片式电子元件贴装设备动力学性能研究
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摘要
贴片机是电子产业的关键设备之一,它具有高速、高精度、智能化、多功能等特点。采用全自动贴片技术,能有效提高生产效率,降低制造成本。本文基于有限元方法与多体动力学方法,利用振动测试设备与激光干涉仪等先进的测试手段,重点对全自动贴片机结构优化与固有特性的提高、结合部参数获取、运动精度的改善以及机电联合仿真等方面进行了如下研究:
1.贴片机机架与横梁动态设计与方案优选。贴片机机架、横梁等关键零部件的结构复杂,仅仅依靠传统的静力设计和经验设计的方法无法获得良好的动态品质。采用频率设计原则结合静力校核的方法,对贴片机的机架和横梁部件进行动态设计与方案优选,使机架与横梁的变形与固频达到合理范围,整机结构最优,达到改善贴片机系统的动态特性的目的。
2.装配体结合部的参数获取。在进行整机模态分析和多体动力学仿真分析时,装配体结合部的建模处理是一个需要解决的关键技术问题,其参数可通过试验方法获取,通过建立实验模态装置和扭摆刚度获取装置,分别得到了结合部的拉伸与扭摆刚度。
3.贴片机整机模态分析。贴片机作为高速高精机器,其结构动态特性直接影响着机器速度与精度的提高,为提高全自动贴片机的动态性能,利用软件MSC.Patran/Nastran,基于零部件的较优结构,建立包含接合部的整机模型,对影响装配体固频与振型的因素进行了分析,并根据分析结果,找出薄弱环节,优化设计,为运动精度分析奠定基础。
4.贴片机运动精度分析。建立运动精度分析方法,寻求解决贴片机整体机械性能的改善和提高,通过仿真测量与实验例证,寻找一条从结构设计到工艺控制的方法与途径,实现贴片机机械加工性能的突破。
5.贴片机系统机电联合仿真。基于虚拟样机技术,利用企业内部局域网,应用TCP/IP技术,联合机械动力学仿真软件MSC.ADAMS与控制系统仿真软件MATLAB,进行了贴片机机电一体化联合仿真研究。通过调节机械参数与控制参数,使控制曲线的性能指标达到较优值;从机电一体化的角度解决了机械工程师与控制工程师的设计协作问题,使贴片机设计在机械、电子与控制各方面达到良好匹配,为贴片机运动平台的研发提供了一种完整方法。
本文在贴片机的结构优化、固有特性的改善、结合部参数获取、运动精度的提高以及机电一体化联合仿真方面进行了全面和系统的分析与研究,对于提高和改善全自动贴片机的抗振性能和运动精度做出了具有一定开创性的工作,是国内贴片机自主研发工作的发展与深入总结。
Mounter is one of the key equipments of the electronic industry, and it is toward high-speed, high-accuracy, intelligent, and multi-function. With the full-automatic placement technique the produce efficiency can be improved and the manufacturing cost is low. Based on FEM and multi-body dynamics method and utilizing the vibration test apparatus and the laser interferometer, the research work of the full-automatic placement machine is carried on in the structural optimization, the exaltation of inherent property, the parameter identification of the joints, improvement of the dynamic accuracy and the mechatronic co-simulation.
1. Dynamic optimization of the rack and gantry on the placement machine. As the key parts of the placement machine the structure of the rack and the gantry is very complex. Only depending on the traditional static method and experience design can't acquire good dynamic structural quality. Based on static analysis and the frequency principle the dynamic-design analysis on the placement machine is carried on. The results show that the system natural frequencies and the deformation of the rack and gantry can be within the right range, the excellent structure of the machine is gotten, and the dynamic characteristics of the system are well advanced.
2. Parameter identification of the joins in the assemble body. When the whole machine modal analysis and the multi-body dynamic simulation are carried on, properly building the model of the assembly joints is one key technique and its parameter needs to be obtained by experiment. The equipment of the experiment mode and the experiment device of the tensile and torsional stiffness are established, and the stiffness is respectively obtained.
3. Modal analysis of the whole placement machine. As the high-speed and high-precision machine, the structural dynamic performance of the placement machine has large impact on the exaltation of the machine speed and accuracy. In order to advance the system dynamic performance, by the software MSC.Patran/Nastran, the FEM model of the whole machine including the joints is built based on the optimized structure, and the simulation is made on the factors that impact the natural frequency and the mode shapes. According to analysis result, the problem in design is found out and improved, and its work is the foundation for the dynamic accuracy analysis.
4. Dynamic accuracy analysis for the placement machine. In order to improve the mechanic performance of the whole machine, the analysis method of the dynamic accuracy is built up. By simulation and experiment, the method including the structural design and technical control is obtained so that the machined performance can be well advanced.
5. Mechatronic co-simulation for the placement machine. This paper has built a virtual prototype and has presented the distributed-simulation methodology for placement machines in electronics assembly. Based on TCP/ IP technology, the distributed-simulation research of the placement machine has been made on MSC.ADAMS and MATLAB. The distributed-simulation methodology has solved the cooperation question between the mechanical engineer and the control engineer, has made the design of the placement machine match in the mechanics, electronics and control and has provided one complete method for the research and development of the movement platform of the machine.
In this text, the complete and system research is carried on in the structural optimization, the improvement of the inherent property, the obtainment of the joints, the exaltation of the dynamic accuracy and mechatronic co-simulation. Many created work is completed to improve the anti-vibration performance and the dynamic precision, and this work is the development and sum-up for the domestic independent development work of the placement machine.
1.贴片机机架与横梁动态设计与方案优选。贴片机机架、横梁等关键零部件的结构复杂,仅仅依靠传统的静力设计和经验设计的方法无法获得良好的动态品质。采用频率设计原则结合静力校核的方法,对贴片机的机架和横梁部件进行动态设计与方案优选,使机架与横梁的变形与固频达到合理范围,整机结构最优,达到改善贴片机系统的动态特性的目的。
2.装配体结合部的参数获取。在进行整机模态分析和多体动力学仿真分析时,装配体结合部的建模处理是一个需要解决的关键技术问题,其参数可通过试验方法获取,通过建立实验模态装置和扭摆刚度获取装置,分别得到了结合部的拉伸与扭摆刚度。
3.贴片机整机模态分析。贴片机作为高速高精机器,其结构动态特性直接影响着机器速度与精度的提高,为提高全自动贴片机的动态性能,利用软件MSC.Patran/Nastran,基于零部件的较优结构,建立包含接合部的整机模型,对影响装配体固频与振型的因素进行了分析,并根据分析结果,找出薄弱环节,优化设计,为运动精度分析奠定基础。
4.贴片机运动精度分析。建立运动精度分析方法,寻求解决贴片机整体机械性能的改善和提高,通过仿真测量与实验例证,寻找一条从结构设计到工艺控制的方法与途径,实现贴片机机械加工性能的突破。
5.贴片机系统机电联合仿真。基于虚拟样机技术,利用企业内部局域网,应用TCP/IP技术,联合机械动力学仿真软件MSC.ADAMS与控制系统仿真软件MATLAB,进行了贴片机机电一体化联合仿真研究。通过调节机械参数与控制参数,使控制曲线的性能指标达到较优值;从机电一体化的角度解决了机械工程师与控制工程师的设计协作问题,使贴片机设计在机械、电子与控制各方面达到良好匹配,为贴片机运动平台的研发提供了一种完整方法。
本文在贴片机的结构优化、固有特性的改善、结合部参数获取、运动精度的提高以及机电一体化联合仿真方面进行了全面和系统的分析与研究,对于提高和改善全自动贴片机的抗振性能和运动精度做出了具有一定开创性的工作,是国内贴片机自主研发工作的发展与深入总结。
Mounter is one of the key equipments of the electronic industry, and it is toward high-speed, high-accuracy, intelligent, and multi-function. With the full-automatic placement technique the produce efficiency can be improved and the manufacturing cost is low. Based on FEM and multi-body dynamics method and utilizing the vibration test apparatus and the laser interferometer, the research work of the full-automatic placement machine is carried on in the structural optimization, the exaltation of inherent property, the parameter identification of the joints, improvement of the dynamic accuracy and the mechatronic co-simulation.
1. Dynamic optimization of the rack and gantry on the placement machine. As the key parts of the placement machine the structure of the rack and the gantry is very complex. Only depending on the traditional static method and experience design can't acquire good dynamic structural quality. Based on static analysis and the frequency principle the dynamic-design analysis on the placement machine is carried on. The results show that the system natural frequencies and the deformation of the rack and gantry can be within the right range, the excellent structure of the machine is gotten, and the dynamic characteristics of the system are well advanced.
2. Parameter identification of the joins in the assemble body. When the whole machine modal analysis and the multi-body dynamic simulation are carried on, properly building the model of the assembly joints is one key technique and its parameter needs to be obtained by experiment. The equipment of the experiment mode and the experiment device of the tensile and torsional stiffness are established, and the stiffness is respectively obtained.
3. Modal analysis of the whole placement machine. As the high-speed and high-precision machine, the structural dynamic performance of the placement machine has large impact on the exaltation of the machine speed and accuracy. In order to advance the system dynamic performance, by the software MSC.Patran/Nastran, the FEM model of the whole machine including the joints is built based on the optimized structure, and the simulation is made on the factors that impact the natural frequency and the mode shapes. According to analysis result, the problem in design is found out and improved, and its work is the foundation for the dynamic accuracy analysis.
4. Dynamic accuracy analysis for the placement machine. In order to improve the mechanic performance of the whole machine, the analysis method of the dynamic accuracy is built up. By simulation and experiment, the method including the structural design and technical control is obtained so that the machined performance can be well advanced.
5. Mechatronic co-simulation for the placement machine. This paper has built a virtual prototype and has presented the distributed-simulation methodology for placement machines in electronics assembly. Based on TCP/ IP technology, the distributed-simulation research of the placement machine has been made on MSC.ADAMS and MATLAB. The distributed-simulation methodology has solved the cooperation question between the mechanical engineer and the control engineer, has made the design of the placement machine match in the mechanics, electronics and control and has provided one complete method for the research and development of the movement platform of the machine.
In this text, the complete and system research is carried on in the structural optimization, the improvement of the inherent property, the obtainment of the joints, the exaltation of the dynamic accuracy and mechatronic co-simulation. Many created work is completed to improve the anti-vibration performance and the dynamic precision, and this work is the development and sum-up for the domestic independent development work of the placement machine.
引文
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