基于云理念的开放式电力系统数值仿真系统
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摘要
数值仿真在电力系统规划、运行以及安全防御等方面发挥着不可替代的作用。模型完备、可接受的计算精度和效率是对电力系统数值仿真程序的基本要求。随着电力系统规模不断增大、用户分析需求多样,为使用户能快速、灵活地分析和解决各种问题,提供具有良好开放性的电力系统仿真程序具有十分重要的意义。
论文分析了电力系统数值仿真软件的现状与大量计算机资源闲置的问题,提出了基于云理念的开放式电力系统数值仿真系统方案。主要研究工作如下：
首先,分析了电力系统数值仿真软件的开放性问题,强调了基于应用程序接口API的二次开发功能的重要性,研发了基于C/S模式的开放式电力系统数值仿真系统。系统基于客户端/服务器(C/S)模式,在客户端和服务器端分别建立制定结构的数据库(一张规范化的函数表),通过查表实现开放式应用程序接口,通过TCP/IP进行通讯,从而实现客户端与服务器端的交互。二次开发的应用不限于客户端具体的语言实现形式,开发了在C++、Matlab和Python环境下的接口库。服务器端的计算引擎实现了开放式电力系统潮流计算模块和开放式电力系统机电暂态仿真模块。实例仿真充分体现了基于C/S模式的API二次开发方案可以使用户通过利用服务器端的强大资源,开发各种高级应用分析程序,并且极大地缩短了开发时间,具有方便、快捷、高效的特点。
其次,研究了云计算的特征及其应用,结合云计算资源共享的理念,将上述C/S模式扩展为云服务模式,设计了基于云理念的电力系统数值仿真系统方案,确定了客户端和云端协调工作的模式。此方案下的云端资源池建立具有迅速、方便的优点,通过在各类服务器和计算机上安装计算引擎和连接到云端调度中心的服务接口软件构建起资源池,其中计算能力强的资源设备上安装多个接口软件,能同时为多个客户端提供服务。
最后,提出了计算机计算能力指标和可用计算能力指标,设计并实现了电力系统数值仿真云服务任务调度策略。云端的调度中心负责监听用户的服务申请,并同时监控各资源设备的CPU利用率和内存利用率,计算出当前此设备的可用计算能力指标。当接到用户的服务申请时,调度中心将把当前可用计算能力最强的资源设备的服务接口分配给用户,保证了各设备负载的平衡。实例仿真充分体现了基于云服务理念的资源共享方案可以在不影响云端资源设备提供者正常使用的情况下,有效地利用大量闲置的资源,为用户提供服务,从而提高资源的利用率
The numerical simulation plays an irreplaceable role in the power system planning, operation and security. Having complete models, acceptable computation accuracy and efficiency is the basic requirement of power system numerical simulation software. With the scale of the power system increasing, analysis demands of users have been becoming more and more diverse. To enable users to analyse and solve various problems quickly and flexibly, developing power system simulation software with excellent openness is of great significance.
Based on studying various power system numerical simulation softwares and analysing the problem of large amounts of idle computer resources, this paper presented an open power system numerical simulation system scheme which is based on the cloud concept. And the main contributions are stated below.
Firstly, the concept and role of the openness of power system numerical simulation program were discussed, emphasizing the significance of API (Application Program Interface)-based secondary development for the simulation software. An open power system simulation software system based on Client/Server (C/S) mode has been developed. The communication between two sides was realized through TCP/IP and with an identical standardized database (a normalized function table) established on both sides, the open application program interface was realized through table lookup, so the interaction between the client side and server side was achieved. The client-side secondary development is not limited to one programming language. Interface software packages have been developed in different programming languages including C++, Matlab and Python. For the calculation engine on the server side, open power system load flow calculation module and open power system electromechanical transient simulation module have been developed. Through experiments, it is verified that this kind of secondary development proposal enables users to utilize server-side powerful resource and develop various advanced analysis program, which is most convenient and efficient.
Secondly, the characteristics and applications of cloud computing were introduced. Combined with the concept of cloud resource sharing, the software system based on the C/S mode was extended to the cloud service mode. The power system numerical simulation system scheme based on the cloud concept was designed and the method of collaborative work between the client side and the cloud side was determined as well. In this scheme, cloud-side resource pool can be established quickly and easily. The calculation engine and service interface software are installed on a wide range of computers and the service interface software is connected to the cloud-side dispatching centre so as to establish the resource pool. Multiple interface softwares are installed on the high performance computers so that they can provide services to multiple clients at the same time.
Finally, the computing ability index and available computing ability index were proposed, which were applied to the cloud service dispatching strategy of the power system numerical simulation system. The cloud-side dispatching centre is responsible for listening to user's service application and monitoring the CPU utilization and memory utilization of various resources and facilities so as to calculate their current available computing ability indexes. When receiving user's service application, the dispatching centre will assign the service interface of the computer whose current available computing abilitiy value is the biggest to the user, which ensures that the computer load balance. Through experiment, it is verified that this system is able to utilize all kinds of idle computing resources to supply service to users without affecting the normal work of resource supplier.
论文分析了电力系统数值仿真软件的现状与大量计算机资源闲置的问题,提出了基于云理念的开放式电力系统数值仿真系统方案。主要研究工作如下：
首先,分析了电力系统数值仿真软件的开放性问题,强调了基于应用程序接口API的二次开发功能的重要性,研发了基于C/S模式的开放式电力系统数值仿真系统。系统基于客户端/服务器(C/S)模式,在客户端和服务器端分别建立制定结构的数据库(一张规范化的函数表),通过查表实现开放式应用程序接口,通过TCP/IP进行通讯,从而实现客户端与服务器端的交互。二次开发的应用不限于客户端具体的语言实现形式,开发了在C++、Matlab和Python环境下的接口库。服务器端的计算引擎实现了开放式电力系统潮流计算模块和开放式电力系统机电暂态仿真模块。实例仿真充分体现了基于C/S模式的API二次开发方案可以使用户通过利用服务器端的强大资源,开发各种高级应用分析程序,并且极大地缩短了开发时间,具有方便、快捷、高效的特点。
其次,研究了云计算的特征及其应用,结合云计算资源共享的理念,将上述C/S模式扩展为云服务模式,设计了基于云理念的电力系统数值仿真系统方案,确定了客户端和云端协调工作的模式。此方案下的云端资源池建立具有迅速、方便的优点,通过在各类服务器和计算机上安装计算引擎和连接到云端调度中心的服务接口软件构建起资源池,其中计算能力强的资源设备上安装多个接口软件,能同时为多个客户端提供服务。
最后,提出了计算机计算能力指标和可用计算能力指标,设计并实现了电力系统数值仿真云服务任务调度策略。云端的调度中心负责监听用户的服务申请,并同时监控各资源设备的CPU利用率和内存利用率,计算出当前此设备的可用计算能力指标。当接到用户的服务申请时,调度中心将把当前可用计算能力最强的资源设备的服务接口分配给用户,保证了各设备负载的平衡。实例仿真充分体现了基于云服务理念的资源共享方案可以在不影响云端资源设备提供者正常使用的情况下,有效地利用大量闲置的资源,为用户提供服务,从而提高资源的利用率
The numerical simulation plays an irreplaceable role in the power system planning, operation and security. Having complete models, acceptable computation accuracy and efficiency is the basic requirement of power system numerical simulation software. With the scale of the power system increasing, analysis demands of users have been becoming more and more diverse. To enable users to analyse and solve various problems quickly and flexibly, developing power system simulation software with excellent openness is of great significance.
Based on studying various power system numerical simulation softwares and analysing the problem of large amounts of idle computer resources, this paper presented an open power system numerical simulation system scheme which is based on the cloud concept. And the main contributions are stated below.
Firstly, the concept and role of the openness of power system numerical simulation program were discussed, emphasizing the significance of API (Application Program Interface)-based secondary development for the simulation software. An open power system simulation software system based on Client/Server (C/S) mode has been developed. The communication between two sides was realized through TCP/IP and with an identical standardized database (a normalized function table) established on both sides, the open application program interface was realized through table lookup, so the interaction between the client side and server side was achieved. The client-side secondary development is not limited to one programming language. Interface software packages have been developed in different programming languages including C++, Matlab and Python. For the calculation engine on the server side, open power system load flow calculation module and open power system electromechanical transient simulation module have been developed. Through experiments, it is verified that this kind of secondary development proposal enables users to utilize server-side powerful resource and develop various advanced analysis program, which is most convenient and efficient.
Secondly, the characteristics and applications of cloud computing were introduced. Combined with the concept of cloud resource sharing, the software system based on the C/S mode was extended to the cloud service mode. The power system numerical simulation system scheme based on the cloud concept was designed and the method of collaborative work between the client side and the cloud side was determined as well. In this scheme, cloud-side resource pool can be established quickly and easily. The calculation engine and service interface software are installed on a wide range of computers and the service interface software is connected to the cloud-side dispatching centre so as to establish the resource pool. Multiple interface softwares are installed on the high performance computers so that they can provide services to multiple clients at the same time.
Finally, the computing ability index and available computing ability index were proposed, which were applied to the cloud service dispatching strategy of the power system numerical simulation system. The cloud-side dispatching centre is responsible for listening to user's service application and monitoring the CPU utilization and memory utilization of various resources and facilities so as to calculate their current available computing ability indexes. When receiving user's service application, the dispatching centre will assign the service interface of the computer whose current available computing abilitiy value is the biggest to the user, which ensures that the computer load balance. Through experiment, it is verified that this system is able to utilize all kinds of idle computing resources to supply service to users without affecting the normal work of resource supplier.
引文
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