框支密肋复合板结构抗震性能研究
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摘要
底部大空间结构体系是为了适应现代建筑使用功能要求而出现的一种建筑结构形式。本文将节能抗震、绿色环保、轻质高强、刚度可调的密肋复合板结构与底部大空间结构结合,形成一种新型结构体系—框支密肋复合板结构,该结构体系具有刚度灵活可调和承载力分布合理等特点,拓展了密肋复合板结构的应用领域。论文在总结前期相关研究成果的基础上,引入斜交肋格的构造形式,结合试验研究、数值模拟与理论分析,对框支密肋复合板结构的受力机理、抗震设计方法、结构损伤耗能等方面进行了研究。论文主要工作如下：
1、进行4榀不同构造形式的1/2比例框支密肋复合板结构模型低周反复加载试验,分析结构的破坏过程、滞回特性、各构件钢筋的荷载—应变曲线及刚度退化规律、强度退化特性和可修复性,得到结构在受力性能、破坏形态和抗倒塌能力方面的特点,为该结构恢复力模型的建立提供参考。
2、采用非线性程序IDARC建立试件宏观单元模型,模拟框支密肋复合板结构的低周反复加载试验,模拟结果与试验吻合较好。并采用ANSYS软件分析试件在弹塑性阶段的细部受力特征。分析试验墙体在初始阶段及受力过程中各个控制阶段的转换层刚度比的变化,得到框支密肋复合板结构转换层刚度比独特规律,并给出最优设计刚度比。对某高层框支密肋复合板结构,进行结构近场地震响应分析,并与同等条件下框支剪力墙结构的非线性动态响应进行对比,得出框支密肋复合板结构的耗能能力与非线性地震响应特点,可为该结构非线性设计提供依据。
3、基于正交试验设计,对框支密肋复合板结构影响因素及设计计算公式进行分析。考虑框支梁高跨比、抗震墙截面宽度与高度比、密肋墙高跨比及正交肋格洞口位置变化的因素,计算框支密肋复合板结构中框支梁、柱内力和整体最大转角值。进行各影响因素的显著性分析,提出框支正交肋格和斜交肋格密肋复合板结构中框支梁承载力内力系数设计计算公式。
4、基于材料断裂理论中的Griffith能量释放观点和Irwin-Orowan能量平衡原理,探讨框支密肋复合墙体损伤现象及内在机理。结合墙体破坏特征,建立更合理的改进型损伤模型。并计算墙体各破坏状态的损伤指数界限值,量化分析墙体的滞回耗能能力和滞回曲线捏缩过程,可较为准确评估墙体损伤演化规律。
5、通过结构失效判别准则,分析结构失效程度,揭示框支密肋复合板结构的多道抗震防线原理。引入结构鲁棒性概念,进行结构主要构件密肋复合墙体易损指数和框支密肋复合板结构安全储备评价指标的量化分析,深入研究框支密肋复合板结构的抗震鲁棒性,为结构的抗倒塌设计提供新方法。
To cope with function of modern building, the structure with large space at the bottom is developing. This paper introduces Multi-ribbed Composite slab structure (MRC slab structure), whose displays good performance in energy saving and earthquake resistance, environmental protection, at the same time, owing to its lightness, strength, adjustable rigidity, to this structure. The Frame-supported Multi-ribbed Composite slab structure (FSMRC slab structure) is able to realize the reasonable distributions of the stiffness and the bearing forces, expand the application scope of MRC slab structure. Based on the prior related study results and the design of oblique frame-grid, the load-bearing mechanism, seismic design method and damage is studied, through model tests, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. The main parts of work are as follows:
1、Four FSMRC slab specimens with different forms were tested under cyclic loading, the failure process, hysteresis characteristic, the loading-strain curves of the reinforcing bars of the members, as well as the the stiffness-degradation law, strengthen-degradation performance and repairability were anlyzed. The characteristics of mechanical behavior, failure mode and collapse-resistant capacity were obtained, to provide reference for the establishment of the restoring force model.
2、The macro model was computed incorporated in the program IDARC, to simulate cyclic loading test of FSMRC slab structure. The calculating results have accordance well with experimental data. And detailed stress characteristics of the specimens in the elastic-plastic stage were simulated by ANSYS. Furthmore, the stiffness ratio of transfer-story was discussed in each control phrase, the unique rule on stiffness ratio of transfer story of FSMRC slab structure was given, moreover, optimal design of stiffness ratio was adviced. The computing models with high-storey FSMRC slab structure was established to make the near-field seismic response analysis, and compare with the nonlinear dynamic response of Frame-supported Shear wall structure (FSS wall structure) under the same terms. The characteristics of energy-dissipation and seismic-response were obtained, to provide the basis for the nonlinear design of the structure.
3、Based on the orthogonal design method, the influence factors and calculation formula of FSMRC slab structure were studied. Considering the factors of height-to-span ratio of the frame-supported beam, width-to-height ratio of the aseismic wall, height-to-span ratio of MRC wall and hole-position variation of orthogonal frame-grid, the internal force of frame-supported beam, frame-supported column and maximum angle of the overall structure were analyzed. The significant degree of various influence factors were determined, in addition, the calculation formula of bearing internal-force coefficient of frame-supported beam of the structure was also given.
4-Based on the Griffith energy release and Irwin-Orowan energy balance principle in material fracture theory, damage phenomenon and internal mechanism of FSMRC wall were examined. According to the failure features of the wall, a more reasonable improved damage model was set up. The boundary values of the damage index at different destructive state were researched, hysteretic energy dissipation and pinch process of hysteretic curve was analyzed quantitatively, so that the wall damage-evolution law was evaluated accurately.
5^Through the structure failure criterion, the structural failure degree was analyzed. Multi lines of defense principle of FSMRC slab structure was revealed. A new definition of structural robustness was given, in accordance with the quantitative analysis on vulnerable index of MRC wall and safety evaluation indicator of FSMRC slab structure, the structural seismic robustness was studied in depth, to provide a new method for structural anti-collapse design.
1、进行4榀不同构造形式的1/2比例框支密肋复合板结构模型低周反复加载试验,分析结构的破坏过程、滞回特性、各构件钢筋的荷载—应变曲线及刚度退化规律、强度退化特性和可修复性,得到结构在受力性能、破坏形态和抗倒塌能力方面的特点,为该结构恢复力模型的建立提供参考。
2、采用非线性程序IDARC建立试件宏观单元模型,模拟框支密肋复合板结构的低周反复加载试验,模拟结果与试验吻合较好。并采用ANSYS软件分析试件在弹塑性阶段的细部受力特征。分析试验墙体在初始阶段及受力过程中各个控制阶段的转换层刚度比的变化,得到框支密肋复合板结构转换层刚度比独特规律,并给出最优设计刚度比。对某高层框支密肋复合板结构,进行结构近场地震响应分析,并与同等条件下框支剪力墙结构的非线性动态响应进行对比,得出框支密肋复合板结构的耗能能力与非线性地震响应特点,可为该结构非线性设计提供依据。
3、基于正交试验设计,对框支密肋复合板结构影响因素及设计计算公式进行分析。考虑框支梁高跨比、抗震墙截面宽度与高度比、密肋墙高跨比及正交肋格洞口位置变化的因素,计算框支密肋复合板结构中框支梁、柱内力和整体最大转角值。进行各影响因素的显著性分析,提出框支正交肋格和斜交肋格密肋复合板结构中框支梁承载力内力系数设计计算公式。
4、基于材料断裂理论中的Griffith能量释放观点和Irwin-Orowan能量平衡原理,探讨框支密肋复合墙体损伤现象及内在机理。结合墙体破坏特征,建立更合理的改进型损伤模型。并计算墙体各破坏状态的损伤指数界限值,量化分析墙体的滞回耗能能力和滞回曲线捏缩过程,可较为准确评估墙体损伤演化规律。
5、通过结构失效判别准则,分析结构失效程度,揭示框支密肋复合板结构的多道抗震防线原理。引入结构鲁棒性概念,进行结构主要构件密肋复合墙体易损指数和框支密肋复合板结构安全储备评价指标的量化分析,深入研究框支密肋复合板结构的抗震鲁棒性,为结构的抗倒塌设计提供新方法。
To cope with function of modern building, the structure with large space at the bottom is developing. This paper introduces Multi-ribbed Composite slab structure (MRC slab structure), whose displays good performance in energy saving and earthquake resistance, environmental protection, at the same time, owing to its lightness, strength, adjustable rigidity, to this structure. The Frame-supported Multi-ribbed Composite slab structure (FSMRC slab structure) is able to realize the reasonable distributions of the stiffness and the bearing forces, expand the application scope of MRC slab structure. Based on the prior related study results and the design of oblique frame-grid, the load-bearing mechanism, seismic design method and damage is studied, through model tests, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. The main parts of work are as follows:
1、Four FSMRC slab specimens with different forms were tested under cyclic loading, the failure process, hysteresis characteristic, the loading-strain curves of the reinforcing bars of the members, as well as the the stiffness-degradation law, strengthen-degradation performance and repairability were anlyzed. The characteristics of mechanical behavior, failure mode and collapse-resistant capacity were obtained, to provide reference for the establishment of the restoring force model.
2、The macro model was computed incorporated in the program IDARC, to simulate cyclic loading test of FSMRC slab structure. The calculating results have accordance well with experimental data. And detailed stress characteristics of the specimens in the elastic-plastic stage were simulated by ANSYS. Furthmore, the stiffness ratio of transfer-story was discussed in each control phrase, the unique rule on stiffness ratio of transfer story of FSMRC slab structure was given, moreover, optimal design of stiffness ratio was adviced. The computing models with high-storey FSMRC slab structure was established to make the near-field seismic response analysis, and compare with the nonlinear dynamic response of Frame-supported Shear wall structure (FSS wall structure) under the same terms. The characteristics of energy-dissipation and seismic-response were obtained, to provide the basis for the nonlinear design of the structure.
3、Based on the orthogonal design method, the influence factors and calculation formula of FSMRC slab structure were studied. Considering the factors of height-to-span ratio of the frame-supported beam, width-to-height ratio of the aseismic wall, height-to-span ratio of MRC wall and hole-position variation of orthogonal frame-grid, the internal force of frame-supported beam, frame-supported column and maximum angle of the overall structure were analyzed. The significant degree of various influence factors were determined, in addition, the calculation formula of bearing internal-force coefficient of frame-supported beam of the structure was also given.
4-Based on the Griffith energy release and Irwin-Orowan energy balance principle in material fracture theory, damage phenomenon and internal mechanism of FSMRC wall were examined. According to the failure features of the wall, a more reasonable improved damage model was set up. The boundary values of the damage index at different destructive state were researched, hysteretic energy dissipation and pinch process of hysteretic curve was analyzed quantitatively, so that the wall damage-evolution law was evaluated accurately.
5^Through the structure failure criterion, the structural failure degree was analyzed. Multi lines of defense principle of FSMRC slab structure was revealed. A new definition of structural robustness was given, in accordance with the quantitative analysis on vulnerable index of MRC wall and safety evaluation indicator of FSMRC slab structure, the structural seismic robustness was studied in depth, to provide a new method for structural anti-collapse design.
引文
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