太阳能驱动A~2/O工艺处理农村生活污水研究
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摘要
本文针对目前常用农村生活污水处理技术效率较低,而城市污水处理技术再农村使用的运行成本较高的现状,将太阳能技术与A2/O工艺相结合处理农村生活污水,通过引入太阳能作为新型能源,为污水处理中的增氧曝气提供动力,克服运行成本的瓶颈,从而开发出农村生活污水处理新技术。
本文主要从三个方面展开研究：①现有生活污水处理技术的特点分析,用太阳能进行功能强化的配套性等；②不同气象条件对太阳能发电量以及对曝气效果的影响；③两种水力负荷下太阳能驱动A2/O工艺的处理效果,以及工艺运行策略研究等。主要得到如下结果：
(1)不同气象条件对太阳能发电量以及对曝气效果的影响研究表明：①太阳能板发电量随着天气的晴天、多云、阴天和雨天的不同变化呈现出显著的差异性。②发电量基本可以满足曝气量的需求,发电量不是曝气量的决定性因素,影响曝气量的还有其他很多因素,比如：蓄电池的充放电特征、曝气方式等。③排除雨水的稀释作用、水力负荷、水体中污染物的浓度、曝气方式等因素的影响,曝气量和好氧池中的溶解氧水平呈正相关性。
(2)太阳能驱动A2/O工艺的运行效果研究表明：①TN去除效果在水力负荷为30031/d.m2时较好；②两种水力负荷下氨氮去除效果差异不显著；③两种水力负荷下TP去除效果差异不显著,只是当水力负荷由15011/d.m2提升至30031/d.m2时,系统会受到冲击,需要经过一个短暂的恢复期来恢复除磷效率；④两种水力负荷下COD的去除效果差异显著。当水力负荷为15011/d.m2时,去除效果较好；当水力负荷为30031/d.m2时,去除效果较差。
This research directs at curret situation that the efficiency of current rural sewage treatment technology which is always used is low and current situation that the high cost of urban sewage treatment technology when used in rural area.It conbines solar technology and A2/O technology that treats rural sewage to treat rual sewage. It introduces solar energy as new energy to supply power for oxygen aeration to overcome the bottleneck of operating cost,in order to develope new technology treating rural sewage.
This research unfolds in three sides. Firstly, analysis of features of current rural sewage treatment technology and the charactersitics of match using solar energy to strengthen funtion.Secondly,it mainly researchs the effect of different weather condition has on generation of solar energy and aeration effect.Thirdly, it researchs the treatment effect of A2/O technology driven by solar energy under two hydraulic loadings,and it researchs the strategy of process operation.
This research has three conclusions.
(1)Firstly, generating capacity of solar panels shows significant differences with the changing of weather conditons sunny,cloudy and rainy. Secondly,generation basicly meets the need of aeration. Generation is not decisive factor that effcets aeration. There are many other factors that affect aeration,such as charging and discharging characteristics of battery,the way of aeration,the volume of aeration and so on. Thirdly,excluding the effects of factors such as dilution of rainwater, hydraulic loading,the concerntration of pollutants in waterbody,the way of aeration,the volume of aeration has positive correlation with DO in aerobic pond.
(2) Firstly, when hydraulic loadings is 30031/d.m2,the removing effect of TN is better. Secondly, the removing effect of Ammonia dose not show significant difference under two hydraulic loadings.Thirdly,the removing effect of TP dose not show significant difference under two hydraulic loadings.But when the hydraulic loading increases from 15011/d.m2 to 30031/d.m2, the system suffers impact. It needs a short convalescence to regain effect of removing of TP. fourthly, the removing effect of COD shows significant difference under two hydraulic loadings.When the hydraulic loading is 15011/d.m2,the removing effect of COD is better.When the hydraulic loading is 30031/d.m2,the removing effect of COD is worse.
本文主要从三个方面展开研究：①现有生活污水处理技术的特点分析,用太阳能进行功能强化的配套性等；②不同气象条件对太阳能发电量以及对曝气效果的影响；③两种水力负荷下太阳能驱动A2/O工艺的处理效果,以及工艺运行策略研究等。主要得到如下结果：
(1)不同气象条件对太阳能发电量以及对曝气效果的影响研究表明：①太阳能板发电量随着天气的晴天、多云、阴天和雨天的不同变化呈现出显著的差异性。②发电量基本可以满足曝气量的需求,发电量不是曝气量的决定性因素,影响曝气量的还有其他很多因素,比如：蓄电池的充放电特征、曝气方式等。③排除雨水的稀释作用、水力负荷、水体中污染物的浓度、曝气方式等因素的影响,曝气量和好氧池中的溶解氧水平呈正相关性。
(2)太阳能驱动A2/O工艺的运行效果研究表明：①TN去除效果在水力负荷为30031/d.m2时较好；②两种水力负荷下氨氮去除效果差异不显著；③两种水力负荷下TP去除效果差异不显著,只是当水力负荷由15011/d.m2提升至30031/d.m2时,系统会受到冲击,需要经过一个短暂的恢复期来恢复除磷效率；④两种水力负荷下COD的去除效果差异显著。当水力负荷为15011/d.m2时,去除效果较好；当水力负荷为30031/d.m2时,去除效果较差。
This research directs at curret situation that the efficiency of current rural sewage treatment technology which is always used is low and current situation that the high cost of urban sewage treatment technology when used in rural area.It conbines solar technology and A2/O technology that treats rural sewage to treat rual sewage. It introduces solar energy as new energy to supply power for oxygen aeration to overcome the bottleneck of operating cost,in order to develope new technology treating rural sewage.
This research unfolds in three sides. Firstly, analysis of features of current rural sewage treatment technology and the charactersitics of match using solar energy to strengthen funtion.Secondly,it mainly researchs the effect of different weather condition has on generation of solar energy and aeration effect.Thirdly, it researchs the treatment effect of A2/O technology driven by solar energy under two hydraulic loadings,and it researchs the strategy of process operation.
This research has three conclusions.
(1)Firstly, generating capacity of solar panels shows significant differences with the changing of weather conditons sunny,cloudy and rainy. Secondly,generation basicly meets the need of aeration. Generation is not decisive factor that effcets aeration. There are many other factors that affect aeration,such as charging and discharging characteristics of battery,the way of aeration,the volume of aeration and so on. Thirdly,excluding the effects of factors such as dilution of rainwater, hydraulic loading,the concerntration of pollutants in waterbody,the way of aeration,the volume of aeration has positive correlation with DO in aerobic pond.
(2) Firstly, when hydraulic loadings is 30031/d.m2,the removing effect of TN is better. Secondly, the removing effect of Ammonia dose not show significant difference under two hydraulic loadings.Thirdly,the removing effect of TP dose not show significant difference under two hydraulic loadings.But when the hydraulic loading increases from 15011/d.m2 to 30031/d.m2, the system suffers impact. It needs a short convalescence to regain effect of removing of TP. fourthly, the removing effect of COD shows significant difference under two hydraulic loadings.When the hydraulic loading is 15011/d.m2,the removing effect of COD is better.When the hydraulic loading is 30031/d.m2,the removing effect of COD is worse.
引文
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[3]V. Kanyiginyaa, F. Kansiimea, R. Kimwagab,et al. Assessment of nutrient retention by Natete wetland Kampala, Uganda[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2010,35(14):657-664.
[4]S. Katayona, M.J. Megat Mohd Noora, L.A. Abdul Ghania,et al. Influence of cationic polyelectrolyte coagulant on microfiltration performance for treatment of oxidation pond effluent[J]. Desalination and the Environment,2005,184(3):423-430.
[5]Weijia Gong, Wenzhe Li, Heng Liang. Application of A/O-MBR for treatment of digestate from anaerobic digestion of cow manure[J].Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 2010,85(10):1334-1339.
[6]H. Al-Zoubia, A. Riegerb,P. Steinbergerb,et al.Optimization Study for Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage Using Membrane Technology[J].2010,45(14):2004-2016.
[7]F. Ciappelloni, D. Mazouni, J. Harmand, et al. On-line supervision and control of an aerobic SBR process,2006,53(1):169-177.
[8]何少林,李旭东,黄翔峰,等.高效藻类塘系统处理农村污水脱氮除磷及其强化研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(2)：36.
[9]陈鹏,肖琳,史小丽,等.胞内海藻糖在CP02菌降解对苯二甲酸中的作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(5)：116-118.
[10]王晖文,韩会玲.人工湿地污水净化处理研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,44(1)：16-18.
[11]侯国华,范志云,甘一萍,等.土壤渗滤对有机微污染物去除性能研究[J].环境工程学报,2009,45(7)：1120-1123.
[12]张洪芬,李绪谦,王春来,等.土壤渗滤法治理湿地水环境污染[J].城市环境与城市生态,2002,16(6)：210-211.
[13]马丽珠,陈建中,和丽萍.土壤渗滤系统处理生活污水[J].环境科学而导刊,2009,15(6)：42-46.
[14]贺永华,冯华军,周旭辉,等.农村生活污水地埋式无动力厌氧处理技术研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7)：111-113.
[15]贺永华,冯华军,周旭辉,等.农村生活污水地埋式无动力厌氧处理技术研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7)：111-113.
[16]王文祥,齐水冰,刘铁梅.厌氧生物处理技术发展概况[J].内蒙古环境科学,2009,21(2)：65-66.
[17]刘红波,邵丕红,韩相奎.几种污水厌氧生物处理技术[J].长春工程学院学报,2006,7(3)：39-42.
[18]赵慧君.厌氧生物处理技术[J].石油化工环境保护,1996,8(1)：19-21.
[19]王晖文,韩会玲.人工湿地污水净化处理研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(1)：163-164.
[20]孙逊.人工湿地废水处理技术的应用与前景[J].山西建筑,2009,35(6)：211-212.
[21]李川.人工湿地污水处理系统研究[J].甘肃水利水电技术,2009,45(2)：45-47.
[22]吴磊,吕锡武,李先宁,等.处理农村污水的跌水充氧接触氧化技术设计研究[J].安全与环境工程,2007,14(3)：33-35.
[23]吴磊,吕锡武,李先宁,等.厌氧/跌水充氧接触氧化/人工湿地处理农村污水[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(3)：35-37.
[24]吴磊,吕锡武,李先宁,等.处理农村污水的跌水充氧接触氧化技术设计研究[J].安全与环境工程,2007,14(3)：33-35.
[25]李松,单胜道,曾林慧,等.人工湿地/稳定塘工艺处理农村生活污水[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(10)：67-68.
[26]何小莲,李俊峰,何新林,等.稳定塘污水处理技术的研究进展[J].水资源与水工程学报,2007,18(5)：75-76.
[27]王鹏,董仁杰,吴树彪,等.水力负荷对潜流湿地净化效果和氧环境的影响[J].水处理技术,2009,35(12)：48-49.
[28]傅金祥,陈东宁,李微,等.水力负荷对A/O生物滤池处理生活污水的影响[J].沈阳建筑大学学报,2008,24(3)：447-448.
[29]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法(4版)[M].北京：环境科学出版社,2002.
[30]杨协栋,李月中,张林生,等.新型MBR工艺对垃圾渗滤液TN去除的研究[J].污染防治技术,2009,22(6)：21-23.
[31]卓桂华,许宝地,赵由才.水泥对渗滤液尾水总氮的去除研究[J].有色冶金设计与研究,30(6)：88-90.
[32]高秀花,刘宝林,李昌林,等.好氧反硝化生物脱氮研究进展[J].给水排水2009,35(2)：58-60.
[33]苏彩丽,金泳昌,季宝杰.短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2009,32(4)：92-94.
[34]崔玉波,伊军.缺氧吸磷与反硝化问题的探讨[J].中国给水排水,2003,19(8)：33-34.
[2]Maria C. Maniquiz, So-Young Lee, Lee-Hyung Kim.Long-Term Mnitoring of infiltration Trench for Nonpoint Source Pollution Control [J].Water Air and Soil pollution,2007,212 (4):21-32.
[3]V. Kanyiginyaa, F. Kansiimea, R. Kimwagab,et al. Assessment of nutrient retention by Natete wetland Kampala, Uganda[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2010,35(14):657-664.
[4]S. Katayona, M.J. Megat Mohd Noora, L.A. Abdul Ghania,et al. Influence of cationic polyelectrolyte coagulant on microfiltration performance for treatment of oxidation pond effluent[J]. Desalination and the Environment,2005,184(3):423-430.
[5]Weijia Gong, Wenzhe Li, Heng Liang. Application of A/O-MBR for treatment of digestate from anaerobic digestion of cow manure[J].Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 2010,85(10):1334-1339.
[6]H. Al-Zoubia, A. Riegerb,P. Steinbergerb,et al.Optimization Study for Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage Using Membrane Technology[J].2010,45(14):2004-2016.
[7]F. Ciappelloni, D. Mazouni, J. Harmand, et al. On-line supervision and control of an aerobic SBR process,2006,53(1):169-177.
[8]何少林,李旭东,黄翔峰,等.高效藻类塘系统处理农村污水脱氮除磷及其强化研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(2)：36.
[9]陈鹏,肖琳,史小丽,等.胞内海藻糖在CP02菌降解对苯二甲酸中的作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(5)：116-118.
[10]王晖文,韩会玲.人工湿地污水净化处理研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,44(1)：16-18.
[11]侯国华,范志云,甘一萍,等.土壤渗滤对有机微污染物去除性能研究[J].环境工程学报,2009,45(7)：1120-1123.
[12]张洪芬,李绪谦,王春来,等.土壤渗滤法治理湿地水环境污染[J].城市环境与城市生态,2002,16(6)：210-211.
[13]马丽珠,陈建中,和丽萍.土壤渗滤系统处理生活污水[J].环境科学而导刊,2009,15(6)：42-46.
[14]贺永华,冯华军,周旭辉,等.农村生活污水地埋式无动力厌氧处理技术研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7)：111-113.
[15]贺永华,冯华军,周旭辉,等.农村生活污水地埋式无动力厌氧处理技术研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(7)：111-113.
[16]王文祥,齐水冰,刘铁梅.厌氧生物处理技术发展概况[J].内蒙古环境科学,2009,21(2)：65-66.
[17]刘红波,邵丕红,韩相奎.几种污水厌氧生物处理技术[J].长春工程学院学报,2006,7(3)：39-42.
[18]赵慧君.厌氧生物处理技术[J].石油化工环境保护,1996,8(1)：19-21.
[19]王晖文,韩会玲.人工湿地污水净化处理研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(1)：163-164.
[20]孙逊.人工湿地废水处理技术的应用与前景[J].山西建筑,2009,35(6)：211-212.
[21]李川.人工湿地污水处理系统研究[J].甘肃水利水电技术,2009,45(2)：45-47.
[22]吴磊,吕锡武,李先宁,等.处理农村污水的跌水充氧接触氧化技术设计研究[J].安全与环境工程,2007,14(3)：33-35.
[23]吴磊,吕锡武,李先宁,等.厌氧/跌水充氧接触氧化/人工湿地处理农村污水[J].中国给水排水,2007,23(3)：35-37.
[24]吴磊,吕锡武,李先宁,等.处理农村污水的跌水充氧接触氧化技术设计研究[J].安全与环境工程,2007,14(3)：33-35.
[25]李松,单胜道,曾林慧,等.人工湿地/稳定塘工艺处理农村生活污水[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(10)：67-68.
[26]何小莲,李俊峰,何新林,等.稳定塘污水处理技术的研究进展[J].水资源与水工程学报,2007,18(5)：75-76.
[27]王鹏,董仁杰,吴树彪,等.水力负荷对潜流湿地净化效果和氧环境的影响[J].水处理技术,2009,35(12)：48-49.
[28]傅金祥,陈东宁,李微,等.水力负荷对A/O生物滤池处理生活污水的影响[J].沈阳建筑大学学报,2008,24(3)：447-448.
[29]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法(4版)[M].北京：环境科学出版社,2002.
[30]杨协栋,李月中,张林生,等.新型MBR工艺对垃圾渗滤液TN去除的研究[J].污染防治技术,2009,22(6)：21-23.
[31]卓桂华,许宝地,赵由才.水泥对渗滤液尾水总氮的去除研究[J].有色冶金设计与研究,30(6)：88-90.
[32]高秀花,刘宝林,李昌林,等.好氧反硝化生物脱氮研究进展[J].给水排水2009,35(2)：58-60.
[33]苏彩丽,金泳昌,季宝杰.短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2009,32(4)：92-94.
[34]崔玉波,伊军.缺氧吸磷与反硝化问题的探讨[J].中国给水排水,2003,19(8)：33-34.
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