区域物流网络结构的演化机理与优化研究
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摘要
在区域经济一体化中,区域物流网络系统化是主导力量,而区域物流网络结构是区域物流网络系统中的基础。目前对区域物流网络结构的研究仍缺乏系统性,为此本文运用系统工程理论、网络理论等,对区域物流网络结构的特征、演化、优化、构建等进行了较全面系统的研究,这些为区域物流网络理论的完善与建立高效的区域物流网络体系都具有重要意义。其主要研究工作和内容如下：
(1)区域物流网络结构解析与表述模型。对区域物流网络结构系统进行了解析,认为其由物流节点、物流线路、物流域面等要素构成。提出了区域物流网络结构系统特征,建立了基于加权网络和加权超网络的区域物流网络结构表述模型。
(2)区域物流网络结构特征分析。分析了区域物流网络结构特征,其为无标度网络,具有双幂律特征,存在富人俱乐部现象,物流网络拓扑结构属非同类混合网络等特征。分析了区域物流网络中的程度中心性、中介中心性、凝聚性等结构关系特征。
(3)区域物流网络结构演化。第一,通过对区域物流网络结构演化机理的研究,可知其演化是在内外因素影响下,以空间相互作用、聚集与扩散作主要演化动力,在区域经济、城市系统、物流要素运动基础上,区域物流网络结构空间拓展呈现低水平均衡、极化集聚、放射扩展、高水平均衡几个阶段。在发展过程中,区域物流网络结构由简单的点线网络向复杂的层次网络演进。第二,对区域物流网络结构演化模型进行了构建和分析。构建了区域物流网络结构的时空演化模型,对湖南省为例的区域物流网络时空演化进行了分析。构建了基于物流节点成长演化模型,通过分析可知由于物流节点的择优、吸引力、赋权等特性会使区域物流网络演化为层次网络结构。构建了基于物流域面成长的演化模型,通过分析可知,除了其会演化成层次结构外,增大域面间关键路径的容量可以提高网络吞吐量又基本保持网络结构不变等有益结论。
(4)区域物流网络结构优化。第一,通过对区域物流网络结构优化策略的研究可知,层次结构的空间一体化网络具有较高的效率,对区域物流网络结构进行优化应重点发展枢纽节点、扩大轴干线路与关键线路容量、形成层次一体化结构,构建区域物流骨干网络等结构优化策略。另外提出了区域物流网络的功能优化策略。根据优化策略,提出了基于轴辐式的区域物流网络结构优化模式。第二,在区域物流网络结构优化模型中,构建了基于节点成本的非严格轴辐式区域物流网络枢纽节点优化模型和基于节点成本的非严格轴辐式区域物流网络线路优化模型。用禁忌搜索算法结合最短路径的Floyd算法给出了节点优化模型的求解算法。以湖南省区域物流网络为例,给出了此模型中的所有参数的具体值并算出经优化的枢纽物流节点。
(5)区域物流网络构建与实证。在区域物流网络构建中,提出了构建的系统基本思路和原则,就如何构建物流节点、线路、网络进行了分析。用层次分析法对外部环境下的区域物流网络节点进行筛选。最后根据的构建思路和方式对湖南省区域物流网络构建进行了实证分析。
To regional economic integration, the systematizing of regional logistics network is a leading force, and the regional logistics network structure is the basis of the regional logistics network. Now, it still is a lack of systematic study about regional logistics network structure, therefore, in this paper, system engineering theory, network theory, and so on, are applied to comprehensively study the characteristics, evolution, optimization, constructing, etc, of regional logistics network structure. There is great significance to perfect the theory of regional logistics network and build an efficient regional logistics network system. The main research as follows:
(1) The structural analysis and expression model constructing of regional logistics network. The regional logistics network structure system is considered to be made from logistics node, logistics line and logistics zone after analyzing it. The structure characteristics of regional logistics network is put forward, and the expression model of regional logistics network weighted network and weighted super-network is built
(2) Structural features analyzing of regional logistics network. The structural characteristics of regional logistics network is analyzed, which is a scale-free network, with a dual power-law behavior, a phenomenon of rich man's club, and logistics network topology being a non-similar characteristics of hybrid networks. It is analyzed about degree centrality, betweenness centrality, cohesive subgroup and core-periphery to relationship features of regional logistics network.
(3) The evolution of regional logistics network structure. First, to study the mechanism of regional logistics network structure evolution, we know that evolution is influenced by internal and external factors, and the evolution driving force is space interaction, aggregation and proliferation. The regional logistics network space structure development showed there are some stages such as low-level equilibrium, concentration polarization, radiation expansion, high-level equilibrium stages based on regional economy, urban systems, logistics elements movement. In the development process, the regional logistics network structure evolves from a simple point-linear network to a complex level network. Second, the evolution model of regional logistics network structure were built and analyzed. The space-time evolution model of the regional logistics network structure is constructed, and Hunan province as its example is analyzed. Logistics nodes growth model is constructed, and the logistics node characteristics of selecting merit, attractiveness, empower will lead the regional logistics network to hierarchical network. Evolutionary model based on logistics zone growth is constructed, which would be evolved hierarchy network, and some useful conclusions can be seen that growing the key routing capacity of zone could improve network throughput capacity but remained similar network structure, and so on.
(4) The regional logistics network structure optimization. First, we know that hierarchy structure space integrated network is more efficient, and our optimization should focus on developing hub node, expanding the trunk and critical path capacity, developing a hierarchical integrated structure, building a regional logistics backbone network structure by researching the regional logistics network structure optimization strategy. Another regional logistics network function optimization strategy is proposed. According to optimization strategy, regional logistics network structure optimization model is proposed, which is network based on hub-spoke. Second, it is constructed that non-strict hub-and-spoke regional logistics network hub node optimization model and non-strict hub-and-spoke logistics network line optimization model with node costs. We solve hub node optimization mode by Tabu search algorithm combined with the Floyd algorithm. Further, we obtained its logistics network hub nodes optimized by all certain parameters numerical values of Hunan province regional logistics network as an example.
(5) The construction and test of regional logistics network. The basic idea and principles to construct regional logistics network is systematically put forward, and how to construct logistics nodes, lines and networks is analyzed. The AHP is applied to filter regional logistics network nodes in the external environment. Finally, we test Hunan province regional logistics network according to the construction idea and methods.
(1)区域物流网络结构解析与表述模型。对区域物流网络结构系统进行了解析,认为其由物流节点、物流线路、物流域面等要素构成。提出了区域物流网络结构系统特征,建立了基于加权网络和加权超网络的区域物流网络结构表述模型。
(2)区域物流网络结构特征分析。分析了区域物流网络结构特征,其为无标度网络,具有双幂律特征,存在富人俱乐部现象,物流网络拓扑结构属非同类混合网络等特征。分析了区域物流网络中的程度中心性、中介中心性、凝聚性等结构关系特征。
(3)区域物流网络结构演化。第一,通过对区域物流网络结构演化机理的研究,可知其演化是在内外因素影响下,以空间相互作用、聚集与扩散作主要演化动力,在区域经济、城市系统、物流要素运动基础上,区域物流网络结构空间拓展呈现低水平均衡、极化集聚、放射扩展、高水平均衡几个阶段。在发展过程中,区域物流网络结构由简单的点线网络向复杂的层次网络演进。第二,对区域物流网络结构演化模型进行了构建和分析。构建了区域物流网络结构的时空演化模型,对湖南省为例的区域物流网络时空演化进行了分析。构建了基于物流节点成长演化模型,通过分析可知由于物流节点的择优、吸引力、赋权等特性会使区域物流网络演化为层次网络结构。构建了基于物流域面成长的演化模型,通过分析可知,除了其会演化成层次结构外,增大域面间关键路径的容量可以提高网络吞吐量又基本保持网络结构不变等有益结论。
(4)区域物流网络结构优化。第一,通过对区域物流网络结构优化策略的研究可知,层次结构的空间一体化网络具有较高的效率,对区域物流网络结构进行优化应重点发展枢纽节点、扩大轴干线路与关键线路容量、形成层次一体化结构,构建区域物流骨干网络等结构优化策略。另外提出了区域物流网络的功能优化策略。根据优化策略,提出了基于轴辐式的区域物流网络结构优化模式。第二,在区域物流网络结构优化模型中,构建了基于节点成本的非严格轴辐式区域物流网络枢纽节点优化模型和基于节点成本的非严格轴辐式区域物流网络线路优化模型。用禁忌搜索算法结合最短路径的Floyd算法给出了节点优化模型的求解算法。以湖南省区域物流网络为例,给出了此模型中的所有参数的具体值并算出经优化的枢纽物流节点。
(5)区域物流网络构建与实证。在区域物流网络构建中,提出了构建的系统基本思路和原则,就如何构建物流节点、线路、网络进行了分析。用层次分析法对外部环境下的区域物流网络节点进行筛选。最后根据的构建思路和方式对湖南省区域物流网络构建进行了实证分析。
To regional economic integration, the systematizing of regional logistics network is a leading force, and the regional logistics network structure is the basis of the regional logistics network. Now, it still is a lack of systematic study about regional logistics network structure, therefore, in this paper, system engineering theory, network theory, and so on, are applied to comprehensively study the characteristics, evolution, optimization, constructing, etc, of regional logistics network structure. There is great significance to perfect the theory of regional logistics network and build an efficient regional logistics network system. The main research as follows:
(1) The structural analysis and expression model constructing of regional logistics network. The regional logistics network structure system is considered to be made from logistics node, logistics line and logistics zone after analyzing it. The structure characteristics of regional logistics network is put forward, and the expression model of regional logistics network weighted network and weighted super-network is built
(2) Structural features analyzing of regional logistics network. The structural characteristics of regional logistics network is analyzed, which is a scale-free network, with a dual power-law behavior, a phenomenon of rich man's club, and logistics network topology being a non-similar characteristics of hybrid networks. It is analyzed about degree centrality, betweenness centrality, cohesive subgroup and core-periphery to relationship features of regional logistics network.
(3) The evolution of regional logistics network structure. First, to study the mechanism of regional logistics network structure evolution, we know that evolution is influenced by internal and external factors, and the evolution driving force is space interaction, aggregation and proliferation. The regional logistics network space structure development showed there are some stages such as low-level equilibrium, concentration polarization, radiation expansion, high-level equilibrium stages based on regional economy, urban systems, logistics elements movement. In the development process, the regional logistics network structure evolves from a simple point-linear network to a complex level network. Second, the evolution model of regional logistics network structure were built and analyzed. The space-time evolution model of the regional logistics network structure is constructed, and Hunan province as its example is analyzed. Logistics nodes growth model is constructed, and the logistics node characteristics of selecting merit, attractiveness, empower will lead the regional logistics network to hierarchical network. Evolutionary model based on logistics zone growth is constructed, which would be evolved hierarchy network, and some useful conclusions can be seen that growing the key routing capacity of zone could improve network throughput capacity but remained similar network structure, and so on.
(4) The regional logistics network structure optimization. First, we know that hierarchy structure space integrated network is more efficient, and our optimization should focus on developing hub node, expanding the trunk and critical path capacity, developing a hierarchical integrated structure, building a regional logistics backbone network structure by researching the regional logistics network structure optimization strategy. Another regional logistics network function optimization strategy is proposed. According to optimization strategy, regional logistics network structure optimization model is proposed, which is network based on hub-spoke. Second, it is constructed that non-strict hub-and-spoke regional logistics network hub node optimization model and non-strict hub-and-spoke logistics network line optimization model with node costs. We solve hub node optimization mode by Tabu search algorithm combined with the Floyd algorithm. Further, we obtained its logistics network hub nodes optimized by all certain parameters numerical values of Hunan province regional logistics network as an example.
(5) The construction and test of regional logistics network. The basic idea and principles to construct regional logistics network is systematically put forward, and how to construct logistics nodes, lines and networks is analyzed. The AHP is applied to filter regional logistics network nodes in the external environment. Finally, we test Hunan province regional logistics network according to the construction idea and methods.
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