缓倾斜中厚煤层沿空留巷合理支护研究
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摘要
在传统的煤炭开采中,巷道的维护往往需要留设一部分煤柱,这就造成了煤炭资源的大量损失。为了合理开采煤炭资源、提高煤炭资源采出率、提高煤炭回收率,我国大部分煤矿都采用沿空留巷技术对巷道进行维护。其优点有减少巷道掘进量、降低开掘率、改善巷道维护、缓解采掘接替矛盾、技术和经济效益显著等。沿空留巷技术的成功与否,关键在于巷旁支护以及巷内支护的合理选择,因而开展沿空留巷巷道的合理支护研究有着重要的实际意义。
本文以达竹煤电集团公司内连缓倾斜中厚煤层综采工作面为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值计算分析和现场试验相结合的研究方法,对缓倾斜中厚煤层综采工作面沿空留巷支护方案进行对比分析研究,提出了合理的巷旁和巷内支护方案。论文取得的主要研究成果如下:
(1)分析研究了沿空留巷围岩活动规律,建立沿空留巷力学计算模型,为沿空留巷支护设计提供科学依据;
(2)通过对沿空留巷围岩活动规律以及巷内和巷旁常用支护方式研究,结合现场实际情况,设计了五种支护方案,即方案一:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用密集支柱支护;方案二:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用矸石带支护;方案三:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用普通混凝土充填支护;方案四:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用普通混凝土充填加锚索联合支护;方案五:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用普通混凝土砌块支护;
(3)采用适合分析岩层断裂和垮落的离散元数值分析软件UDEC对五种方案进行数值分析研究,得出各种支护方案下围岩的变形情况,通过对比分析确定采用方案三、四和五进行现场沿空留巷试验;
(4)根据现场试验、矿压监测以及经济效益分析,得出采用巷内锚杆(索)网、巷旁普通混凝土砌块支护方案是合理、有效、经济的支护方案。沿空留巷后,巷道完全能够满足下区段工作面安全生产的需要。
In the traditional coal mining, roadway maintenance often requires leaving in part of the coal pillar, which resulted in significant loss of coal resources. In order to rational exploit the coal resources, enhance the coal resources recovery, most coal mines in our country have to maintain roadway by gob-side entry retaining. Its advantages have reducing the amount of roadway excavation, reduced roadway excavation rate, improve roadway maintenance, significant of economic and technical benefits and so on. The successful of gob-side entry retaining lie in the choice of roadside support and entry-in support. So it’s very important to research of the reasonable support in gob-side entry retaining.
Based on the geological condition of fully-mechanized face in gently inclined and middle thick coal seam of Dazhu coal-electricity group, the supporting scheme of gob-side entry retaining in 3117 face of Jingang mine was compared, the rational and effective supporting scheme of gob-side entry retaining was obtained by using combined research of the theoretical analysis, the numerical analysis and the field measurement. There main search achievements are as follows:
(1) Studied on the moving rule of surrounding rock and established mechanics calculation model of gob-side entry retaining, provide the scientific basis for supporting design of gob-side entry retaining.
(2) Five supporting scheme was designed by study on the moving rule of surrounding rock and common way of roadside support and roadway support. Supporting scheme one: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and dense pillar support in roadside; Supporting scheme two: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and gangue support in roadside; Supporting scheme three: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and filling common concrete to support in roadside; Supporting scheme four: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and combined support common concrete and anchor cable in roadside; Supporting scheme five: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and concrete block support in roadside.
(3) Using the numerical analysis software UDEC which is suited to analyses rock stratum rupture and collapse, obtained the deformation of surrounding rock of the five supporting scheme. Determined use the supporting scheme three, four and five to field tests by comparison analysis.
(4) According to field tests, ground pressure monitoring and economic analysis, the supporting scheme five which is bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and concrete block support in roadside is reasonable, effective and economical. Roadway can completely satisfy the needs of production in the next face after gob-side entry retaining.
本文以达竹煤电集团公司内连缓倾斜中厚煤层综采工作面为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值计算分析和现场试验相结合的研究方法,对缓倾斜中厚煤层综采工作面沿空留巷支护方案进行对比分析研究,提出了合理的巷旁和巷内支护方案。论文取得的主要研究成果如下:
(1)分析研究了沿空留巷围岩活动规律,建立沿空留巷力学计算模型,为沿空留巷支护设计提供科学依据;
(2)通过对沿空留巷围岩活动规律以及巷内和巷旁常用支护方式研究,结合现场实际情况,设计了五种支护方案,即方案一:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用密集支柱支护;方案二:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用矸石带支护;方案三:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用普通混凝土充填支护;方案四:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用普通混凝土充填加锚索联合支护;方案五:巷内采用锚杆(索)网支护,巷旁采用普通混凝土砌块支护;
(3)采用适合分析岩层断裂和垮落的离散元数值分析软件UDEC对五种方案进行数值分析研究,得出各种支护方案下围岩的变形情况,通过对比分析确定采用方案三、四和五进行现场沿空留巷试验;
(4)根据现场试验、矿压监测以及经济效益分析,得出采用巷内锚杆(索)网、巷旁普通混凝土砌块支护方案是合理、有效、经济的支护方案。沿空留巷后,巷道完全能够满足下区段工作面安全生产的需要。
In the traditional coal mining, roadway maintenance often requires leaving in part of the coal pillar, which resulted in significant loss of coal resources. In order to rational exploit the coal resources, enhance the coal resources recovery, most coal mines in our country have to maintain roadway by gob-side entry retaining. Its advantages have reducing the amount of roadway excavation, reduced roadway excavation rate, improve roadway maintenance, significant of economic and technical benefits and so on. The successful of gob-side entry retaining lie in the choice of roadside support and entry-in support. So it’s very important to research of the reasonable support in gob-side entry retaining.
Based on the geological condition of fully-mechanized face in gently inclined and middle thick coal seam of Dazhu coal-electricity group, the supporting scheme of gob-side entry retaining in 3117 face of Jingang mine was compared, the rational and effective supporting scheme of gob-side entry retaining was obtained by using combined research of the theoretical analysis, the numerical analysis and the field measurement. There main search achievements are as follows:
(1) Studied on the moving rule of surrounding rock and established mechanics calculation model of gob-side entry retaining, provide the scientific basis for supporting design of gob-side entry retaining.
(2) Five supporting scheme was designed by study on the moving rule of surrounding rock and common way of roadside support and roadway support. Supporting scheme one: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and dense pillar support in roadside; Supporting scheme two: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and gangue support in roadside; Supporting scheme three: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and filling common concrete to support in roadside; Supporting scheme four: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and combined support common concrete and anchor cable in roadside; Supporting scheme five: bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and concrete block support in roadside.
(3) Using the numerical analysis software UDEC which is suited to analyses rock stratum rupture and collapse, obtained the deformation of surrounding rock of the five supporting scheme. Determined use the supporting scheme three, four and five to field tests by comparison analysis.
(4) According to field tests, ground pressure monitoring and economic analysis, the supporting scheme five which is bolt-mesh-anchor support in roadway and concrete block support in roadside is reasonable, effective and economical. Roadway can completely satisfy the needs of production in the next face after gob-side entry retaining.
引文
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