水泥粉喷桩在京珠高速公路湖北段软基处理中的应用研究
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摘要
近十几年，特别是1998年以来，我国的高速公路建设取得了突飞猛进的发展。尽管1988年才建成第一条全长18.5公里的高速公路，但到2002年，全国高速公路总里程已接近2万公里，跃居世界第二位。在这些高速公路的建设中，软基处理是最为普遍也是最难解决的问题之一。为了以较经济的手段使软土地基上的路基沉降满足规范要求，工程师们采取了许行之有效的软基处理方法，粉喷桩法就是其中一种。实践证明粉喷桩处理的软基工后沉小，处理费用相对较高，所以在高速公路中一般仅用于桥头路段路基和涵洞、通道等小型构造物的软基处理。由于这一方法的理论还太完善，施工质量控质也有一定难度，加上不同地区软土的土层分布，软土的矿物成分、物理力学性质等差异性极大，所以每项高速公路工程在采用粉喷桩处理软基时，都将其列为一项研究课题。
京珠高速公路湖北段有多处软土地基，这些软土地段在桥头20米路堤和部分涵洞下的软基均采用了粉喷桩进行处理，取得了良好效果。笔者作为该工程软基处理项目业主方面的负责人之一，全过程参加了粉喷桩方案制定、实施和检查工作。本文结合介绍了这一工作的主要内容，着重阐述了京珠高速公路湖北省东西湖段粉喷桩处理方法的设计和施工方面的问题，并对沉降观测结果进行了详细分析。
The freeway in China has increased greatly since more than ten years ago, especially since 1998.Nowdays, the total length of it is near to 20,000 km, ranking second in the world, though it is until 1988 that the first freeway with 18.5 km was not built. How to strengthen soft ground in most freeway project is a common problem, which is difficult to resolve. A lot of methods have been used effectively by engineers in dealing with the problem of soft earth to economically have the possible settlements of the pavement be less than the permissible ones inscribed in the specifications. DJM(Dry-Jetted Method) Pile is one of them..
It has been proved in practice that the road overlaid on soft ground strengthened by DIM Pile has a less settlement after construction, but the cost is relatively bigger. Therefore, this method is commonly used only to enforce the soft ground beneath embankment near to bridges, beneath culverts, or underpass structures. When DIM Pile is applied in work of a freeway project, it is conducted as a study issue, because both the theory about it is not very clear now and also the quality control is hard to demonstrate, in addition, there is a big difference among soft soils in different areas on the distribution, the ingredient of minerals and the physical and mechanical properties.
There are several sections of Jing-Zhu(Beijing to Zhuhai) Freeway on soft ground. In these sections, the soft ground under embankment close to bridges and some culverts are strengthened with DIM Piles, and a good result has got. The writer, as a representative of employer in responsible for this work, took part in planning, conducting and inspecting it from beginning to end. An introduction of this work is given in this paper. The focus is on description the aspects of design and construction of DIM Piles used in the part of Jing-Zhu Freeway at Dong Xi Hu, Wuhan, Hubei. An detail analysis of the observed settlement is also presented.
京珠高速公路湖北段有多处软土地基，这些软土地段在桥头20米路堤和部分涵洞下的软基均采用了粉喷桩进行处理，取得了良好效果。笔者作为该工程软基处理项目业主方面的负责人之一，全过程参加了粉喷桩方案制定、实施和检查工作。本文结合介绍了这一工作的主要内容，着重阐述了京珠高速公路湖北省东西湖段粉喷桩处理方法的设计和施工方面的问题，并对沉降观测结果进行了详细分析。
The freeway in China has increased greatly since more than ten years ago, especially since 1998.Nowdays, the total length of it is near to 20,000 km, ranking second in the world, though it is until 1988 that the first freeway with 18.5 km was not built. How to strengthen soft ground in most freeway project is a common problem, which is difficult to resolve. A lot of methods have been used effectively by engineers in dealing with the problem of soft earth to economically have the possible settlements of the pavement be less than the permissible ones inscribed in the specifications. DJM(Dry-Jetted Method) Pile is one of them..
It has been proved in practice that the road overlaid on soft ground strengthened by DIM Pile has a less settlement after construction, but the cost is relatively bigger. Therefore, this method is commonly used only to enforce the soft ground beneath embankment near to bridges, beneath culverts, or underpass structures. When DIM Pile is applied in work of a freeway project, it is conducted as a study issue, because both the theory about it is not very clear now and also the quality control is hard to demonstrate, in addition, there is a big difference among soft soils in different areas on the distribution, the ingredient of minerals and the physical and mechanical properties.
There are several sections of Jing-Zhu(Beijing to Zhuhai) Freeway on soft ground. In these sections, the soft ground under embankment close to bridges and some culverts are strengthened with DIM Piles, and a good result has got. The writer, as a representative of employer in responsible for this work, took part in planning, conducting and inspecting it from beginning to end. An introduction of this work is given in this paper. The focus is on description the aspects of design and construction of DIM Piles used in the part of Jing-Zhu Freeway at Dong Xi Hu, Wuhan, Hubei. An detail analysis of the observed settlement is also presented.
引文
[1] 刘景政，杨素春，钟冬波．地基处理与实例分析。北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1998
[2] 吴邦颖，张师德，陈绪禄等．软土地基处理。北京：中国铁道出版社，1995
[3] 江苏宁沪高速公路股份有限公司，河海大学。交通土建软土地基工程手册．北京：人民交通出版社，2001
[4] 杨昊。沈大高速公路改扩建工程软土地基处理的设计思路和施工控制重点．东北公路，2002，25(2)
[5] 曾国熙等．地基处理手册．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1988
[6] 阎明礼，张东刚．CFG桩复合地基技术及工程实践．北京：中国水利电力出版社，2001
[7] 张俊生，胡幼常，舒鄂南．水泥粉喷桩复合地基承载力设计参数的取值研究．岩土工程技术，2003，(1)
[8] 王仁志主编．京珠高速公路广珠段工程组织管理．道桥工程，软基处理，北京：人民交通出版社，2000
[9] 林彤．粉喷桩加固软基的试验研究．岩土力学，2000，21(2)
[10] 姜国充．复合地基桩土应力比影响因素的分析．路基工程，1998，(5)
[11] 王金山．粉喷桩复合地基沉降数值分析．武汉理工大学硕士论文，2002
[12] 杜海金，张建新，吴冬云等．粉喷桩单桩承载力与龄期的关系研究．岩土工程，2002，75(1)
[13] 贺为民，李松岭，吕芝全等．粉喷桩单桩与多桩复合地基荷载试验对比分析．工程勘察，2002，(3)
[14] 段继伟，龚晓南，曾国熙．水泥搅拌桩的荷载传递规律。岩土工程学报．1994，16(4)
[15] 陈秋南，王祥秋，高文华．水泥粉喷桩处理高等级公路地基荷载传递的试
验研究．公路交通科技，2002，19(2)
[16] 施建国，邹坚．深层搅拌桩复合地基沉降计算理论研究．岩土工程，2003，23(3)
[17] 胡幼常，王金山，舒鄂南．粉喷桩复合地基有限元分析。土工基础，2002，43(3)
[18] 朱云升，胡幼常，丘作中，舒鄂南等．柔性基础复合地基力学性状的有限元分析．岩土力学．2003(2)(待出版)
[19] 段继伟．柔性桩复合地基的数值分析．浙江大学硕士论文，1993
[20] 宋修广，郭宗杰，刘金章．粉喷桩复合地基的数值计算分析．岩土力学。2002，23(4)
[21] Ishizaki, Hitoshi. Effect of improved form on deformation of composite ground. Proceedings of Japan Society of civil Engineers, Doboku Gakkai Rombun-Hokokushu, 1994
[22] Chun,B.S, Kim,S.S, Kang etc. Improvement of marine clay by quick lime pile.Proceedings of the 1997 7th international offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 1997
[23] 刑仲星，陈晓平．复合地基力学特性研究及有限元分析。土工基础．2000，41(2)
[24] 建筑地基基础设计规范(GBJ7-89)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1990
[25] 陈苏，熊国平，沈剑林等．水泥粉喷桩质量及其检测方法分析．公路。2002(1)
[2] 吴邦颖，张师德，陈绪禄等．软土地基处理。北京：中国铁道出版社，1995
[3] 江苏宁沪高速公路股份有限公司，河海大学。交通土建软土地基工程手册．北京：人民交通出版社，2001
[4] 杨昊。沈大高速公路改扩建工程软土地基处理的设计思路和施工控制重点．东北公路，2002，25(2)
[5] 曾国熙等．地基处理手册．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1988
[6] 阎明礼，张东刚．CFG桩复合地基技术及工程实践．北京：中国水利电力出版社，2001
[7] 张俊生，胡幼常，舒鄂南．水泥粉喷桩复合地基承载力设计参数的取值研究．岩土工程技术，2003，(1)
[8] 王仁志主编．京珠高速公路广珠段工程组织管理．道桥工程，软基处理，北京：人民交通出版社，2000
[9] 林彤．粉喷桩加固软基的试验研究．岩土力学，2000，21(2)
[10] 姜国充．复合地基桩土应力比影响因素的分析．路基工程，1998，(5)
[11] 王金山．粉喷桩复合地基沉降数值分析．武汉理工大学硕士论文，2002
[12] 杜海金，张建新，吴冬云等．粉喷桩单桩承载力与龄期的关系研究．岩土工程，2002，75(1)
[13] 贺为民，李松岭，吕芝全等．粉喷桩单桩与多桩复合地基荷载试验对比分析．工程勘察，2002，(3)
[14] 段继伟，龚晓南，曾国熙．水泥搅拌桩的荷载传递规律。岩土工程学报．1994，16(4)
[15] 陈秋南，王祥秋，高文华．水泥粉喷桩处理高等级公路地基荷载传递的试
验研究．公路交通科技，2002，19(2)
[16] 施建国，邹坚．深层搅拌桩复合地基沉降计算理论研究．岩土工程，2003，23(3)
[17] 胡幼常，王金山，舒鄂南．粉喷桩复合地基有限元分析。土工基础，2002，43(3)
[18] 朱云升，胡幼常，丘作中，舒鄂南等．柔性基础复合地基力学性状的有限元分析．岩土力学．2003(2)(待出版)
[19] 段继伟．柔性桩复合地基的数值分析．浙江大学硕士论文，1993
[20] 宋修广，郭宗杰，刘金章．粉喷桩复合地基的数值计算分析．岩土力学。2002，23(4)
[21] Ishizaki, Hitoshi. Effect of improved form on deformation of composite ground. Proceedings of Japan Society of civil Engineers, Doboku Gakkai Rombun-Hokokushu, 1994
[22] Chun,B.S, Kim,S.S, Kang etc. Improvement of marine clay by quick lime pile.Proceedings of the 1997 7th international offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, 1997
[23] 刑仲星，陈晓平．复合地基力学特性研究及有限元分析。土工基础．2000，41(2)
[24] 建筑地基基础设计规范(GBJ7-89)．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1990
[25] 陈苏，熊国平，沈剑林等．水泥粉喷桩质量及其检测方法分析．公路。2002(1)