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舰船摇摆台横荡运动控制系统研究
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摘要
本文是结合国家“211”工程重点投资建设项目“船舶减摇水舱试验装置”的研制工作进行的,深入的分析和研究了水舱试验摇摆台架的横摇和横荡运动。
     首先,对减摇水舱试验摇摆台进行了分析,介绍了减摇水舱试验摇摆台的基本原理、组成、结构、功能,同时对台架的各种参数进行了详尽的测量,为后面准确调节台架打下基础,研究了台架在改变配重、重心、滑块位置时其它参数的变化情况,总结出调整转动惯量的一般方法。
     其次,选取了具体型号器件,建立了横荡位置系统的数学模型,分析摇摆台做横摇运动时产生的干扰力对横荡运动的影响;并对其跟踪输入信号的情况进行仿真研究,仿真结果表明:这个干扰力对横荡运动的影响不大,可忽略。
     再次,硬件方面详细介绍了系统的总体架构、位移传感器的标检和数据采集。软件方面,在Windows系统下实现实时控制的方法、MATLAB连接运行方案、控制器设计扩展接口和用户高级图形功能的实现。
     最后,在水舱摇摆台横荡位置系统中引入一种模糊自整定PID控制器,并对其控制效果进行了仿真研究,通过与常规PID控制效果的仿真结果进行对比,证明了该方法的优越性。
The paper is based on the project "Anti-rolling tank test equipments on the ship" among the country "211" key invested projects, the paper goes on deep analysis and research on motion of rolling and swaying.
    Firstly, the characteristic of platform is analyzed in the paper.The princple, component,structure, function and technical parameter of platform are introduced.The related technics which are applied to simulation of ship's motion are discussed.
    Secondly, some kinds of parts of an apparatus are choosed. Mathematical model of swaying system is made. Meanwhile, the system is simulated and designed. The effect of inertia force on performance of swaying system is also analyzed. According to the result of simulation, the conclusion is drawn that effect of inertia force on performance of swaying system is small.
    Thirdly,hardware includes components of platform,measuring of displaced sensor,data acqusition.The design of software includes realization of real time controlling under Windows Operation System,scheme of running linking to MATLAB.Expanding interface for designing of controller and realization of high-level operation function in graphic-data for user are also included.
    Finally, This paper designed a kind of PID parameters self-tuning controller based upon blur control.Compared with routine PID, the simulation results show that this kind of control strategy is effective .
引文
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