机载SAR回波信号模拟器的研制
摘要
合成孔径雷达(SAR)在遥感成像领域有着重要的战略意义。对于SAR回波信号的模拟技术是完成SAR设计和研制的重要保证。目前SAR回波信号模拟器的研究已经成为热门课题,并且已有了基于点目标的回波信号模拟器系统,但是机载SAR模拟技术的发展还不完善,还没有系统级的机载SAR回波信号模拟器产品,因此对这方面的研究还有待于进一步的发展和完善。
本文结合SAR回波信号生成方法和并行DSP处理技术,研究机载SAR回波信号模拟器的系统设计和硬件实现等问题,主要工作如下。
1.分析了简单分布目标模型和经典的距离时域脉冲相干算法的SAR目标回波生成方法,并研究了基于此方法的DSP实现方案。
2.研究了DSP并行处理技术,并在此基础上结合具体设计要求完成了机载SAR回波信号模拟器的系统设计。
3.完成了基于4片ADSP-TigerSHARC信号处理板卡的硬件方案设计,原理图绘制和PCB制作。
4.研究了高速数字设计,分析了本系统中的信号完整性问题,完成了高速系统总线和接口的实现。
5.完成了基于IBIS模型的整板信号仿真,参与了相关的调试工作。调试结果表明,研制的机载SAR回波信号模拟器满足系统设计要求,系统运行正常。
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has important strategic significance in the field of remote sensing imagery. The technology of SAR echo signal simulation is one of the most important parts for SAR system in the processing of design and development and has become a hot topic. Currently, there has been already completed the SAR echo signal simulator on point target. However, not only the research of airborne SAR simulation technology is not yet perfect, but also there are not any airborne SAR echo signal simulator products in the system level in domestic. So it needs more research in this area.
This dissertation focuses on the system design and hardware realization of airborne SAR simulator, which is based on the method of SAR echo simulation in time domain and parallel DSPs processing technology. Aiming to achieve this project, the work of the dissertation is shown below:
1. The method of SAR echo signal simulation, adopted simple distributed target and a coherent approach based on a pulse-by-pulse synthesis in time domain, is analyzed for the realization with DSP model.
2. The system design of airborne SAR echo signal simulator, based on parallel DSPs processing technology, is completed with the project’s design demand.
3. The hardware design of simulator, base on four ADSP-TigerSHARCs, is completed, including the schematics and PCB of the system.
4. The problems of signal integrity are considered and analyzed in the design cycle; also the high-speed bus and connectors are realized in this high-speed digital design.
5. The signal integrity, crosstalk and EMC issues in this design have been simulated and analyzed based on IBIS models, and the debugs are completed.
The research result indicates that this system is coincident with the project’s demand in function. And the main parameters gained by test reach the project’s design demand.
本文结合SAR回波信号生成方法和并行DSP处理技术,研究机载SAR回波信号模拟器的系统设计和硬件实现等问题,主要工作如下。
1.分析了简单分布目标模型和经典的距离时域脉冲相干算法的SAR目标回波生成方法,并研究了基于此方法的DSP实现方案。
2.研究了DSP并行处理技术,并在此基础上结合具体设计要求完成了机载SAR回波信号模拟器的系统设计。
3.完成了基于4片ADSP-TigerSHARC信号处理板卡的硬件方案设计,原理图绘制和PCB制作。
4.研究了高速数字设计,分析了本系统中的信号完整性问题,完成了高速系统总线和接口的实现。
5.完成了基于IBIS模型的整板信号仿真,参与了相关的调试工作。调试结果表明,研制的机载SAR回波信号模拟器满足系统设计要求,系统运行正常。
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has important strategic significance in the field of remote sensing imagery. The technology of SAR echo signal simulation is one of the most important parts for SAR system in the processing of design and development and has become a hot topic. Currently, there has been already completed the SAR echo signal simulator on point target. However, not only the research of airborne SAR simulation technology is not yet perfect, but also there are not any airborne SAR echo signal simulator products in the system level in domestic. So it needs more research in this area.
This dissertation focuses on the system design and hardware realization of airborne SAR simulator, which is based on the method of SAR echo simulation in time domain and parallel DSPs processing technology. Aiming to achieve this project, the work of the dissertation is shown below:
1. The method of SAR echo signal simulation, adopted simple distributed target and a coherent approach based on a pulse-by-pulse synthesis in time domain, is analyzed for the realization with DSP model.
2. The system design of airborne SAR echo signal simulator, based on parallel DSPs processing technology, is completed with the project’s design demand.
3. The hardware design of simulator, base on four ADSP-TigerSHARCs, is completed, including the schematics and PCB of the system.
4. The problems of signal integrity are considered and analyzed in the design cycle; also the high-speed bus and connectors are realized in this high-speed digital design.
5. The signal integrity, crosstalk and EMC issues in this design have been simulated and analyzed based on IBIS models, and the debugs are completed.
The research result indicates that this system is coincident with the project’s demand in function. And the main parameters gained by test reach the project’s design demand.
引文
[1] rlander J C and M cdonough R. Synthetic Aperture Radar: System and Signal Processing. New York, Wiley, 1991.
[2] Franceschetti G., Migkiaccio, D Riccio “The SAR Simulation: an Overview”. IEEE Proc IGRASS, 1995, 2283-2285
[3] ADSP-TS201 TigerSHARC Processor Hardware Reference. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.12
[4] 杨春华. 星载 SAR 目标回波信号模拟及成像显示. 舰船电子对抗. 2005.4, 28(2): 40-43
[5] Julian C.Holtzman. Radar Image Simaulation. IEEE Trans.on GE, 1978, GE-16(4):296-303
[6] G.Domik. SAR Product Simulation, Final Report, Europen Space Agency Contract Report. ESA Contract No.6188/85/NL/BI.1985
[7] R.L.Peters. Synthetic Aperture Radar Simulation Study. AD-A151000.1984
[8] C.R.Griffin. Mathematical Modeling and SAR Simulation Multifunction SAR Technonoly Effort. Final Report, Texas University. 1981: N82-19408
[9] V.H.Kaupp, W.P.Waite, H.C.MacDonald. SAR simulation. IEEE Proc. IGARSS’86, 1986: 1645-1650
[10] G.J.Wessels, M.E.Kirby. SARSIM-A Spaceborne SAR Simation Package. IEEE Proceeding of IGRASS’86 Symposium, 1986: 1655-1660
[11] Franceschetti G., Migliaccio M., Riccio D. SARAS: a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) raw signal simulator. IEEE Trans. on Geoscience and Remote sensing, 1992, 30(1): 110-123
[12] 刘永坦. 雷达成像技术. 哈尔滨工业的大学出版社. 1999.10
[13] Moccia A, Vetrella S, Ponte S. Passive and active calibrator characterization using a spaceborne SAR system simulator. IEEE Trans. On Geosciences and Remote Sensing, 1994, 32(3):715-721.
[14] 曹鹏志. 星载合成孔径雷达数字图像仿真的研究. 哈尔滨工业大学博士学位论文. 1998
[15] ADSP-TS203S TigerSHARC Embedded Processor Data Sheet. Analog Devices, Inc. 2006.11
[16] 苏涛,吴顺军. 高性能 DSP 与高速数字信号处理(第二版). 西安电子科技大学出版社. 2002
[17] 刘书明,苏涛,罗军辉. TigerSHARC DSP 应用系统设计. 电子工业出版社. 2004
[18] Analog Devices JTAG Emulation Technical Reference. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.11
[19] ADSP-TS20x TigerSHARC R 处理器的启动加载内核运行. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.3
[20] The ADSP-TS20x TigerSHARC Processor On-chip SDRAM controller. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.2
[21] SDRAM Selection Guidelines and Configuration for ADI Processors. Analog Devices, Inc.2004.8
[22] Estimating Power for ADSP-TS201S TigerSHARC Processors. Analog Devices, Inc. 2006.11
[23] ADSP-TS20xS TigerSHARC System Design Guidelines. Analog Devices, Inc. 2005.8
[24] TigerSHARC ADSP_TS201S 处理器的散热设计. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.3
[25] Howard Johnson, Martin Graham. High-Speed Digital Design: A Handbook of Black Magic. Pearson Education, Inc. 1993
[26] ADSP-TS201S MP System Simulation and Analysis. Plexus Corp. 2003
[27] User Guide to ADSP-TS201S TigerSHARC processor IBIS Files. Analog Devices, Inc. 2003.2
[2] Franceschetti G., Migkiaccio, D Riccio “The SAR Simulation: an Overview”. IEEE Proc IGRASS, 1995, 2283-2285
[3] ADSP-TS201 TigerSHARC Processor Hardware Reference. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.12
[4] 杨春华. 星载 SAR 目标回波信号模拟及成像显示. 舰船电子对抗. 2005.4, 28(2): 40-43
[5] Julian C.Holtzman. Radar Image Simaulation. IEEE Trans.on GE, 1978, GE-16(4):296-303
[6] G.Domik. SAR Product Simulation, Final Report, Europen Space Agency Contract Report. ESA Contract No.6188/85/NL/BI.1985
[7] R.L.Peters. Synthetic Aperture Radar Simulation Study. AD-A151000.1984
[8] C.R.Griffin. Mathematical Modeling and SAR Simulation Multifunction SAR Technonoly Effort. Final Report, Texas University. 1981: N82-19408
[9] V.H.Kaupp, W.P.Waite, H.C.MacDonald. SAR simulation. IEEE Proc. IGARSS’86, 1986: 1645-1650
[10] G.J.Wessels, M.E.Kirby. SARSIM-A Spaceborne SAR Simation Package. IEEE Proceeding of IGRASS’86 Symposium, 1986: 1655-1660
[11] Franceschetti G., Migliaccio M., Riccio D. SARAS: a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) raw signal simulator. IEEE Trans. on Geoscience and Remote sensing, 1992, 30(1): 110-123
[12] 刘永坦. 雷达成像技术. 哈尔滨工业的大学出版社. 1999.10
[13] Moccia A, Vetrella S, Ponte S. Passive and active calibrator characterization using a spaceborne SAR system simulator. IEEE Trans. On Geosciences and Remote Sensing, 1994, 32(3):715-721.
[14] 曹鹏志. 星载合成孔径雷达数字图像仿真的研究. 哈尔滨工业大学博士学位论文. 1998
[15] ADSP-TS203S TigerSHARC Embedded Processor Data Sheet. Analog Devices, Inc. 2006.11
[16] 苏涛,吴顺军. 高性能 DSP 与高速数字信号处理(第二版). 西安电子科技大学出版社. 2002
[17] 刘书明,苏涛,罗军辉. TigerSHARC DSP 应用系统设计. 电子工业出版社. 2004
[18] Analog Devices JTAG Emulation Technical Reference. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.11
[19] ADSP-TS20x TigerSHARC R 处理器的启动加载内核运行. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.3
[20] The ADSP-TS20x TigerSHARC Processor On-chip SDRAM controller. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.2
[21] SDRAM Selection Guidelines and Configuration for ADI Processors. Analog Devices, Inc.2004.8
[22] Estimating Power for ADSP-TS201S TigerSHARC Processors. Analog Devices, Inc. 2006.11
[23] ADSP-TS20xS TigerSHARC System Design Guidelines. Analog Devices, Inc. 2005.8
[24] TigerSHARC ADSP_TS201S 处理器的散热设计. Analog Devices, Inc. 2004.3
[25] Howard Johnson, Martin Graham. High-Speed Digital Design: A Handbook of Black Magic. Pearson Education, Inc. 1993
[26] ADSP-TS201S MP System Simulation and Analysis. Plexus Corp. 2003
[27] User Guide to ADSP-TS201S TigerSHARC processor IBIS Files. Analog Devices, Inc. 2003.2