青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物磁化率特征及环境意义
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摘要
湖泊沉积物作为环境信息的载体,记录全球、区域及局部地区的环境信息。本文通过对青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物磁化率的分析,并结合粒度组成和矿物特征,对青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率及环境意义进行研究。主要结论如下：
(1)青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率值较低,平均值为1.64×10-8m3kg-1。可可西里湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率平均值为0.95×10-8m3kg-1；藏北高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率平均值为2.33×10-8m3kg-1,这表明青藏高原不同地区,湖泊表层沉积物中磁性矿物总体含量存在着一定的差异。频率磁化率百分含量较低,平均值为2.97%,可可西里湖泊表层沉积物和藏北高原湖泊表层沉积物中频率磁化率百分含量相差不大。
(2)青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中粒度组分以粉砂和砂为主,粘土含量较低。粘土平均含量为12.81%,粉砂平均含量为30.43%,砂平均含量57.76%。青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物粒度分布图表明碎屑物主要来源于风力作用。
(3)青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中粘土矿物主要为伊利石与绿泥石；非粘土矿物包括石英、长石、方解石、文石、白云石等,这些矿物主要来源于流域周围基岩的风化。在青藏高原水体较大的湖泊中存在自生作用生成的黄铁矿。
(4)通过对青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率与不同粒径组分相关性分析可知,磁化率与不同粒径组分相关性不明显,可可西里湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率与亚粘土存在很弱的相关性,与其他粒径组分基本不相关；藏北高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率与不同粒径组分基本不相关,这说明青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁性矿物不集中于某一粒径范围,同时表明磁性矿物的来源存在多源性。青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率与矿物百分含量基本不相关,表明逆磁性的矿物对磁磁化率反作用较小,对沉积物中磁性矿物影响较小。
(5)青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁性矿物来源存在多源性,外源的碎屑矿物通过风力的搬运作用进入湖泊沉积,是湖泊表层沉积物中磁性矿物主要影响因素；内源为湖泊自生的磁性矿物。
Lake sediments as a carrier of environmental information, record global, regional and local environmental information. Based on the magnetic susceptibility of Tibet Plateau lake surface sediment as the research object, combined with the particle sizes and different mineral characteristics. The environmental significance of magnetic susceptibility were researched. The main conclusions were summed up as follows:
(1)The content of the magnetic susceptibility in the lake surface sediment of the Tibet Plateau is low, the overall average of value is1.64×10-8m3kg-1, but the general average content of the magnetic susceptibility in lake surface sediment of the Koh Xil is0.95×10-8m3kg-1; the average content of magnetic susceptibility of the lake surface sediment in the northern Tibet Plateau is2.33×10-8m3kg-1,which suggests in different region, the content of the magnetic mineral of lake surface sediment in Tibet Plateau is differences.The percentage content of the frequency magnetic susceptibility is low, the average of value is2.97%. It indicates the content of fine particles in magnetic mineral of lake surface sediment in the Koh Xil and the Tibetan plateau has little difference.
(2)The lake surface sediment of the Tibet Plateau is mainly composed of silty sand and sand particle. The average proportion is12.81%for clay,30.43%for silty sand, and57.76%for the sand particle. The particle size distribution of the lake surface sediment in the Tibet Plateau indicates that the particle size in the lakes comes mainly from the action of the wind.
(3)The clay minerals of the lake surface sediments in the Tibet Plateau are mainly illite and chlorite, the non-clay minerals include quartz, feldspar, calcite, aragonite and dolomite. The source of the mineral is mainly weathering products around the basin bedrock. In the deeper water of the lakes in the Tibet plateau has pyrite from the authigenesis generating.
(4)Through correlation analysis of the magnetic susceptibility content and the composition of different particle size of the lake surface sediment in the Tibet Plateau shows that the magnetic susceptibility content is not obvious correlation with different particle size composition. The correlation of magnetic susceptibility content and the clay is very weak of the lake surface sediment in the Koh Xil, and other basic is not related to particle size; the magnetic susceptibility and the composition different particle size in lake surface sediments northern Tibet plateau were not associated with, it shows that magnetic minerals of the lake surface sediment in Tibetan plateau is not in a certain particle size, at the same time also shows that the source of the magnetic mineral exist different source. Through the correlation of the magnetic mineral content and mineral content of the lake surface sediment in the Tibet Plateau is not relevant, shows that the inverse magnetic mineral of magnetic mineral side effect is less, it small affected the magnetic minerals in sediments.
(5)The magnetic minerals of the lake surface sediment in the Tibet Plateau exist multi-source, the outer edge of detrital minerals is the main influence factor of magnetic minerals, they are carried by wind transportation into the lake. The authigenic magnetic minerals in the lakes surface sediment.
(1)青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率值较低,平均值为1.64×10-8m3kg-1。可可西里湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率平均值为0.95×10-8m3kg-1；藏北高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率平均值为2.33×10-8m3kg-1,这表明青藏高原不同地区,湖泊表层沉积物中磁性矿物总体含量存在着一定的差异。频率磁化率百分含量较低,平均值为2.97%,可可西里湖泊表层沉积物和藏北高原湖泊表层沉积物中频率磁化率百分含量相差不大。
(2)青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中粒度组分以粉砂和砂为主,粘土含量较低。粘土平均含量为12.81%,粉砂平均含量为30.43%,砂平均含量57.76%。青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物粒度分布图表明碎屑物主要来源于风力作用。
(3)青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中粘土矿物主要为伊利石与绿泥石；非粘土矿物包括石英、长石、方解石、文石、白云石等,这些矿物主要来源于流域周围基岩的风化。在青藏高原水体较大的湖泊中存在自生作用生成的黄铁矿。
(4)通过对青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率与不同粒径组分相关性分析可知,磁化率与不同粒径组分相关性不明显,可可西里湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率与亚粘土存在很弱的相关性,与其他粒径组分基本不相关；藏北高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率与不同粒径组分基本不相关,这说明青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁性矿物不集中于某一粒径范围,同时表明磁性矿物的来源存在多源性。青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁化率与矿物百分含量基本不相关,表明逆磁性的矿物对磁磁化率反作用较小,对沉积物中磁性矿物影响较小。
(5)青藏高原湖泊表层沉积物中磁性矿物来源存在多源性,外源的碎屑矿物通过风力的搬运作用进入湖泊沉积,是湖泊表层沉积物中磁性矿物主要影响因素；内源为湖泊自生的磁性矿物。
Lake sediments as a carrier of environmental information, record global, regional and local environmental information. Based on the magnetic susceptibility of Tibet Plateau lake surface sediment as the research object, combined with the particle sizes and different mineral characteristics. The environmental significance of magnetic susceptibility were researched. The main conclusions were summed up as follows:
(1)The content of the magnetic susceptibility in the lake surface sediment of the Tibet Plateau is low, the overall average of value is1.64×10-8m3kg-1, but the general average content of the magnetic susceptibility in lake surface sediment of the Koh Xil is0.95×10-8m3kg-1; the average content of magnetic susceptibility of the lake surface sediment in the northern Tibet Plateau is2.33×10-8m3kg-1,which suggests in different region, the content of the magnetic mineral of lake surface sediment in Tibet Plateau is differences.The percentage content of the frequency magnetic susceptibility is low, the average of value is2.97%. It indicates the content of fine particles in magnetic mineral of lake surface sediment in the Koh Xil and the Tibetan plateau has little difference.
(2)The lake surface sediment of the Tibet Plateau is mainly composed of silty sand and sand particle. The average proportion is12.81%for clay,30.43%for silty sand, and57.76%for the sand particle. The particle size distribution of the lake surface sediment in the Tibet Plateau indicates that the particle size in the lakes comes mainly from the action of the wind.
(3)The clay minerals of the lake surface sediments in the Tibet Plateau are mainly illite and chlorite, the non-clay minerals include quartz, feldspar, calcite, aragonite and dolomite. The source of the mineral is mainly weathering products around the basin bedrock. In the deeper water of the lakes in the Tibet plateau has pyrite from the authigenesis generating.
(4)Through correlation analysis of the magnetic susceptibility content and the composition of different particle size of the lake surface sediment in the Tibet Plateau shows that the magnetic susceptibility content is not obvious correlation with different particle size composition. The correlation of magnetic susceptibility content and the clay is very weak of the lake surface sediment in the Koh Xil, and other basic is not related to particle size; the magnetic susceptibility and the composition different particle size in lake surface sediments northern Tibet plateau were not associated with, it shows that magnetic minerals of the lake surface sediment in Tibetan plateau is not in a certain particle size, at the same time also shows that the source of the magnetic mineral exist different source. Through the correlation of the magnetic mineral content and mineral content of the lake surface sediment in the Tibet Plateau is not relevant, shows that the inverse magnetic mineral of magnetic mineral side effect is less, it small affected the magnetic minerals in sediments.
(5)The magnetic minerals of the lake surface sediment in the Tibet Plateau exist multi-source, the outer edge of detrital minerals is the main influence factor of magnetic minerals, they are carried by wind transportation into the lake. The authigenic magnetic minerals in the lakes surface sediment.
引文
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