五代新词研究
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摘要
词汇的发展在语言发展过程中占据重要的位置,汉语词汇是在时代发展及词汇内部因素共同作用推动下向前发展的。词汇现象纷繁复杂,研究词汇对研究语言发展、社会发展以及人类思维的发展来说具有重要的价值。五代上承唐代下启宋朝,处于近代汉语的开端。本文力图对五代时期这一历史横断面的词汇现象进行考察,探析词汇发展的一些规律,为汉语词汇通史的研究做初步的探索。
论文由下几部分组成：
绪论部分。这一部分介绍了论文的研究内容、研究方法以及研究意义。当前我们是以《汉语大词典》为语料的主要来源,考察一个朝代的词语。《汉语大词典》选用从先秦到现代的文献三千多种,是当前收词条目最多,引用文献最广的辞书,对我们的研究具有重要的价值。我们通过科学、系统的资料整理工作之后,针对《汉语大词典》中始见于各个朝代的词语分别进行研究。
第一章,反映五代特征的新词语。这一章主要从词汇发展的外部因素,也就是社会发展的角度来考察词汇发展与社会的关系。词汇的发展与时代的进步息息相关,词汇记录了社会生活的方方面面,社会发展是词汇发展的重要力量。
第二章,考察五代时期新词语的结构与构成。分别从语法、语义、语音三个角度进行考察。五代时期新词大部分为复音词,这是时代发展下语言系统内部组合日趋复杂所致。偏正结构与联合结构是最重要的两种结构形式。
第三章,从词汇构成上探讨五代时期基本词汇与一般词汇的相关情况。
第四章,对五代时期几种有代表性的现象进行分析。通过对五代时期口语词的研究、特殊文体影响下的词汇现象以及五代时期对佛教语、道教语等宗教词语的吸收引入来考察比较有特色的词汇现象。
第五章,考察五代时期的成语、典故、亲属称谓、绰号等。
词汇的发展既受到词汇内部因素的影响,也受到外因即社会发展的影响,通过对各种词汇现象的研究,力图从整体上考察这个朝代词汇的面貌。
Chinese vocabulary development is occupying important location in the development of language. Vocabulary is to develop forward under the double effects which is the development of the times and vocabulary inside factors. The vocabulary phenomenon is numerous and complicated. Study vocabulary has important value to study the development of language, the development of society and the human being thought. Chinese vocabulary of the Five Dynasties is in the converging of the ancient times and the modern times.Chinese vocabulary changes are acute. The language phenomenon is also complicated. This thesis is try to study the Chinese Phenomenon of the Five Dynasties in order to find the law of the Chinese vocabulary's development. And make the preliminary exploration to the research of the Chinese vocabulary general history.
The paper is made of the following several parts.
Preface, this part describes the paper's meaning, methods, train of thought and the objectives. We use theas our language materials. Select and use secondary Qin Dynasty arrives at modern more than 3,000 kind documents. And collect the word entry maximum currently, quote the broadest dictionary of document. It have very important values to our go into. After our pass science, systematic work, we try to research the Chinese vocabulary of every dynasty.
Chapter One, the typical new words reflecting social features of the Five Dynasties. This chapter complies with the external factors that vocabulary develops and also the development of our society to research the development of our Chinese vocabulary. Development of Chinese vocabulary is closely linked with the times progress, Vocabulary has recorded the social life. Social development is the important strength to vocabulary develop.
Chapter Two, this part try to research the construction and formation of the vocabulary of the Five Dynasties.Respectively from grammar, semanteme, pronunciation, three angles carry out examination. A lot of the new words in the Five Dynasties were compound syllabic words. It reflects complex development of subjective world and objective world, as well as symbols are superimposed in the world of language. There are two kinds of the most important structure forms.
Chapter Three,we research the basic vocabulary and general vocabulary in order to research the formation of the vocabulary
Chapter Four, this part research of the typical phenomenon of the vocabulary of The Five Dynasties. The mouth words and phrases of the Five Dynasties, the poem word penetration to the vocabulary of the Five Dynasties and also the various religion thought school penetration to the vocabulary of the Five Dynasties.
Chapter Five, the research of the idiom、allusion and nickname of the Five Dynasties.
The Chinese vocabulary development is effected by the vocabulary inside factor and social development. Pass the research to various vocabulary phenomenon is very helpful to research the entirely fundamental vocabulary face.
论文由下几部分组成：
绪论部分。这一部分介绍了论文的研究内容、研究方法以及研究意义。当前我们是以《汉语大词典》为语料的主要来源,考察一个朝代的词语。《汉语大词典》选用从先秦到现代的文献三千多种,是当前收词条目最多,引用文献最广的辞书,对我们的研究具有重要的价值。我们通过科学、系统的资料整理工作之后,针对《汉语大词典》中始见于各个朝代的词语分别进行研究。
第一章,反映五代特征的新词语。这一章主要从词汇发展的外部因素,也就是社会发展的角度来考察词汇发展与社会的关系。词汇的发展与时代的进步息息相关,词汇记录了社会生活的方方面面,社会发展是词汇发展的重要力量。
第二章,考察五代时期新词语的结构与构成。分别从语法、语义、语音三个角度进行考察。五代时期新词大部分为复音词,这是时代发展下语言系统内部组合日趋复杂所致。偏正结构与联合结构是最重要的两种结构形式。
第三章,从词汇构成上探讨五代时期基本词汇与一般词汇的相关情况。
第四章,对五代时期几种有代表性的现象进行分析。通过对五代时期口语词的研究、特殊文体影响下的词汇现象以及五代时期对佛教语、道教语等宗教词语的吸收引入来考察比较有特色的词汇现象。
第五章,考察五代时期的成语、典故、亲属称谓、绰号等。
词汇的发展既受到词汇内部因素的影响,也受到外因即社会发展的影响,通过对各种词汇现象的研究,力图从整体上考察这个朝代词汇的面貌。
Chinese vocabulary development is occupying important location in the development of language. Vocabulary is to develop forward under the double effects which is the development of the times and vocabulary inside factors. The vocabulary phenomenon is numerous and complicated. Study vocabulary has important value to study the development of language, the development of society and the human being thought. Chinese vocabulary of the Five Dynasties is in the converging of the ancient times and the modern times.Chinese vocabulary changes are acute. The language phenomenon is also complicated. This thesis is try to study the Chinese Phenomenon of the Five Dynasties in order to find the law of the Chinese vocabulary's development. And make the preliminary exploration to the research of the Chinese vocabulary general history.
The paper is made of the following several parts.
Preface, this part describes the paper's meaning, methods, train of thought and the objectives. We use the
Chapter One, the typical new words reflecting social features of the Five Dynasties. This chapter complies with the external factors that vocabulary develops and also the development of our society to research the development of our Chinese vocabulary. Development of Chinese vocabulary is closely linked with the times progress, Vocabulary has recorded the social life. Social development is the important strength to vocabulary develop.
Chapter Two, this part try to research the construction and formation of the vocabulary of the Five Dynasties.Respectively from grammar, semanteme, pronunciation, three angles carry out examination. A lot of the new words in the Five Dynasties were compound syllabic words. It reflects complex development of subjective world and objective world, as well as symbols are superimposed in the world of language. There are two kinds of the most important structure forms.
Chapter Three,we research the basic vocabulary and general vocabulary in order to research the formation of the vocabulary
Chapter Four, this part research of the typical phenomenon of the vocabulary of The Five Dynasties. The mouth words and phrases of the Five Dynasties, the poem word penetration to the vocabulary of the Five Dynasties and also the various religion thought school penetration to the vocabulary of the Five Dynasties.
Chapter Five, the research of the idiom、allusion and nickname of the Five Dynasties.
The Chinese vocabulary development is effected by the vocabulary inside factor and social development. Pass the research to various vocabulary phenomenon is very helpful to research the entirely fundamental vocabulary face.
引文
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4张永言.词汇学简论[M].武汉：华中工学院出版社.1982,第1页
6周荐.词汇学词典学研究[M].上海：商务印书馆.2004.
7赵克勤.古代汉语词汇学[M].上海：商务印书馆.1994,第30页
8黄伯荣,廖旭东.现代汉语[M].北京：高等教育出版社.2002
9万久富.<宋书>复音词研究[M].南京：凤凰出版社.2006,第98页
10万久富.<宋书>复音词研究[M].南京：凤凰出版社.2006,第98页
11杨端志.汉语的词义探析[M].济南：山东大学出版社.1993
12杨端志.汉语的词义探析[M].济南：山东大学出版社.1993
13杨端志.汉语的词义探析[M].济南：山东大学出版社.1993
14蒋绍愚.古汉语词汇纲要[M].北京：商务印书馆.2005,第263页
15蒋绍愚.古汉语词汇纲要[M].北京：商务印书馆.2005,第264页.
16斯大林.马克思主义与语言学问题[M].北京：人民文学出版社.1964,第17页.
17潘允中.汉语词汇史概要[M].上海：上海古籍出版社.1989,第41页.
18潘允中.汉语词汇史概要[M].上海：上海古籍出版社.1989,第41页.
19曹炜.现代汉语词汇研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004,第66页
20朱星.汉语词义简析[M].武汉：湖北教育出版社.1985.第46页
21周荐.汉语词汇结构论[M].上海：上海辞书出版社.2004,第227页
22曹炜.现代汉语词汇研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004,第161页
23周荐.汉语词汇结构论[M].上海：上海辞书出版社.2004,第213页
24曹炜.现代汉语词汇研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004
王力.汉语史稿[M].北京：中华书局.2004
向熹.简明汉语史[M].北京：高等教育出版社.1993
蒋绍愚.古汉语词汇纲要[M].北京：北京大学出版社.1989
杨端志.汉语的词义探析[M].济南：山东大学出版社.2002
杨端志.汉语史论集[M].济南：齐鲁书社.2008
曹炜.现代汉语词义学[M].上海：学林出版社.2001
曹炜.现代汉语词汇研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004
黄伯荣,廖序东.现代汉语(增订二版,上册)[M].北京：高等教育出版社.1997
黄伯荣,廖序东.现代汉语(增订二版,下册)[M].北京：高等教育出版社.1997
符淮青.现代汉语词汇(增订本)[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004
索绪尔.普通语言学教程[M].上海：商务印书馆2002
董志翘.入唐求法巡礼行记.词汇研究[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社.2000
葛本仪.现代汉语词汇学(修订本)[M].济南：山东人民出版社.2001
徐通锵.基础语言学教程[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2001
叶蜚声.徐通锵.语言学纲要[M].北京：北京大学出版社.1997
蒋绍愚.近代汉语研究概况[M].北京：北京大学出版社.1994
潘允中.汉语词汇史概要[M].上海：上海古籍出版社.1989
史存直.汉语词汇史纲要[M].上海：华东师大出版社.1988
程湘清.隋唐五代汉语研究[M].济南：山东教育出版社.1992
程湘清.汉语史专书复音词研究[M].北京：商务印书馆.2003
董志翘.唐五代文献词语考释五则[J].中国语文.2000
曾良.敦煌愿文在汉语词汇史上的研究价值[J].文献季刊.2000
罗竹风.汉语大词典[Z].上海：汉语大词典出版社.1990
江蓝生等.唐五代语言词典[Z].上海：上海教育出版社.1998
王力.王力古汉语词典[Z].北京：中华书局.2000
4张永言.词汇学简论[M].武汉：华中工学院出版社.1982,第1页
6周荐.词汇学词典学研究[M].上海：商务印书馆.2004.
7赵克勤.古代汉语词汇学[M].上海：商务印书馆.1994,第30页
8黄伯荣,廖旭东.现代汉语[M].北京：高等教育出版社.2002
9万久富.<宋书>复音词研究[M].南京：凤凰出版社.2006,第98页
10万久富.<宋书>复音词研究[M].南京：凤凰出版社.2006,第98页
11杨端志.汉语的词义探析[M].济南：山东大学出版社.1993
12杨端志.汉语的词义探析[M].济南：山东大学出版社.1993
13杨端志.汉语的词义探析[M].济南：山东大学出版社.1993
14蒋绍愚.古汉语词汇纲要[M].北京：商务印书馆.2005,第263页
15蒋绍愚.古汉语词汇纲要[M].北京：商务印书馆.2005,第264页.
16斯大林.马克思主义与语言学问题[M].北京：人民文学出版社.1964,第17页.
17潘允中.汉语词汇史概要[M].上海：上海古籍出版社.1989,第41页.
18潘允中.汉语词汇史概要[M].上海：上海古籍出版社.1989,第41页.
19曹炜.现代汉语词汇研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004,第66页
20朱星.汉语词义简析[M].武汉：湖北教育出版社.1985.第46页
21周荐.汉语词汇结构论[M].上海：上海辞书出版社.2004,第227页
22曹炜.现代汉语词汇研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004,第161页
23周荐.汉语词汇结构论[M].上海：上海辞书出版社.2004,第213页
24曹炜.现代汉语词汇研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004
王力.汉语史稿[M].北京：中华书局.2004
向熹.简明汉语史[M].北京：高等教育出版社.1993
蒋绍愚.古汉语词汇纲要[M].北京：北京大学出版社.1989
杨端志.汉语的词义探析[M].济南：山东大学出版社.2002
杨端志.汉语史论集[M].济南：齐鲁书社.2008
曹炜.现代汉语词义学[M].上海：学林出版社.2001
曹炜.现代汉语词汇研究[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004
黄伯荣,廖序东.现代汉语(增订二版,上册)[M].北京：高等教育出版社.1997
黄伯荣,廖序东.现代汉语(增订二版,下册)[M].北京：高等教育出版社.1997
符淮青.现代汉语词汇(增订本)[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2004
索绪尔.普通语言学教程[M].上海：商务印书馆2002
董志翘.入唐求法巡礼行记.词汇研究[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社.2000
葛本仪.现代汉语词汇学(修订本)[M].济南：山东人民出版社.2001
徐通锵.基础语言学教程[M].北京：北京大学出版社.2001
叶蜚声.徐通锵.语言学纲要[M].北京：北京大学出版社.1997
蒋绍愚.近代汉语研究概况[M].北京：北京大学出版社.1994
潘允中.汉语词汇史概要[M].上海：上海古籍出版社.1989
史存直.汉语词汇史纲要[M].上海：华东师大出版社.1988
程湘清.隋唐五代汉语研究[M].济南：山东教育出版社.1992
程湘清.汉语史专书复音词研究[M].北京：商务印书馆.2003
董志翘.唐五代文献词语考释五则[J].中国语文.2000
曾良.敦煌愿文在汉语词汇史上的研究价值[J].文献季刊.2000
罗竹风.汉语大词典[Z].上海：汉语大词典出版社.1990
江蓝生等.唐五代语言词典[Z].上海：上海教育出版社.1998
王力.王力古汉语词典[Z].北京：中华书局.2000