衰减链转移自由基（DT）聚合醋酸乙烯酯
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摘要
本文首先对活性聚合、活性自由基聚合、DT聚合、醋酸乙烯酯的活性聚合、醋酸乙烯酯DT聚合进行了文献调查,并加以总结和简短的评述。
在AIBN引发的醋酸乙烯酯自由基聚合体系中加入适量的元素碘,可使体系转化成DT聚合体系。元素碘量增加,诱导期变长,聚合速度变慢,分子量分布变窄,聚合反应的可控程度增加。
聚合动力学实验Ln[M]0/[M]t对反应时间基本呈直线,表明为一级线性关系。分子量随时间线性增长,分子量分布Mw/Mn在1.20-1.65之间,说明该体系是典型的DT聚合。
核磁跟踪实验表明,AIBN和I2在聚合体系中生成一种新物质α-碘代异丁腈,α-碘代异丁腈在体系中起到了可逆的链转移剂的作用,随着聚合时间的延长,体系中AIBN的量逐渐减少,而聚合物分子量逐渐增大。
在75℃,对醋酸乙烯酯的活性聚合范围做了大量实验,发现当[AIBN]:[I2]≥0.5时,聚合得到低聚物。
在见光条件下聚合时,PVAc侧链-OCOCH3上甲基质子有部分被碘取代。采用DT聚合的方法得到的PVAc-I可作为大分子链转移剂,在AIBN作用下,与甲基丙烯酸甲酯发生共聚合。所得的嵌段共聚物分子量分布较窄,核磁结果表明嵌段共聚物的生成。
元素碘存在下醋酸乙烯酯的DT聚合,使难以活性聚合的醋酸乙烯酯,聚合成分子量分布Mw/Mn<1.65的聚合物。其创新处在于用“in situ”原位合成法生成一种活泼的碘化物,避免了碘化物难储存,价格昂贵等缺陷。
End-functional poly(vinyl iodoacetate) (PVAc-I) were prepared by degenerative transfer(DT) polymerization 2.2’-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as radical initiator in the presence of molecular iodine (I2). The process of degenerative transfer(DT) polymerization in the presence of molecular iodine (I2) is based on the direct reaction of radicals from 2.2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) with molecular iodine (I2), which gives the corresponding alkyl iodideα-iodoisobutyronitrile (CH3)2(CN)C-I acted as transfer agent in the polymerization of vinyl acetate(VAc). The influence of reaction temperature and raw materials different molar ratio of [VAc]:[AIBN]:[I2] was investigated, which indicated that the polymerization of vinyl acetate(VAc) by this method with predictable molecular weights and narrow molecular polydispersities is well at 75℃. A series of PVAc-I with predictable molecular weights and narrow polydispersities(Mw/Mn≤1.41) were successfully prepared by degenerative transfer polymerization in the presence of molecular iodine at 75℃and the structure of PVAc-I was investigated using 1H NMR. The iodine at the end of the poly(vinyl iodoacetate) (PVAc-I) by degenerative transfer polymerization in the presence of molecular iodine is active proved by poly(vinyl acetate) block poly(methyl methacrylate) with narrow molecular polydispersities(Mw/Mn=1.43).
在AIBN引发的醋酸乙烯酯自由基聚合体系中加入适量的元素碘,可使体系转化成DT聚合体系。元素碘量增加,诱导期变长,聚合速度变慢,分子量分布变窄,聚合反应的可控程度增加。
聚合动力学实验Ln[M]0/[M]t对反应时间基本呈直线,表明为一级线性关系。分子量随时间线性增长,分子量分布Mw/Mn在1.20-1.65之间,说明该体系是典型的DT聚合。
核磁跟踪实验表明,AIBN和I2在聚合体系中生成一种新物质α-碘代异丁腈,α-碘代异丁腈在体系中起到了可逆的链转移剂的作用,随着聚合时间的延长,体系中AIBN的量逐渐减少,而聚合物分子量逐渐增大。
在75℃,对醋酸乙烯酯的活性聚合范围做了大量实验,发现当[AIBN]:[I2]≥0.5时,聚合得到低聚物。
在见光条件下聚合时,PVAc侧链-OCOCH3上甲基质子有部分被碘取代。采用DT聚合的方法得到的PVAc-I可作为大分子链转移剂,在AIBN作用下,与甲基丙烯酸甲酯发生共聚合。所得的嵌段共聚物分子量分布较窄,核磁结果表明嵌段共聚物的生成。
元素碘存在下醋酸乙烯酯的DT聚合,使难以活性聚合的醋酸乙烯酯,聚合成分子量分布Mw/Mn<1.65的聚合物。其创新处在于用“in situ”原位合成法生成一种活泼的碘化物,避免了碘化物难储存,价格昂贵等缺陷。
End-functional poly(vinyl iodoacetate) (PVAc-I) were prepared by degenerative transfer(DT) polymerization 2.2’-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as radical initiator in the presence of molecular iodine (I2). The process of degenerative transfer(DT) polymerization in the presence of molecular iodine (I2) is based on the direct reaction of radicals from 2.2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) with molecular iodine (I2), which gives the corresponding alkyl iodideα-iodoisobutyronitrile (CH3)2(CN)C-I acted as transfer agent in the polymerization of vinyl acetate(VAc). The influence of reaction temperature and raw materials different molar ratio of [VAc]:[AIBN]:[I2] was investigated, which indicated that the polymerization of vinyl acetate(VAc) by this method with predictable molecular weights and narrow molecular polydispersities is well at 75℃. A series of PVAc-I with predictable molecular weights and narrow polydispersities(Mw/Mn≤1.41) were successfully prepared by degenerative transfer polymerization in the presence of molecular iodine at 75℃and the structure of PVAc-I was investigated using 1H NMR. The iodine at the end of the poly(vinyl iodoacetate) (PVAc-I) by degenerative transfer polymerization in the presence of molecular iodine is active proved by poly(vinyl acetate) block poly(methyl methacrylate) with narrow molecular polydispersities(Mw/Mn=1.43).
引文
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