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复合地基研究及应用
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摘要
本文对水泥土桩加固软弱地基的特点,进行了比较全面地研究,并作了比较系统的试验,总结了水泥土桩加固软弱地基的一般规律。
     水泥土桩加固软基研究的实质是对承载力和变形(沉降)的研究,如何检测桩体质量也是研究水泥土桩的重要内容。水泥土桩复合地基研究的困难,在于其非均一性的特点,鉴于前人的研究工作多局限在单桩及单桩复合地基,本文进行了六组单桩,单桩与多桩复合地基、天然地基各两组的静载荷对比试验,得到了三者承载力的基本值,指出了有关规范复合地基承载力公式中的天然地基,取值不明确,不利于实际应用。
     本文通过分析和试验分析,提出桩间土天然地基承载力标准值的取值方法、桩间土承载力折减系数取值方法,这和实测结果很接近;并得出提高复合地基置换率是提高复合地基承载力有效途径,并具体比较了单桩复合地基和三桩复合地基提高天然地基的承载力的数值,并验证桩体强度应和天然软基相匹配,指出盲目提高桩体强度是不可取的,有时甚至偏于不安全,这对于当前的建设是很有意义的。通过改进前人桩体应变计的埋设方法和桩体变形模量的确定方法,得到了桩体轴力传递的规律和摩阻力传递的近似规律;分析不同荷载水平下,桩土应力分担比的变化,得出了复合地基褥垫层较薄时桩土的应力比—荷载曲线,这和试验得出的载荷板下复合地基桩土压力变化是一致的,桩体强度影响复合地基的承载力,本文对三种典型土样进行了水泥土桩配合比优化设计,目的是有效控制桩体强度,研究室内试块和室外桩体芯样的强度相关关系。加强水泥土桩的质量检查,有助于预防水泥土桩复合地基的质量事故,而现有的检测手段尚不尽人意,作者通过对静载试验等不同检测方法的研究,提出了适用不同情况下的检测方法。
     本文阐述了水泥土桩加固软基的工程性状与检测方法,为水泥土桩的工程应用提供了有益的参考依据。
The cement-soil pile improved soft soil foundation have a lot of advantages, but the applications of the cement-soil pile was limited in many place because of a great deal of accidents. The author has done a lot of experiments on cement-soil pile improving soft foundation.
    It is most important that do researching on the bearing capacity, settlement analysis of the composite foundation and how to check the quality of the pile .The difficulty of the research lies in the heterogeneity of the composite foundation. On account of most of the existing research was limited in single pile and single pile with a cap. This paper has done six single pile , one single pile, one three piles composite foundation and two-origin foundation static load experiments and obtained the principal value. The author found the formula in the code is vaguely in deals with the origin foundation bearing capacity and its reduction coefficient .Two pieces of advice were put forward to improve the formula and achieved satisfied results in fact engineer construction.
    The pile is belong to typical friction pile. It is also given detailed value to prove the point that it is most important to increased replacement ratio at reasonable degree. It is not always good at increased the cement ratio; sometimes it is even harmed to the strength of the pile. The strength of the pile must matches the strengths of the origin soft foundation. Improved fixing methods of strain meter and how to calculate the deformation modulus, the load transfer behavior of cement-soil pile, the compound foundation bearing capacity, pile-soil stress ratio with the increasing of the load are analyzed and studied. Some important results are obtained here. Because the strength of the pile influences the compound foundation bearing capacity, we must control the mixing ratio of the pile to control the strength of the pile. Some experiments has been done to optimization the mixing ratio of the pile and try to establish the correlativity relativity between the. Strength the quality checking of the pile is also important, but the existing checking methods aren't satisfied by now. A good method to check the quality of the pile was found in this paper after studied carefully by doing some experiments and studied the existing method.
    The specific properties of cement-soil pile improving soft foundation and how to check the quality of the pile have been studied systematically, thus providing theoretical basis and reference for cement-soil pile technique in pile engineer application.
引文
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