin. Starch,1993,45(5):183-187;
[8] Valerian T D. Kenny B L. Introduction and General Overview of Cyclodextrins Chemistry. Chem. Rev.,1998,98(5):1741-1742;
[9] Jozsef S. Cyclodextrin:Introduction. Chem. Rev.,1998,98(5):1731-1742;
[10] Kaneto U, Fumitoshi H, Tstsumi L.. Cyclodextrin Drug Carrier Systems. Chem. Rev., 1998, 98 (5): 2045-2076;
[11] Condon R W, Muth G W. The Binding Interaction of Coomassie Blue with Proteins. Anal Biochem,1993,213(2): 407-410;
[12] 郭宗儒. 药物化学总论. 北京, 中国医药科技出版社, 1994: 22-23;
[13] 吕宝璋,卢建,安明榜. 受体学. 合肥, 安徽科学技术出版社,2000: 4-19;
[14] Ulrich K. H.. Pharmacol. Rev., 1981,33(1):17-23;
[15] Vallner J J.. Binding of Drugs by Albumin and Plasma Protein. J. Pharm. Sci., 1977, 66 (4): 447-465;
[16] Bright F. V., Betts T. A.,Lituuiler K. S.. Regenerable Fiber-Optic-Based Immunosensor. Anal. Chem., 1990,62(10):1065-1069;
[17] Lah Jurij, Maier Norbert M., Lindener Wolfgang etc.. Thermodynamics of Binding of (R)- and (S)-Dinitrobenzoyl Leucine to Cinchona Alkaloids and Their Tert-Butylcarbamate Derivatives in Methanol. J. Phy. Chem., 2001,B,105(8): 1670-1678;
Raffalli Mathieu F, Lang Matti A.. Analysis of RNA-Protein Interactions of Mouse Liver
[18] Cytochrom P4502A5 mRNA. Biochemical Journal, 1999, 339 (3): 695-703;
[19] Yashima Eiji, Tajima Teruyo, Miyauchi Noriyuko.etc. Spectroscopic Study of the Interaction Between Poly-(9-vinyladenine) and Single or Multi-strand RNA. Biopolymers 1992, 32 (7) :811-817;
[20] Vermathen Martina, Louie Elizabeth A.,Chodosh Adam B.etc.Interactions of Water-Insoluble Tetraphenyporphyrins with Micelles Probed by UV-visible and NMR Spectroscopy. Langmuir,2000,16(1):210-221;
[21] Nieuwkerk, Armanda C., Marcelis Antoniuss T. M., Sudholter, Ernst J. R..Chromophore Labeling as Tool to Study Interactions between Maleic Acid Copolymers and Ammonium Surfactants. Langmuir,1997,13(3):3325-3330;
[22] 童林荟. 环糊精化学—基础与应用. 北京,科学出版社, 2001:132-183;
[23] 刘育, 尤长城, 张衡益. 超分子化学-合成受体的分子识别与组装. 天津, 南开大学出版社, 2001: 191-215;
[24] 张崇璞,张永刚.环糊精及其包结物在药剂学上的应用.药学通报,1987,22(2):101-104;
[25] 宋乐新,孟庆金,游效曾.环糊精和环糊精包合物. 无机化学学报, 1997, 113 (4):368-374;
[26] Stadler-Szoka A, Vikmon N, Szeman J. Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry,1984,2(3/4):503-507;
[27] 张有明, 魏太保. β-环糊精对D-L酪氨酸对映体的手性识别及超分子包合物的合成. 应用化学,1998,15(6):45-48;
[28] 王烈群, 景舒, 张宏宇等. 包合物的研制及溶出速率的测定. 中国中药杂志, 1994, 25(12): 540-543;
[29] Lamcharfi E, Kunesch G, Meyer C etc. Investigation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Compounds Using FT-IR and Raman Spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta M S, 1995,51A (11):1861-1870;
[30] Divakar S, Haneswwaran M H. Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry,1997,27:113-116;
[31] 张宁, 唐世华. β-环糊精与β-萘酚包合物的紫外及荧光光谱研究. 河南科学, 2000, 18(2): 144-146;
[32] 董川,李俊芬, 双少敏等.环糊精包结物的形成及光谱表征. 光谱实验室, 2000,17(3):249-258;
[33] 李志良, 林辉概, 李梦龙等. 环糊精包含络合反应的荧光法研究. 高等学校化学学报, 1991, 12(1): 30-32;
[34] 双少敏,郭祀远,潘景浩等.相溶解度法测β-环糊精芦丁包合物形成常数.分析化学, 1998,26(5):564-567;
[35] 李培芝, 毛敏媛, 朱婷婷. 循环伏安法研究硝基药物的β-环糊精包络物. 分析化学, 1994,22(1):58-60;
[36] 杨阳,陈慧兰. β-环糊精/KI3包合物的制备及性质研究. 无机化学学报, 1999, 15(5):631-635;
[37] Benesi H A, Hildebrand J H. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949,71;
[38] Connors K A. Comprehensive Supermolecular Chemistry, Vol. 3, Cyclodextrins, chapter 6, Pergamon: Oxford, 1996:215-223;
[39] Robert E L, Chou D T, Alexander T A. Effects of Organized Media on the Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer of 10-Hydroxybenzo-Quinoline. J. Phys. Chem., 1995,99:5431-5437;
[40] 金荫昌. 分子药理学. 天津, 天津科技出版社,1989:72-94;
[41] Kubinyi H. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Vol.1: Principles and Practice, New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1995, Fifth Edition;
[42] Kenneth M M Jr. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol., 1993, 3, 234-240;
[43] Colman P. Structure-based Drug Design. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol., 1994, 4, 868-874; CA ,122,711879;
[44] Greer J, Erickson J W, Baldwin J J, Varney M D. Application of the Three-dimensional Structures of Protein Target Molecules in Structure-based design. J. Med. Chem., 1994, 37, 1035-1054;
[45] Johnson M S, Srinivasan N, Sowdhamini R, Blundell T L, Crit．Knowledge-based Protein Modeling. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 1994, 29, 1-68;
[46] Kontoyianni M, Lybrand T P. Three-dimensional Models for Integral Membrane Proteins: Possibilities and Pitfalls. Perspect. Drug Discov. Des., 1993, 1, 291-300;
[47] Thornton J M, Swindells M B.. Molecular Structures in Biology. Oxford, New York, 1993;
[48] Spellmeyer D C, Swope W C. The Effect of Workstation Technology on Methods in Drug Design and Discovery. Perspect. Drug Discov. Des., 1993, 1, 359-370;
[49] Olson A J, Morris G M. Seeing Our Way to Drug Design. Perspect. Drug Discov. Des., 1993, 1, 329-344;
[50] Boyd D B, Milosevich S A F, Supercomputing and Drug Discovery Research. Perspect. Drug Discov. Des., 1993, 1, 345-358;
[51] Scatchard G., Scheinberg I. H., Armstrong, S. H., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1950, 72, 535;
[52] Pesavento M., Profumo A.. Interaction of Serum Albumin with A Sulphonated Azo Dye in Acbic Solution. Talanta, 1991, 38, 1099-1106;
[53] 魏永巨, 童沈阳, 李克安. 生物活性物质与光谱探针反应的研究-血清白蛋白与铬天青S的反应. 化学学报, 1995,53,83-89;
[54] 刘峥, 夏之宁.光谱法在分子之间相互作用研究中的应用. 激光杂志, 2001, 22(6):9-11;
[55] 沈同.生物化学. 北京, 人民教育出版社, 1980: 75-81
[56] 凌连生,杨洗,何治柯,曾云鹗. Ru(bipy)2(dppz)2+与DNA相互作用的光谱研究.分析科学学报,2001,17(1):11-15;
[57] Tysoe S A, Barker A D, Strekas T C et al. Spectroscopic Investgation of Differential Binging Models of Δ- and Λ-Ru(bipy)2(dppz)2+ with Calf Thymus DNA. J. Phys. Chem., 1993, 97: 1707-1711;
[58] 俞英,程晓伟.牛血清白蛋白与酸性品红的结合反应. 分析化学,2000,28(5): 583-586;
[59] Ghabi Habib, Dhahbi Mahmoud. Caffine-Water-Polypeptide Interaction in Aqueous Solution . Spectrochimica Acta ,part A,1999,54A(4):919-921;
[60] Ruso J M, Attwood D, Garacia M, Prieto G et al. Interaction of Amphiphilic Propranolol Hydrochloride with Haemoglobin and Albumin in Aqueous Solution. Langmuir, 2000, 16(26): 10449-10455;
[61] Lakowicz J R. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, New York: Plenum Press,1983;
[62] 陈国珍,黄贤智,郑朱梓等. 荧光分析.北京,科技出版社, 1990: 112-141;
[63] Huang C R, Milliman A, Price, H L et al. Photoemissiom Probes of Catalysis of Benzo[α] pyrene Epoxide Reactions in Complexes With Linear, Double-stranded and Closed-circular, Single-stranded DNA. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115:7794-7805;
[64] 张晓威,赵凤林,李克安. 环丙沙星与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究.高等学校化学学报,1999,20(7):1063-1067;
[65] 李东辉,叶东,朱庆枝,方莹,许金钩. 荧光各向异性法快速测定荧光标记物对蛋白质的标记比. 高等学校化学学报,1999,20(7):1055-1067;
[66] 赵雨,徐金泽,赵大庆.共振喇曼光谱研究稀土离子Er3+对肌红蛋白结构的影响. 高等学校化学学报,2000,21(12):1913-1915;
[67] Cotton T M, Kim J H, Chumanov G D. Application of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy to Biological Systems. J. Raman Spectroscopy,1991,22:729-742;
[68] Nabiev I, Chourpa I, Manfait M. Comparative Studies of Antitumor Dna Intercalating Agents, Aclacinomycin and Saintopin, by Means of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectrosscopy. J. Phys. Chem.,1994,98:1344-1350;
[69] Byler D M, Susi H. Examination of the Secondary Structure of Protein by Deconvolved FTIR Spectra. Biopolymers,1986, 25(3): 469-487;
[70] 周晓,刘世杰,陈建文等. 氯化镍对人红细胞膜损伤机理的波谱学研究.中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 1999,13(1): 25-28;
[71] 沈玉华,杨展澜,吴瑾光. 牛血清白蛋白-羟基磷灰石难溶性复合物的FT-IR光谱研究.北京大学学报,1999,35(4):431-436;
Fourest E, B Volseky. Contribution of Sulfonate grops and Alginate to Heavy Metal Biosorption
[72] by the Dry Biomass of Sargassum Fluitans. Enoiron Sci, Technol,1996,30:277-281;
[73] 韩润平,李建军,杨贯羽等. 结合重金属前后浮萍的红外光谱比较. 光谱学与光谱分析,2000,20(4):489-491;
[74] Konishi K, Takahata Y, Aida T et al, Chiral N-Substituted Porphyrins Related to Heme Inactivation Products. First Crystauographic Determination of Absolute Stereochemistry Correlation with Circular Dischroism. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115:1169-1174;
[75] 刘劲刚,叶保辉,计亮年等. Δ-和Λ-[Ru(bpy)2（HPIP）2+]两种异构体对小牛胸腺DNA不同键合速率的CD光谱证明.高等学校化学学报, 1999,20(4): 523-525;
[76] 罗庆尧,邓延倬,蔡汝秀,曾云鹗.分光光度分析.北京,科学出版社,1992:526-536;
[77] 李玲, 刘健, 周践等. 从历版中国药典分析方法的统计与研究看我国药物分析方法的发展. 药物分析杂志, 1998,18(5):257-263;
[78] 黄君礼, 鲍治宇. 紫外吸收光谱法及其应用. 北京,中国科技出版社, 1992:333-367;
[79] Gilpin R. K., Pachla L. A.. Pharmmaceuticals and Related Drugs, Anal. Chem., 1999,71 (12): 217R-233R;
[80] Howell J. J., Sutton R. E.. Ultraviolet and Absorption Light Spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 1998,70,107R-118R;
[81] Lavanya K, Prasad V. A., Baggi T. R.. Spectrophotometric Study of Some Drugs of Forensic and Pharmaceutical Interest, J. Inst. Chem., 1995,67,166-168; Chem. Abstr., 1996, 125,257333b;
[82] Moskivin, L. N.,Simon, J., Loeffler P.,etc. Photometric Determination of Anionic Surfactants with a flow-injection Analyzer that Include a Chromatomembrane Cell for Sample Preconcentration by Liquid-liquid Solvent Extration. Talanta, 1996,43,819-824;
[83] Qingde, S., Qinglu M., Long P.. Spectrosc. Lett., 1996,29:1685-6195;
[84] Martin-Biosca Y., Garcia-Alyarez-Coque M. C.,Ramis-Ramos G., Determination of Inorganic Species by Thermal Lens Spectrometry. Trends Anal. Chem., 1997,16:342-351;
[85] 孙增先,谈恒山,张骞峰等.双波长比值光谱法测定盐酸普鲁卡因注射液含量.中国医院药学杂志,2000,20(7):409-411;
[86] 周杰,邹时复.双波长光度法配合物组成和稳定常数的测定.分析试验室,1995, 14(1):25-28;
[87] Kortum G., Halban H. Von.. Phys. Chem., 1934,A 170:212-219;
[88] 韦娟,宋悦慧.差示分光光度法测定复方感冒灵片中对乙酰氨基酚的含量. 中国医院药学杂志,1999,19(2):85-87;
[89] Dymond E. G.. Proc. Cambridge. Philos. Soc., (1923-1925),22:405-411;
[90] Nikolovska-Coleska Z., Klisarova Lj., Suturkova Lj. Etc.. Determination of Chrydin and Quercetin in Diflagal Capsules by UV-VIS Spectra Ratio Spectrophotometry. Anal. Lab., 1996,5(2):98-103;
[91] Dogan H. N..Simultaneus Determination of Acefaminophen, Dipyrone and Caffine in Pharmaceutical Preparations by the Absorbane Ration Technique. Pharmazie, 1996,51:773-774;Chem. Abstr. 1997,126,22947m;
[92] 刘树深,易忠胜. 基础化学计量学. 北京,科学出版社,1999,70-84;
[93] Brown C W, Lynch P F, Obermski R J.etc. Matrix Representations and Criteria for Selection Analytical Wavelengths for Multicomponent Spectroscopic Analysis. Anal. Chem., 1982, 54: 1472-1479;
[94] Kisner H J, Brown C W, Kavernos G J. Mltiple Analytical Frequencies and Standards for the Least-Squares Spectrometric Analysis of Serum Lipids. Anal. Chem., 1982,54:1479-1485;
[95] Brown C W, Lynch P F, Obermski R J.etc. Multicomponent Infrared Analysis Using P-matrix Methods. Anal. Chem., 1983,55:1703-1707;
[96] 张自然,唐承舜,廖波等. CPA矩阵紫外分光光度法测定扑麻滴鼻液中扑尔敏和麻黄素的含量. 华西药学杂志,1999,1:19-22;
[97] Poulisse H N. Multicomponent -analysis Computations Based on Kalman Filtering. Anal. Chim. Acta, 1979,112:361;
[98] 罗国安,王义明.卡尔曼滤波分光光度法及其应用.药物分析杂志, 1986,6(5):316-319;
[99] 钟雷鸣,江丕栋,傅世密.卡尔曼滤波紫外光度法同时测定四种嘌呤和嘧啶碱的含量. 分析化学, 1994,22(4):376-379;
[100] Dubechies I. Ten Lectures on Wavelets. CBMS-Conference Lecture Notes, SIMA , Philadelphia, 1992;
[101] Chui C K. An Introduction to wavelets. Academic Press, New York,1992;
[102] Coifman R R, Meyer Y, Wickerhauser V. Wavelet Analysis and Signal Processing. Wavelets and Their Appl., Jones and Bartlett, 1992 ,153-178;
[103] Chau F T, Shih T M, Gao J B. Compression of Infrared Spectral Data Using the Fast Wavelet Transform Method, Applied Spectroscopy, 1996,50(3): 339-348;
[104] 颜杰,丁德荣, 刘世庆. 小波变换-偏最小二乘法及其在复方甲硝唑注射液分析中的应用. 分析测试学报, 2000,19 (1): 71-73;
[105] 卫生部药典委员会. 药品红外光谱集. 北京,化学工业出版社, 1990;
[106] 安登魁. 药物分析.北京,人民卫生出版社, 1995, 第三版: 91-92;
[107] 国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典(2000版第二部). 北京, 化学工业出版社, 2000: 206;
[108] 沈克温, 王绪明, 韩永平.实用药物范例鉴定手册.北京,人民军医出版社,1988: 341-342;
[109] 邓子煜,华剑. HPLC测定人血清中咖啡因浓度. 中国现代应用药学杂志, 2000, 17(2):121-123;
[110] 南楠,陈华,朱霁虹. HPLC法测定万辉化痰止咳露中磷酸可待因、盐酸麻黄碱和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量. 药物分析杂志, 2000, 20(1):7-9;
[111] 任玉秋,李伟,郭晔,任玉林等. PLS-近红外漫反射光谱法分析扑热息痛. 数理医药学杂志, 2000, 13(5): 452-453;
[112] 郭怀忠,王俊荣,张尊建等. 小波变换-比值导数光谱法同时测定脑清片中氨基比林和咖啡因的含量. 药学学报, 2000, 35(9): 679-682;
[113] 张自然,唐承舜,廖波,刘松青. CPA矩阵紫外分光光度法测定扑麻滴鼻液中扑尔敏和麻黄素的含量. 华西药学杂志, 1999, 14(1) : 55-56;
[114] 许有诚,孟夏玲. 酸性染料比色法测定芒果止咳片中的扑尔敏. 华西药学杂志, 2001, 16(1) : 50-51;
[115] 中国大百科全书,生物学Ⅲ. 北京.上海, 中国大百科全书出版社, 1992: 1966-1967.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |