RSD固态脉冲电源电容充电线性度与稳定度控制
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摘要
传统高压大功率脉冲电源一般采用工频变压器升压,体积大而笨重,且获得的脉冲频率范围有限,可靠性较低,控制较困难,不能形成高效有序的脉冲电压。而反向开关晶体管RSD(Reversely Switched Dynistor)固态脉冲电源工作在重复频率下,为使RSD开关能够可靠触发,要求前级电容充电电源具有良好的线性度与稳定度。所以高压脉冲电容充电电源采用全桥高频串联谐振软开关技术,此方案具有输出脉冲控制精确、恒流充电特性、重复频率变化范围大等特点,对RSD配套磁开关的伏秒积控制起到关键作用。
首先描述了RSD固态脉冲电源在充电时要求线性度与稳定度的意义以及电容充电电源的国内外现状研究。通过几种电容充电电源拓扑方案的对比,确定了串联谐振软开关高频充电的方案。
其次叙述了串联谐振高压高频电源断续模式下工作原理,推导各变量公式。对主电路进行了仿真,验证了理论分析的正确性。
然后介绍了高压高频变压器的作用及其特性,分析高压高频变压器分布电容以及漏感给系统带来的影响。提出了寄生漏感与分布电容的处理方法。通过对寄生参数的仿真模拟了充电电流随着负载电压的升高而衰减的非线性过程。
重点是对充电过程中两种不同模式而采取相应的数字控制策略而做出了分析。以DSP TMS320LF2407为控制核心,在充电模式中采用脉冲频率调制(PFM)的闭环控制方法来维持充电电流的恒定,在电压保持模式中采用脉冲宽度调制(PWM)来对电容电压进行稳压控制。设计了一个输入为100V,平均充电电流为160mA,输出为1800V的电容充电电源,完成了实验的装配。
最后进行了电源系统实验,验证了理论与仿真的正确性以及控制策略的有效性。
The traditional high-voltage high-power pulse power supply which used to take advantage of the magnetic compression switch for high-voltage pulse can not generate high-efficiency pulse voltage. A new high-voltage pulse power based on full-bridge and high-frequency serial resonant converter which adopts soft-switching technology is proposed. The scheme has the characteristic of controlling the output pulse precisely, constant charging current and the wide repetitive frequency. The topology ensures the dependable trigger for RSD.
First of all, the meanings of linearity and stability required by RSD solid-state pulsed power when charging are described. The current research situation of capacitor charging power supply both at home and abroad is introduced. several topologies of capacitor charging powers are compared and series resonance soft-switching high-frequency ccps is confirmed.
Secondly, the principles of series resonance high-voltage high-frequency power supply in DCM mode are analyzed. Some formulas of main parameter are derived. Meanwhile, the main circuit is simulated to verify the theoretical analysis.
The purpose and features of high voltage high frequency transformer are introduced. The influence for power supply that is brought by parasitic parameter is discussed. The way to deal with parasitic elements and distributed capacitance is analyzed. Finally, the non-linear process is simulated.
At the end, the closed-loop control of pulse frequency modulation (PFM) is adopted to maintain a constant charge current for the decay of charging current and impact of parasitic parameters and distributed capacitance. The method designs hardware circuit and software program, which takes DSP TMS320F2407 as the control core, and then control the capacitor voltage regulator by PWM, adjust the load capacitor voltage to achieve good voltage stability. The paper also designs signal regulating circuit of output voltage and current.A 100V input, 1600V output capacitor charging power supply is designed.
The correctness of the theory and simulation are verified and the effectiveness of control strategies is conformed.
首先描述了RSD固态脉冲电源在充电时要求线性度与稳定度的意义以及电容充电电源的国内外现状研究。通过几种电容充电电源拓扑方案的对比,确定了串联谐振软开关高频充电的方案。
其次叙述了串联谐振高压高频电源断续模式下工作原理,推导各变量公式。对主电路进行了仿真,验证了理论分析的正确性。
然后介绍了高压高频变压器的作用及其特性,分析高压高频变压器分布电容以及漏感给系统带来的影响。提出了寄生漏感与分布电容的处理方法。通过对寄生参数的仿真模拟了充电电流随着负载电压的升高而衰减的非线性过程。
重点是对充电过程中两种不同模式而采取相应的数字控制策略而做出了分析。以DSP TMS320LF2407为控制核心,在充电模式中采用脉冲频率调制(PFM)的闭环控制方法来维持充电电流的恒定,在电压保持模式中采用脉冲宽度调制(PWM)来对电容电压进行稳压控制。设计了一个输入为100V,平均充电电流为160mA,输出为1800V的电容充电电源,完成了实验的装配。
最后进行了电源系统实验,验证了理论与仿真的正确性以及控制策略的有效性。
The traditional high-voltage high-power pulse power supply which used to take advantage of the magnetic compression switch for high-voltage pulse can not generate high-efficiency pulse voltage. A new high-voltage pulse power based on full-bridge and high-frequency serial resonant converter which adopts soft-switching technology is proposed. The scheme has the characteristic of controlling the output pulse precisely, constant charging current and the wide repetitive frequency. The topology ensures the dependable trigger for RSD.
First of all, the meanings of linearity and stability required by RSD solid-state pulsed power when charging are described. The current research situation of capacitor charging power supply both at home and abroad is introduced. several topologies of capacitor charging powers are compared and series resonance soft-switching high-frequency ccps is confirmed.
Secondly, the principles of series resonance high-voltage high-frequency power supply in DCM mode are analyzed. Some formulas of main parameter are derived. Meanwhile, the main circuit is simulated to verify the theoretical analysis.
The purpose and features of high voltage high frequency transformer are introduced. The influence for power supply that is brought by parasitic parameter is discussed. The way to deal with parasitic elements and distributed capacitance is analyzed. Finally, the non-linear process is simulated.
At the end, the closed-loop control of pulse frequency modulation (PFM) is adopted to maintain a constant charge current for the decay of charging current and impact of parasitic parameters and distributed capacitance. The method designs hardware circuit and software program, which takes DSP TMS320F2407 as the control core, and then control the capacitor voltage regulator by PWM, adjust the load capacitor voltage to achieve good voltage stability. The paper also designs signal regulating circuit of output voltage and current.A 100V input, 1600V output capacitor charging power supply is designed.
The correctness of the theory and simulation are verified and the effectiveness of control strategies is conformed.
引文
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2景璀,张蕾.脉冲技术的应用与发展.电子工艺技术, 2008, 29(3):128-131
3王德玉,王宝诚,邬伟扬.RSD固态脉冲电源中的罗氏线圈电流检测技术.强激光与粒子束,2009,21(11):1755-1760
4余岳辉,梁琳,李谋涛等.超高速半导体开关RSD的开通机理与大电流特性研究.电工技术学报, 2005, 20(2): 36~40
5 J. C. Fothergill, P. W. Devine and P. W. Lefley. A Novel Prototype Design for a Transformer for High Voltage, High Frequency, High Power Use. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. 2001, 16(1):89-98
6 A. C. Lippincott and R. M. Nelms, A Capacitor-charging Power Supply Using a Series-resonant Topology, Constant On-time/variable Frequency Control and Zero-current Switching. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 1991, 38(6):438-447
7 A. K. S. Bhat. A Resonant Convert suitable for 650V DC Bus Operation. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol.6. no.4, pp.739-748, 1991
8 R. L. Steigerwald, A Comparison of Half-bridge Resonant Converter Topologies. IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, vol.3, no.2, pp.174-182, 1988
9丁卫东,张乔根,邱毓昌.高电压恒流源的应用及发展.高电压技术, 1999, 5(4):64-66
10尚雷,王相綦,裴元吉,赵涛,冯光耀,王琳.新型软开关高压脉冲电容恒流充电技术分析.强激光与粒子束, 2001, 13(2):241-244
11杨小卫,严萍,孙鹞鸿,龚金水,邵建设. 35 kV/ 0.7 A高压变频恒流充电电源.高电压技术, 2006, 32(5):54-56
12张文利,彭燕昌,孙广平等.高压开关电源的研制.高电压技术, 2002,28(11):36-37
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16邵建设,严萍.高压电容器充电电源谐振变换器的定频控制.高电压技术, 2006,32(11):107-110
17曾忠,王慧贞.谐振充电式脉冲激光电源的研制.电力电子技术, 2001, l:19-20
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19黄峥嵘.几种高压开关电源软开关电路的研究.电源技术应用, 2008, 11(3):55-58
20 Fabiana Da Silveira Cavalcante. High Output Voltage Series-parallel Resonant DC-DC Converter for Medical X-ray Imaging Applications. 2006:27-34
21 G. Ivensky, A. Kats, S. Ben-Yaakov. A Novel RC Model of Capacitive-loaded Parallel and Series-parallel Resonant DC-DC Converters. The 8th IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1997, 2:958-964
22李超杰,罗忠省.移相全桥串联谐振高压充电电源电路分析.第十五届全国电源技术年会论文集
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24韩永霞,林福昌,戴玲,钟和清,何正浩.紧凑型脉冲电流源的研究.高电压技术, 2008, 34(2):389-392
25 Biju S. Nathan, V. Rammarayanan. Analysis Simulation and Design of Series Resonant Converter for High Voltage Applications .Industrial Technology 2000. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Volume 1, Jan.2000, pp:688-693
26 N. Grass, W. Hartmann and M. Klockner. Application of Different Types of High-voltage Supplies on Industrial Electrostatic Precipitators, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2004,40(6):1513-1520
27 A. K. S. Bhat. Analysis and Design of a Series-parallel Resonant Converter with Capacitive Output Filter. IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, 1991, 21(3):523-530
28 J. M. Ramos, J. Diaz. Dynamic and Steady-state Models for the PRC-LCC Resonant Typology with A Capacitive as Output Filter. IEEE Transaction Power Electronics 2007, 54(4):2262-2275
29 R. L. Steigerwald. Analysis of A Resonant Transistor DC-DC Converter with Capacitive Output Filter. IEEE Transact ion on Power Electronics, 1985, 32(4):439-444
30王广州,师宇杰,唐丽焕,刘小宝.串并联谐振倍压变换器高压电源的设计与研究.高电压技术, 2006, 32(7):98-101
31夏冰,阮新波,陈武.高压大功率场合LCC谐振变换器的分析与设计.电工技术学报, 2009, 24(5):60-66
32阮新波,严仰光.直流开关电源的软开关技术.北京,科学出版社, 2000:66-75
33苏建仓,王利民,丁永忠等.串联谐振充电电源分析及设计.强激光与粒子束, 2004, 16(12):1611-1614
34赵彩凤,于志,王智勇.高频功率脉冲变压器的设计.变压器, 2003, 10(40):6-8
35钟和清,徐至新,邹云屏等.寄生电容对串联谐振电容器充电电源特性的影响.中国电机工程学报, 2005, 25(10):40-44
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2景璀,张蕾.脉冲技术的应用与发展.电子工艺技术, 2008, 29(3):128-131
3王德玉,王宝诚,邬伟扬.RSD固态脉冲电源中的罗氏线圈电流检测技术.强激光与粒子束,2009,21(11):1755-1760
4余岳辉,梁琳,李谋涛等.超高速半导体开关RSD的开通机理与大电流特性研究.电工技术学报, 2005, 20(2): 36~40
5 J. C. Fothergill, P. W. Devine and P. W. Lefley. A Novel Prototype Design for a Transformer for High Voltage, High Frequency, High Power Use. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. 2001, 16(1):89-98
6 A. C. Lippincott and R. M. Nelms, A Capacitor-charging Power Supply Using a Series-resonant Topology, Constant On-time/variable Frequency Control and Zero-current Switching. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 1991, 38(6):438-447
7 A. K. S. Bhat. A Resonant Convert suitable for 650V DC Bus Operation. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol.6. no.4, pp.739-748, 1991
8 R. L. Steigerwald, A Comparison of Half-bridge Resonant Converter Topologies. IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, vol.3, no.2, pp.174-182, 1988
9丁卫东,张乔根,邱毓昌.高电压恒流源的应用及发展.高电压技术, 1999, 5(4):64-66
10尚雷,王相綦,裴元吉,赵涛,冯光耀,王琳.新型软开关高压脉冲电容恒流充电技术分析.强激光与粒子束, 2001, 13(2):241-244
11杨小卫,严萍,孙鹞鸿,龚金水,邵建设. 35 kV/ 0.7 A高压变频恒流充电电源.高电压技术, 2006, 32(5):54-56
12张文利,彭燕昌,孙广平等.高压开关电源的研制.高电压技术, 2002,28(11):36-37
13钟和清,徐至新,邹云屏,潘垣,李劲.软开关高压开关电源设计方法研究.高电压技术, 2005, 31(1):20-23
14张东辉,严萍.高压电容器充电电源的研究.高电压技术, 2008, 34(7):1450-1455
15张柯,邹云屏,钟和清,张华. PWM方式串联谐振CCPS研究.高压电器, 2009, 45(5):44-49
16邵建设,严萍.高压电容器充电电源谐振变换器的定频控制.高电压技术, 2006,32(11):107-110
17曾忠,王慧贞.谐振充电式脉冲激光电源的研制.电力电子技术, 2001, l:19-20
18丁卫东,王霞,邱毓昌.电容器恒流充电电源的通用谐振电路模型.高电压技术, 2002, 28(2):26-29
19黄峥嵘.几种高压开关电源软开关电路的研究.电源技术应用, 2008, 11(3):55-58
20 Fabiana Da Silveira Cavalcante. High Output Voltage Series-parallel Resonant DC-DC Converter for Medical X-ray Imaging Applications. 2006:27-34
21 G. Ivensky, A. Kats, S. Ben-Yaakov. A Novel RC Model of Capacitive-loaded Parallel and Series-parallel Resonant DC-DC Converters. The 8th IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1997, 2:958-964
22李超杰,罗忠省.移相全桥串联谐振高压充电电源电路分析.第十五届全国电源技术年会论文集
23官威,刘军,邓焰,何湘宁.基于谐振软开关的大功率高压直流电源.机电工程2008, 25(7):64-64
24韩永霞,林福昌,戴玲,钟和清,何正浩.紧凑型脉冲电流源的研究.高电压技术, 2008, 34(2):389-392
25 Biju S. Nathan, V. Rammarayanan. Analysis Simulation and Design of Series Resonant Converter for High Voltage Applications .Industrial Technology 2000. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Volume 1, Jan.2000, pp:688-693
26 N. Grass, W. Hartmann and M. Klockner. Application of Different Types of High-voltage Supplies on Industrial Electrostatic Precipitators, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2004,40(6):1513-1520
27 A. K. S. Bhat. Analysis and Design of a Series-parallel Resonant Converter with Capacitive Output Filter. IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, 1991, 21(3):523-530
28 J. M. Ramos, J. Diaz. Dynamic and Steady-state Models for the PRC-LCC Resonant Typology with A Capacitive as Output Filter. IEEE Transaction Power Electronics 2007, 54(4):2262-2275
29 R. L. Steigerwald. Analysis of A Resonant Transistor DC-DC Converter with Capacitive Output Filter. IEEE Transact ion on Power Electronics, 1985, 32(4):439-444
30王广州,师宇杰,唐丽焕,刘小宝.串并联谐振倍压变换器高压电源的设计与研究.高电压技术, 2006, 32(7):98-101
31夏冰,阮新波,陈武.高压大功率场合LCC谐振变换器的分析与设计.电工技术学报, 2009, 24(5):60-66
32阮新波,严仰光.直流开关电源的软开关技术.北京,科学出版社, 2000:66-75
33苏建仓,王利民,丁永忠等.串联谐振充电电源分析及设计.强激光与粒子束, 2004, 16(12):1611-1614
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