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绿篱修剪移动机器人控制系统研究
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摘要
高速公路中央隔离带绿篱的维护,人工作业的工作量巨大,因此,我们开展了绿篱修剪移动机器人系统的研究。绿篱修剪移动机器人控制系统是整个机器人系统的关键部分,它对机器人系统的实现具有重要的意义和实际价值。
     (1)基于绿篱作业的特点和机构学问题,运用D-H方法建立了绿篱修剪机器人坐标系和机器人物理模型;运用齐次变换法进行运动学分析,通过参数方程法对机器人的作业空间进行了分析。
     (2)基于绿篱修剪机器人运动学分析结果,应用拉格朗日—欧拉方法进行动力学分析。
     (3)基于绿篱作业控制要求设计模糊RBF神经网络的控制律以及自适应律。运用Simulink建立了模糊RBF神经网络控制仿真模型。仿真得到了绿篱修剪机器人六个关节的位置跟踪及跟踪误差、速度跟踪及跟踪误差、控制输入、模糊增益调整的曲线以及f趋近广的曲线的关系曲线。
     (4)在控制系统研究过程中,同时建立了独立PID控制仿真模型。仿真得到了机器人六个关节的位置跟踪及跟踪误差、速度跟踪及跟踪误差、控制输入曲线。
     (5)模糊RBF控制与独立PID控制仿真结果表明:模糊RBF神经网络控制效果比独立PID控制更优良,稳定性、抗干扰能力更强,控制精度更高。
     (6)根据绿篱修剪移动机器人的操作需要,运用Visual C++6.0完成了机器人控制系统的软件设计,软件运行成功,人机界面友好。
Hedge is an important way in greening environment,pruning hedges still stay manual operation at home and abroad,only alone artisanal workers,the workload and labor intensity is very huge.So,we begin to study the core of hedge pruning robot—the robot control system.
     Based on the characteristics of operation and mechanism,used D-H notation to set up robot coordinate system and physical model;get the normal solution and inverse solution by kinematics analysis of homogeneous transformation;and then,analysed the robot work space through parametric equation.
     Based on the physical model and the result of inematics analysis,get dynamical equation through lagrangian-Eulerian Method.
     Designed the control law and the adaptive law of fuzzy RBF neural network. According to robot dynamics equations, established fuzzy RBF neural network simulation models.And get the position tracking curves、velocity tracking curves、position tracking error curves、velocity tracking error curves、control input curves and fuzzy gain adjustment curves of six robot joint.Established PID simulation models,get that kind of curves like fuzzy RBF.
     Compared the simulink result of RBF fuzzy control and PID control:Fuzzy RBF neural network control performance better than the independent PID control.
     According to parameters and operational requirements of robot,used the MFC class of Visual C++ to design the robot control system software,including motion control,job control and arm control, run successfully, human-machine Interface friendly.
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