嵌入式Internet智能数据采集系统的设计
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摘要
目前大多数的嵌入式数据采集设备,主要依靠RS232、RS485以及CAN总线等进行通讯,受到很大的地域性限制,并且要耗费大量的资源构建通讯网络。虽然也有很多国际上的大公司开发出具有互联网通讯功能的嵌入式设备,但是价格比较昂贵,还不适于广泛应用。
随着计算机技术和通讯技术的不断发展,互联网和嵌入式智能仪器得到越来越广泛的应用,人类社会也由此进入后PC时代。在嵌入式应用领域里,如何将工业控制、家用电器等设备与互联网结合,实现方便可靠的远程数据采集、传输与控制,是当前世界上研究的热点。
如何利用现有互联网资源及串行网络资源,实现嵌入式设备的远程控制,成为亟待解决的问题。
针对这一情况,本论文结合嵌入式技术、串行通讯技术和互联网通讯技术,对嵌入式网关和数据采集功能,进行了设计和研究。目的在于构建一种经济实用的远程数据采集平台,同时为现有的串行通讯设备,提供一种互联网接入方案。
本文在大量查阅国内外资料文献的基础上,分析了当前市场上远程智能仪器设备的发展现状,在分析其优缺点的基础上,确定了远程数据采集系统的设计方案:采用TI公司16位的处理器MSP430F449作为硬件平台采集模块控制芯片,其数据处理能力和丰富的外围设备,满足数据采集的需要,同时预留了大量端口资源,方便未来功能扩展,有效地实现现场数据的采集和监控;经过与市场上同类产品比较,选用了ARM技术的32位处理器LPC2132和Microchip公司最新出品的ENC28J60对网络通讯模块进行设计,实现TCP/IP协议的转换,节省了大量系统资源并简化了软件设计,满足互联网通讯的协议要求;同时将μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统移植到MSP430F449中,利用嵌入式操作系统的可裁剪性、可移植性和多任务等特点,不仅使其控制性能大幅度提高,而且使抗干扰能力和实时性显著增强。
该采集装置可以大规模用于各种需要数据采集与远程传输的领域,还可以将现有的采用RS232通讯的设备方便的接入互联网。例如,可以将一个住宅的温度、湿度、门窗防盗等信息发到远处的PC机上,远方的PC机还可以控制该采集装置中的开关输出等。
本文最后对该系统进行了实验验证,验证了其数据采集功能的可靠性、传输功能的可靠性与稳定性,并指出了设计中的不足与需要改进的地方。
The use of most embedded data-acquisition instruments are limited from the communication style of RS232 /485 and CAN at present ,because it will spent too much source to build the communication network and it can not Spread far enough .Although the instruments with the function of accessing the Internet have been developed by some famous international companies, but it is too expensive to use extensively.
With the development of computer and communication technology, the more and more extensive using of Internet and embedded intelligent instruments made the society get into the Post-PC time. In the domain of embedded application, how to control and acquire data from the instruments through the Internet becomes the research hotspot in the world.
How to combine the embedded instruments with Internet becomes a urgent need problem.
In view of these case , using the embedded system technology, serial and Internet communication technology, this paper does research on embedded gateway and data-acquisition In order to build a inexpensive and practical remote data-acquisition platform and combine Internet with the instruments already existed.
This paper put forward a design proposal by studying a lot of literature all over the world and investigating the development of embedded instruments. In this design, the 16bit MCU MSP430F449 are used as the control chip of data-acquisition, which does run faster than others, meanwhile ,it has the ability of expanded using in the future because of abundant peripheral resource; By comparing to other products at present, the design choose ENC28J60 which is produced by microchip company and LPC2132 which is based on ARM technology as the advantage in hardware and software of network communication mold design, Realizes availably TCP/ IP agreement conversion, and Satisfy the agreement request of the Internet communication ;In this design, theμC/OS- II operation system is transplanted into MSP430F449 to optimize the control ability, anti-jamming ability and real-time function; The light-weight TCP/IP stacks 1Wip is also transplanted into the operation system to come true the communication on Internet.
This instrument can be used wildly in the domain of data-acquisition and remote data-transport , it can also be used as a gateway between RS232 and TCP/IP, For example ,it can transport the data of temperature , humidity of a house to a remote PC , and the PC can control the switch output on the instruments as needed.
Finally, the paper design experiments to validate the system function of data-acquisition and data-transport. The shortage and the improved idea is also pointed out and the preparation is made for the further research in future.
随着计算机技术和通讯技术的不断发展,互联网和嵌入式智能仪器得到越来越广泛的应用,人类社会也由此进入后PC时代。在嵌入式应用领域里,如何将工业控制、家用电器等设备与互联网结合,实现方便可靠的远程数据采集、传输与控制,是当前世界上研究的热点。
如何利用现有互联网资源及串行网络资源,实现嵌入式设备的远程控制,成为亟待解决的问题。
针对这一情况,本论文结合嵌入式技术、串行通讯技术和互联网通讯技术,对嵌入式网关和数据采集功能,进行了设计和研究。目的在于构建一种经济实用的远程数据采集平台,同时为现有的串行通讯设备,提供一种互联网接入方案。
本文在大量查阅国内外资料文献的基础上,分析了当前市场上远程智能仪器设备的发展现状,在分析其优缺点的基础上,确定了远程数据采集系统的设计方案:采用TI公司16位的处理器MSP430F449作为硬件平台采集模块控制芯片,其数据处理能力和丰富的外围设备,满足数据采集的需要,同时预留了大量端口资源,方便未来功能扩展,有效地实现现场数据的采集和监控;经过与市场上同类产品比较,选用了ARM技术的32位处理器LPC2132和Microchip公司最新出品的ENC28J60对网络通讯模块进行设计,实现TCP/IP协议的转换,节省了大量系统资源并简化了软件设计,满足互联网通讯的协议要求;同时将μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统移植到MSP430F449中,利用嵌入式操作系统的可裁剪性、可移植性和多任务等特点,不仅使其控制性能大幅度提高,而且使抗干扰能力和实时性显著增强。
该采集装置可以大规模用于各种需要数据采集与远程传输的领域,还可以将现有的采用RS232通讯的设备方便的接入互联网。例如,可以将一个住宅的温度、湿度、门窗防盗等信息发到远处的PC机上,远方的PC机还可以控制该采集装置中的开关输出等。
本文最后对该系统进行了实验验证,验证了其数据采集功能的可靠性、传输功能的可靠性与稳定性,并指出了设计中的不足与需要改进的地方。
The use of most embedded data-acquisition instruments are limited from the communication style of RS232 /485 and CAN at present ,because it will spent too much source to build the communication network and it can not Spread far enough .Although the instruments with the function of accessing the Internet have been developed by some famous international companies, but it is too expensive to use extensively.
With the development of computer and communication technology, the more and more extensive using of Internet and embedded intelligent instruments made the society get into the Post-PC time. In the domain of embedded application, how to control and acquire data from the instruments through the Internet becomes the research hotspot in the world.
How to combine the embedded instruments with Internet becomes a urgent need problem.
In view of these case , using the embedded system technology, serial and Internet communication technology, this paper does research on embedded gateway and data-acquisition In order to build a inexpensive and practical remote data-acquisition platform and combine Internet with the instruments already existed.
This paper put forward a design proposal by studying a lot of literature all over the world and investigating the development of embedded instruments. In this design, the 16bit MCU MSP430F449 are used as the control chip of data-acquisition, which does run faster than others, meanwhile ,it has the ability of expanded using in the future because of abundant peripheral resource; By comparing to other products at present, the design choose ENC28J60 which is produced by microchip company and LPC2132 which is based on ARM technology as the advantage in hardware and software of network communication mold design, Realizes availably TCP/ IP agreement conversion, and Satisfy the agreement request of the Internet communication ;In this design, theμC/OS- II operation system is transplanted into MSP430F449 to optimize the control ability, anti-jamming ability and real-time function; The light-weight TCP/IP stacks 1Wip is also transplanted into the operation system to come true the communication on Internet.
This instrument can be used wildly in the domain of data-acquisition and remote data-transport , it can also be used as a gateway between RS232 and TCP/IP, For example ,it can transport the data of temperature , humidity of a house to a remote PC , and the PC can control the switch output on the instruments as needed.
Finally, the paper design experiments to validate the system function of data-acquisition and data-transport. The shortage and the improved idea is also pointed out and the preparation is made for the further research in future.
引文
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[26]http://www.mcu430.com
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[28]深圳市彩晶体科技有限公司,CM164-1液晶说明书
[29]胡大可.MSP430系列Flash型超低功耗16位单片机[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001
[30]DS1307 DATASHEET http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/pdfserv/en/ds/DS1307.pdf
[31]于复生,宋现春,艾兴,时钟芯片DS 1302及其在数据记录中的应用,电子技术应用,2003,(3)
[32]陶海敏,利用DS1302时钟芯片实现“时间锁”的方法[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,(3)
[33]美国模拟器件公司,TMP04 datasheet,1995
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[36]金伟正,单线数字温度传感器的原理与应用[J],电子技术应用,2000,(6):66-68
[37]OP193/293数据手册
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[40]ENC28J60数据手册
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[42]Lee B.H.Embedded Internet System:Poised for Takeoff[Embedded System].Internet Computing,IEEE Volume 2.Issue 3.May-June 1998 Page(s):24-29.
[43]Filman R.E.Embedded internet systems come home.Internet Computing.IEEE Volume5,Issue 1,Jan-Feb.2001 Page(s):52-53.
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[45]W.Richard Stevens.TCP/IP Illustrated volumel:The Protocols.2002
[46]胡海,嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的研究与实现,西南交通大学(学位论文),2005
[47]DS 18B20 Programmable resolution 1-wire digital thermometer datasheet[J/OL].Dallas Semicondutor,2002-05.
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[2]刘汉轮.嵌入式系统的INTERNET接入实现[J].南京:工业控制计算机,2003,16(12):21-24.
[3]汪惊奇,周功业,黎书生,基于USB接口的便携式数据采集系统的实现[J],微型机与应用,2002,3(8):20-22
[4]http://yanxintong.itb2b.com.cn/upload/Sell_Stock/2007/1/9.html
[5]http://www.100ye.com/sort/market
[6]李燕青,于振主.基于S7600A的嵌入式系统Internet接入方案.电子技术应用.2002(8),P24-26
[7]赵杰,张凡.工业以太网技术应用与发展.仪器仪表用户,2004,11(1):1-2.
[8]Kenneth D.Reed.TCP/IP基础.北京:电子工业出版社.2002.1
[9]J.Benthan.TCP/IP ean:web serevers for embedded system.CMP Books,2000.P15-20
[10]刘仁普,ST62系列单片机技术手册[M],北京:冶金工业出版社,1999.
[11]李学海,PIC单片机实用教程[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[12]onald J.Tocci,Frank J.Ambrosio,Microprocessors and Microcomputer:Hardware and Software[C],6th Edition,Pearson Education,2004
[13]魏小龙,MSP430系列单片机接口技术与系统设计实例[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[14]TI.MSP430X4XX Family user's guide[S],Texas Instruments,2004
[15]周立功,ARM微控制器基础与实践[M],北京:北京航空航天大学,2003
[16]周立功,张华 等,深入浅出ARM7-LPC213x/214x,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[17]TI,MSP430F44X Family user's guide[S],Texas Instruments,2004
[18]祁树胜.SPI接口以太网控制器ENC28J60及其应用[J].微计算机信息.2006,22(08Z):266-268
[19]Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ[M].2003
[20]王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发—基于ARM微处理器与μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003,5-8,21-26,124-12
[21]杨心怀,周洁.ARM芯片的应用和选型[J].设计策略与方法,2004(1),41-44
[22]孔祥营,柏桂枝.嵌入式实时操作系统VxWorks及其开发环境Tornado.北京:中国电力出版社,2002.P23-31
[23]邹思轶.嵌入式Linux设计与应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.P39-43
[24]SP706P/R/S/T,SP708R/S/T+3.0V/+3.3V Low power microprocessor supervisory circuits datasheet[J/OL].Sipex,2000.
[25]Sipex Corporation.SPX1117 User Mannual,2004
[26]http://www.mcu430.com
[27]液晶选型8要素,中国工业设计咨询网http://www.china-idc.cn/home/index.php
[28]深圳市彩晶体科技有限公司,CM164-1液晶说明书
[29]胡大可.MSP430系列Flash型超低功耗16位单片机[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001
[30]DS1307 DATASHEET http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/pdfserv/en/ds/DS1307.pdf
[31]于复生,宋现春,艾兴,时钟芯片DS 1302及其在数据记录中的应用,电子技术应用,2003,(3)
[32]陶海敏,利用DS1302时钟芯片实现“时间锁”的方法[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,(3)
[33]美国模拟器件公司,TMP04 datasheet,1995
[34]谢瑞和,串行技术大全[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2003-4.
[35]李华,孙晓民等,MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术[M],北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003-3.
[36]金伟正,单线数字温度传感器的原理与应用[J],电子技术应用,2000,(6):66-68
[37]OP193/293数据手册
[38]杨振江,A/D.D/A转换器接口技术与使用线路[M],西安电子科技大学出版社1998
[39]Philips Corporation.LPC213X User Manual.Rev01—24 June.2005.
[40]ENC28J60数据手册
[41]Jack W.Szymanski.Embedded Internet Technology In Process Control Device.Factory Communication Systems.2002.Proceedings.2000 IEEE International Workshop on 6-8 Sept.2000 Page(s):301-308.
[42]Lee B.H.Embedded Internet System:Poised for Takeoff[Embedded System].Internet Computing,IEEE Volume 2.Issue 3.May-June 1998 Page(s):24-29.
[43]Filman R.E.Embedded internet systems come home.Internet Computing.IEEE Volume5,Issue 1,Jan-Feb.2001 Page(s):52-53.
[44]Jack W.Szymanski.Embedded Internet Technology In Process Control Device.Factory Communication Systems.2002.Proceedings.2000 IEEE International Workshop on 6-8 Sept.2000 Page(s):301-308.
[45]W.Richard Stevens.TCP/IP Illustrated volumel:The Protocols.2002
[46]胡海,嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的研究与实现,西南交通大学(学位论文),2005
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