剖面声纳多通道数据采集系统的设计与实现
摘要
近年来,随着海洋开发和水下探测需求的日益增加,高分辨率剖面声纳的研究越来越受到重视。多通道数据采集系统是剖面声纳的重要组成部分,用于对海底回波信号进行实时采集,并将采集到的数据传送给数据处理单元进行数据处理。
本文研究了剖面声纳的工作原理、系统构成及技术指标,掌握了剖面声纳数据采集系统设计理论,在其基础上研制了一套剖面声纳多通道数据采集系统。
本文对水声信号接收系统的结构进行了分析和研究,学习了水声接收机设计理论。论证了剖面声纳信号接收与调理方案。设计了多通道水声信号调理系统。实现了对信号的放大、滤波及差分转换等功能,为信号的数字量化采集打下了基础。并且对多通道数据采集技术进行了理论研究,研制了多通道数据采集板硬件电路,这其中包括模数转换电路、数据缓冲电路、主控FPGA电路、DSP数据校验电路及数据传输电路。
本文完成了数据采集系统和并行数据处理系统两片FPGA的内部逻辑设计。对数据采集板上FPGA编程,通过对模数转换器和D触发器的逻辑控制实现了对信号同步采集、分时顺序上传的功能。实现了数据的打包和符号位扩展。完成了基于CY7B923/933芯片的数据传输控制逻辑。通过对数据处理系统帧结构的研究,基于对数据处理板上FPGA的编程,完成接收数据的重新排列与分时传输。
通过对数据采集系统的FPGA和DSP编程,实现了对AD采集数据的校验功能。
在多通道数据采集系统的软、硬件研制完成后,与后端数据处理板进行了实验室电联调,经测试,各项功能指标符合剖面声纳的设计要求。系统运行稳定可靠,在多次考机实验中未出现故障。
Recently, with the increasing requirements of ocean exploitation and underwater detection, the development of high-resolution profiler sonar system obtains extensive attention. The multi-channel Data Acquisition System (DAQ system), is an important component of profiler sonar system, which is applied to data acquisition and transmission of submarine sediment echo signal.
The thesis studies the structure, specification and the operating principle of the profiler sonar system, on the basis of this, the design theory of DAQ system has been mastered, and then we develop and manufacture a multi-channel DAQ system.
Firstly, through the analysis of the structure of underwater acoustic signal receiving system, the designing theory has been mastered. And then, the scheme of the implement of the analog signal receiving of profiler sonar system and regulation are verified, and the feasibility is proved. Based on this, the analog receiving and regulation system is designed, the key technique of the system is about amplifying, filtering, and differential conversing of the receiving analog signal. And then, the theory and the technology of multi-channel DAQ system are studied. And then, the hardware circuit of multi-channel DAQ system has been researched and developed, including the analog to digital conversion circuit, the data buffer circuit, the master control circuit which is realized by FPGA, the data verification circuit which is implemented by DSP and the data transmission circuit.
Secondly, the logic program of the system is programmed and verified, the program is composed of two major parts. The first part is used to realize five main functions such as synchronous converse of the analog signal to digital signal, timing-sharing transmission of data, data sign extension, data packeting, and data transmission by CY7B923/933. The first part is used to realize two main functions such as the reordering of the data and the timing-sharing transmission.
Thirdly, the programme of the data acquisition system is finished, the programme is debugged on the plate form of DSP, and the result proved that the performance is good.
At last, after completing the hardware and software design of the DAQ system, the electronic joint test of the DAQ system and the Data Processing System was accomplished. The result of the test proved that the system is stable and could satisfy the requirement.
本文研究了剖面声纳的工作原理、系统构成及技术指标,掌握了剖面声纳数据采集系统设计理论,在其基础上研制了一套剖面声纳多通道数据采集系统。
本文对水声信号接收系统的结构进行了分析和研究,学习了水声接收机设计理论。论证了剖面声纳信号接收与调理方案。设计了多通道水声信号调理系统。实现了对信号的放大、滤波及差分转换等功能,为信号的数字量化采集打下了基础。并且对多通道数据采集技术进行了理论研究,研制了多通道数据采集板硬件电路,这其中包括模数转换电路、数据缓冲电路、主控FPGA电路、DSP数据校验电路及数据传输电路。
本文完成了数据采集系统和并行数据处理系统两片FPGA的内部逻辑设计。对数据采集板上FPGA编程,通过对模数转换器和D触发器的逻辑控制实现了对信号同步采集、分时顺序上传的功能。实现了数据的打包和符号位扩展。完成了基于CY7B923/933芯片的数据传输控制逻辑。通过对数据处理系统帧结构的研究,基于对数据处理板上FPGA的编程,完成接收数据的重新排列与分时传输。
通过对数据采集系统的FPGA和DSP编程,实现了对AD采集数据的校验功能。
在多通道数据采集系统的软、硬件研制完成后,与后端数据处理板进行了实验室电联调,经测试,各项功能指标符合剖面声纳的设计要求。系统运行稳定可靠,在多次考机实验中未出现故障。
Recently, with the increasing requirements of ocean exploitation and underwater detection, the development of high-resolution profiler sonar system obtains extensive attention. The multi-channel Data Acquisition System (DAQ system), is an important component of profiler sonar system, which is applied to data acquisition and transmission of submarine sediment echo signal.
The thesis studies the structure, specification and the operating principle of the profiler sonar system, on the basis of this, the design theory of DAQ system has been mastered, and then we develop and manufacture a multi-channel DAQ system.
Firstly, through the analysis of the structure of underwater acoustic signal receiving system, the designing theory has been mastered. And then, the scheme of the implement of the analog signal receiving of profiler sonar system and regulation are verified, and the feasibility is proved. Based on this, the analog receiving and regulation system is designed, the key technique of the system is about amplifying, filtering, and differential conversing of the receiving analog signal. And then, the theory and the technology of multi-channel DAQ system are studied. And then, the hardware circuit of multi-channel DAQ system has been researched and developed, including the analog to digital conversion circuit, the data buffer circuit, the master control circuit which is realized by FPGA, the data verification circuit which is implemented by DSP and the data transmission circuit.
Secondly, the logic program of the system is programmed and verified, the program is composed of two major parts. The first part is used to realize five main functions such as synchronous converse of the analog signal to digital signal, timing-sharing transmission of data, data sign extension, data packeting, and data transmission by CY7B923/933. The first part is used to realize two main functions such as the reordering of the data and the timing-sharing transmission.
Thirdly, the programme of the data acquisition system is finished, the programme is debugged on the plate form of DSP, and the result proved that the performance is good.
At last, after completing the hardware and software design of the DAQ system, the electronic joint test of the DAQ system and the Data Processing System was accomplished. The result of the test proved that the system is stable and could satisfy the requirement.
引文
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[2]沈兰荪.数据采集技术.中国科技大学出版社,1990:9页
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[5]ADLINK Technology Inc.cPCI-9116 Seriers 64CH 16Bit 250kS/s Multi-Function DAQ Modules.2006
[6]National Instruments Corporation.High-Performance M Seriers Mutifunction DAQ.2007
[7]王继胜.小平台剖面声纳的关键技术研究.哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文.2007:154-160页
[8]Schock,S.G.Remote estimates of physical and acoustic sediment properties in the South China Sea using chirp sonar data and the biot model.IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2004
[9]王玉泉著.水声设备.国防工业出版社,1990:45-46页
[10]王继胜.剖面声呐电路系统的设计与实现。哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文.2003:11-12页
[11]袭江涛.基于FPGA的高精度地震勘探数据采集系统.成都理工大学硕士学位论文.2007:7-21页
[12]汪安民,程昱,徐宝根著.DSP嵌入式系统开发典型案例.人民邮电出版社,2007:15-57页
[13]徐甲同,李学干.并行处理技术[M].西安.西安电子科技大学出版社,1999.15-23页
[14]Texas Instruments Inc.TMS320DM642 Video/Imaging Fixed-Point Digital Sigal Processor[EB/OL].2005
[15]Texas Instruments Inc.Dual Wideband,Low-Noise Operational Amplifier OPA2822.2002
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[17]童诗白,华成英.模拟电子技术基础,第三版.高等教育出版社,2001:171-200页
[18]Analog Devic,Inc.5V Precision Voltage Reference/Temprature Transduser.2005
[19]刘宝琴,郑君里编著.脉冲数字电路及其应用.上册.人民邮电出版社,1985
[20]胡广书编著.数字信号处理——理论、算法与实现.清华大学出版社,1997
[21]John M.Yarbrough.著,李书浩等.译.数字逻辑应用与设计.机械工业出版社,2001
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[24]章平.高速串行数据收发器CY78923/933及应用.电子技术应用.2001(6):76-78页
[25]高进,谢艳,覃宗后.基于FPGA的CY78923/933复用/解复用器在光纤通信中的应用.光通信技术.2007(3):40-41页
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[32]ACEX1K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet.Altera,May 2003
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[35]Texas Instruments Inc.TMS320VC33 Digital Signal Processor.2005
[36]杜普选,马庆龙.实时DSP技术及浮点处理器的应用.清华大学出版社,2007
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[40]ADVANTECH.Analog Devices Inc,Automation Solution Guide,Beijing,2001
[41]赵鑫,蒋亮,齐兆群,李晓凯.VHDL与数字电路设计.机械工业出版社,2005,6:5-7页
[2]沈兰荪.数据采集技术.中国科技大学出版社,1990:9页
[3]聂海霞,宋浩然.ADI在数据采集系统领域的新技术与发展趋势.美国模拟器件公司.2007
[4]苏世栋.智能仪器及数据采集系统的现状及发展.运城学院学报.2004,22(2):18-19页
[5]ADLINK Technology Inc.cPCI-9116 Seriers 64CH 16Bit 250kS/s Multi-Function DAQ Modules.2006
[6]National Instruments Corporation.High-Performance M Seriers Mutifunction DAQ.2007
[7]王继胜.小平台剖面声纳的关键技术研究.哈尔滨工程大学博士学位论文.2007:154-160页
[8]Schock,S.G.Remote estimates of physical and acoustic sediment properties in the South China Sea using chirp sonar data and the biot model.IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2004
[9]王玉泉著.水声设备.国防工业出版社,1990:45-46页
[10]王继胜.剖面声呐电路系统的设计与实现。哈尔滨工程大学硕士学位论文.2003:11-12页
[11]袭江涛.基于FPGA的高精度地震勘探数据采集系统.成都理工大学硕士学位论文.2007:7-21页
[12]汪安民,程昱,徐宝根著.DSP嵌入式系统开发典型案例.人民邮电出版社,2007:15-57页
[13]徐甲同,李学干.并行处理技术[M].西安.西安电子科技大学出版社,1999.15-23页
[14]Texas Instruments Inc.TMS320DM642 Video/Imaging Fixed-Point Digital Sigal Processor[EB/OL].2005
[15]Texas Instruments Inc.Dual Wideband,Low-Noise Operational Amplifier OPA2822.2002
[16]谢自美.电子线路设计-实验-测试.华中科技大学出版社,2000:25-40页
[17]童诗白,华成英.模拟电子技术基础,第三版.高等教育出版社,2001:171-200页
[18]Analog Devic,Inc.5V Precision Voltage Reference/Temprature Transduser.2005
[19]刘宝琴,郑君里编著.脉冲数字电路及其应用.上册.人民邮电出版社,1985
[20]胡广书编著.数字信号处理——理论、算法与实现.清华大学出版社,1997
[21]John M.Yarbrough.著,李书浩等.译.数字逻辑应用与设计.机械工业出版社,2001
[22]Texas Instruments Inc.16-Bit 500kSPS microPower Sampling Analog-to-Digital Converter ADS8323.May,2002
[23]Cypress Semiconductor Corperation.Hotlink~(TM) Transmiter/Receiver CY7B923/CY7B933.1999
[24]章平.高速串行数据收发器CY78923/933及应用.电子技术应用.2001(6):76-78页
[25]高进,谢艳,覃宗后.基于FPGA的CY78923/933复用/解复用器在光纤通信中的应用.光通信技术.2007(3):40-41页
[26]Micrel,Inc.MIC29310/29312 3A Fast-Response LDO Regulator.1999
[27]Linear Technology Corporation.Low Dropout regulator LT1185.1994
[28]Texas Instruments Inc.TPS767D310/318/325 Dual-Output Low-Dropout Voltage regulators.2000
[29]Cypress Semiconductor Corperation.Low-cost 3.3V Zero Delay Buffer CY2305/2309.1999
[30]Cypress Semiconductor Corperation.CY2305 and CY2309 as PCI SDRAM Buffers.1997
[31]刘韬,楼兴华.FPGA数字电子系统设计与开发实例导航.人民邮电出版社,2005:5-6页
[32]ACEX1K Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet.Altera,May 2003
[33]San Jose.Configuration Handbook.Altera Corporation,August 2005
[34]Sen M.Kuo,Bob H.lee,卢伯英译.实时数字信号处理.中国铁道出版社,2005
[35]Texas Instruments Inc.TMS320VC33 Digital Signal Processor.2005
[36]杜普选,马庆龙.实时DSP技术及浮点处理器的应用.清华大学出版社,2007
[37]Richard O.Duda Peter E.Hart David G..Stork.Pattern Classification Second Edition,2001:38-218 P
[38]Silicon Storage Technology,Inc.SST39LF200A/400A/800A Data Sheet.2001
[39]Liu L,Hu YS.Digital signal processing with field programmable gate Arrays[M].Beijing;Tsinghua University Press,2003:1-2P
[40]ADVANTECH.Analog Devices Inc,Automation Solution Guide,Beijing,2001
[41]赵鑫,蒋亮,齐兆群,李晓凯.VHDL与数字电路设计.机械工业出版社,2005,6:5-7页