筒体结构桩筏基础计算方法研究
|
摘要
筒体结构作为建筑结构的一种形式，因其可以提供灵活的大空间、结构受力合理而在高层建筑中得到广泛应用，它的出现将高层建筑推向了一个新的历史时期。桩筏基础同时具有桩基础和筏板基础的优点，桩一筏共同承担建筑物的荷载，它具有整体性好、竖向承载力高、基础沉降小、调节不均匀沉降能力强的优点，同时可以承受风荷载或地震荷载引起的巨大水平力，抗倾覆能力强。因此，对筒体结构桩筏基础计算理论进行研究有着很大的社会效益和经济效应。
基础工程计算分析的正确程度主要取决于地基模型和计算参数的选择；筒体上部结构与地基、桩筏三者相互联系处于一个共同作用的完整系统中并且发生变形。在本文中，我们就地基模型和计算参数选择进行了详细的介绍，并用共同作用分析方法对该系统进行了分析，且建立了共同作用的矩阵法方程。
有限元法作为一种离散化的数值方法，是一种近似方法，其理论基础是变分原理。桩筏基础筏板的设计、计算采用厚板理论分析，主要用厚板有限元法来分析筏板的受力、变形特点。关于桩筏基础桩基的研究，本文也采用弹性力学和有限元法相结合进行分析，其分析方法与厚板有限元法基本相似，另外，我们还对结构分析软件ANSYS进行了简介。
本文选用八节点六面体单元对桩筏基础筏板和桩基进行分析，重点介绍了用八节点六面体单元对桩筏基础筏板的分析。在分析时，本文将钢筋混凝土上部结构和地基、基础的研究问题视为各向同性空间问题，且按静力等效原则计算等效节点荷载，荷载列阵由单元等效结点力和直接作用于单元结点上结点荷载集成而得。
As a kind of layout plan, tube structure is widely applied due to its commodious room and reasonable structure loading. Its appearance has brought high-rise building into a new history period. Piled raft foundations have advantages of pile and plate foundations. Pile and raft take the load of buildings together. It possesses good whole, high vertical capacity, small settlement of foundation and well performance of balancing differential settlements. It could bear large wind or seismic induced horizon load, and could have large capacity of resisting inclination. Therefore, the study of calculating method on tube-structure piled raft foundation has great social effects and economical profits.
Corrective level of calculation and analysis on foundation projects is determined by the choice of subsoil model and computation parameter for subsoil models, and there is the interaction of tube upper structure -piled raft-subsoil system. In this paper, we introduce in detail some kinds of views how to choose subsoil models correctly and how to determine computation parameters for subsoil models, and we analyze their system with reaction theory and establish balancing matrix equation of pile-raft interaction.
As a kind of dispersed numerical value method, the finite element is of approximate methods, and is based on principle of variation. In designing and calculating plate of piled-raft foundation, thick-plate theory has been applied, that is, thick-plate finite element method is mainly used when load and deformation of plate are analyzed. On research of piled foundation, elastic mechanics and finite element method are also used in this paper, its analyzing method is elementarily similar to thick-plate finite element. Furthermore, structural analyzing software ANSYS is briefly introduced in this paper.
In this paper the 8-nodes 6-planes solid element (solid45) is applied to
analyze plate and pile, and we give priority to analyzing plate. When reinforced concrete upper structure-piled raft -subsoil system is studied, every part of this system is looked upon homogeneous discrete space. Accofding to static equivalent principle, equivalent node loads are calculated, and load embattle is integrated with element equivalent node force and directly bearing load
基础工程计算分析的正确程度主要取决于地基模型和计算参数的选择；筒体上部结构与地基、桩筏三者相互联系处于一个共同作用的完整系统中并且发生变形。在本文中，我们就地基模型和计算参数选择进行了详细的介绍，并用共同作用分析方法对该系统进行了分析，且建立了共同作用的矩阵法方程。
有限元法作为一种离散化的数值方法，是一种近似方法，其理论基础是变分原理。桩筏基础筏板的设计、计算采用厚板理论分析，主要用厚板有限元法来分析筏板的受力、变形特点。关于桩筏基础桩基的研究，本文也采用弹性力学和有限元法相结合进行分析，其分析方法与厚板有限元法基本相似，另外，我们还对结构分析软件ANSYS进行了简介。
本文选用八节点六面体单元对桩筏基础筏板和桩基进行分析，重点介绍了用八节点六面体单元对桩筏基础筏板的分析。在分析时，本文将钢筋混凝土上部结构和地基、基础的研究问题视为各向同性空间问题，且按静力等效原则计算等效节点荷载，荷载列阵由单元等效结点力和直接作用于单元结点上结点荷载集成而得。
As a kind of layout plan, tube structure is widely applied due to its commodious room and reasonable structure loading. Its appearance has brought high-rise building into a new history period. Piled raft foundations have advantages of pile and plate foundations. Pile and raft take the load of buildings together. It possesses good whole, high vertical capacity, small settlement of foundation and well performance of balancing differential settlements. It could bear large wind or seismic induced horizon load, and could have large capacity of resisting inclination. Therefore, the study of calculating method on tube-structure piled raft foundation has great social effects and economical profits.
Corrective level of calculation and analysis on foundation projects is determined by the choice of subsoil model and computation parameter for subsoil models, and there is the interaction of tube upper structure -piled raft-subsoil system. In this paper, we introduce in detail some kinds of views how to choose subsoil models correctly and how to determine computation parameters for subsoil models, and we analyze their system with reaction theory and establish balancing matrix equation of pile-raft interaction.
As a kind of dispersed numerical value method, the finite element is of approximate methods, and is based on principle of variation. In designing and calculating plate of piled-raft foundation, thick-plate theory has been applied, that is, thick-plate finite element method is mainly used when load and deformation of plate are analyzed. On research of piled foundation, elastic mechanics and finite element method are also used in this paper, its analyzing method is elementarily similar to thick-plate finite element. Furthermore, structural analyzing software ANSYS is briefly introduced in this paper.
In this paper the 8-nodes 6-planes solid element (solid45) is applied to
analyze plate and pile, and we give priority to analyzing plate. When reinforced concrete upper structure-piled raft -subsoil system is studied, every part of this system is looked upon homogeneous discrete space. Accofding to static equivalent principle, equivalent node loads are calculated, and load embattle is integrated with element equivalent node force and directly bearing load
引文
[01] 何广乾，陈祥福，徐至钧，高层建筑设计与施工，科学出版社，1992
[02] 宋天齐，多高层建筑结构设计(35)，重庆大学出版社，2001
[03] 赵志缙，叶可明，吴君侯等，高层建筑施工手册(第二版)，同济大学出版社，1996
[04] 赵西安，高层建筑结构实用设计方法(第三版)，同济大学出版社，1998
[05] 包世华，新编高层建筑结构，中国水利水电出版社，2001
[06] 张利，王晓鹏，建筑地基基础，中南工业大学出版社，1998
[07] 龚晓南，复合地基理论及工程应用，中国建筑工业出版社，2002
[08] 宰金珉，宰金璋，高层建筑基础分析与设计，中国建筑工业出版社1993
[09] 董建国，赵锡宏，高层建筑地基基础，同济大学出版社，1996
[10] 唐有刚，高等结构动力学，天津大学出版社，2002
[11] 吕西林，周德源，李思明等，建筑结构抗震设计理论与实例(第二版)，同济大学出版社，2002
[12] 赵经文，王宏钰，结构有限元分析(第二版)，科学出版社，2001
[13] 李庆扬，关治，白峰杉，数值计算原理，清华大学出版社，2000
[14] 杨永谦，有限元法及其在结构分析中的应用，大连海运学院出版社，1992
[15] 陆明万，罗学富，弹性理论基础(Ⅱ，第二版，下册)，清华大学出版社，施普林格出版社，2001
[16] [美]Saeed Moaveni著，欧阳宇，王崧等译，有限元分析—ANSYS理论与应用，电子工业出版社，2003
[17] 江理平，唐高寿，王俊民，工程弹性力学，同济大学出版社，2002
[18] 王元汉，李丽娟，李银平，有限元法基础与程序设计，华南理工大学出版社，2001
[19] 袁海庆，蒋沧如，有限单元法的理论与工程应用，武汉工业大学出版社，1997
[20] 沈聚敏，王传志，江见鲸，钢筋混凝土有限元及板壳极限分析，清华大学出版社，1993
[21] 史佩栋，高大钊，钱力航，21世纪高层建筑基础工程，中国建筑工业出版社，2000
[22] 龙驭球，包世华，结构力学，清华大学出版社，1981
[23] 张乃瑞，高层建筑天然地基变形特点和分析方法，武汉理工大学出版社，2000
[24] 刘国庆，杨庆东，ANSYS工程应用教程—机械篇，中国铁道出版社，2003
[25] 嘉木工作室编著，ANSYS5.7有限元实例分析教程，机械工业出版社，2002
[26] 黄克胜，王增涛，对结构设计中几个问题的探讨，山东冶金，2001
[27] 姜福香，王玉田，上部结构—厚筏基础—土共同作用分析，土工基础，1998
[28] 胡汉兵，茜平一，陈小平，桩—承台—土共同作用的三维有限元分析，工程勘探，1999
[29] 钟闻华，张克恭，刘松玉，天然地基上的筏板基础受力及变形分析，中山大学学报(自然科学版)，2002
[30] 凌道盛，陈云敏，丁皓江，任意基础板的有限元分析，岩土工程学报，2000
[31] 袁勋，宫剑飞，高层建筑厚筏基础的简化计算分析，建筑科学，2001
[32] 王元汉，邱先敏，张佑启，弹性地基板的等参有限元计算，岩土工程学报，1998
[33] 许贤敏，上海金茂大厦底层基础筏板的施工，新型建筑材料，2002
[34] 王明贵，筏板基础的计算研究与工程应用，建筑结构，2001
[35] 陈东贵，复合地基承载力试验与探讨，岩土工程技术，2001
[36] Clancy, P.& Randolph, M.F., Analysis and Design of Piled Raft Foundations, Geotechnique Vol.46, No. 2, 313—328
[37] Widjojo A. Prakoso and Fred H. Kulhawy, Contribution to Piled Raft Foundation Design, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2001
[38] Zhang Zhongxian, rang Jiaxiang, Li Li, Lei Yuxiang, Treatment Method for a Pile Foundation Accident of 22 Storey Building, Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2001
[39] Nasri, Verya, Magnan, Effect of soil consolidation on space frame-raft-soil interaction, Journal of Structural Engineering,1997
[40] Viggiani C.(1997), Some Comments on the Analysis of Piled Rafts, Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 4, 2263—2264.
[41] Francesco Castelli and Michele Maugeri, Simplified Nonlinear Analysis for Settlement Prediction of Pile Groups, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2002
[42] Ou C Y, Chiou D C, Wu T S, Three-dimensional finite element analysis of deep excavation, J. Geotech.,ASCE, 1996
[43] Richard Bradshaw, David Campbell, Mousa Gargari, Special Structure:Past, Present and Future, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002
[44] M.N. Huang and D.P.Thambiratnam, Dynamic Response of Plates on Elastic Foundation to Moving Loads, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2002
[45] Dan M. Ghiocel and Roger G. Ghanem, Stochastic Finite-Element Analysis of Seismic Soil-Structure Interaction, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2002
[46] Kishida, M.(1991), Soil-piled Raft Foundation Interaction, Proceedings 8th ARCSFME(2) Bangkok:331—334
[47] Cheng Yungming, Some Consideration on Elastic Pile Foundaion Analysis by Poulos, Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2001
[48] Randolph M F, Design Methods for Pile Groups and Pile Rafts, Proc. of 13thICSMFE, New Delhi, 1994
[49] Horikoshi K. & Randolph, M.F., A contribution to optimum design of piled rafts, Geotechnique, 1998
[50] Horikoshi K. and Randolph, M.F., Optimum design of piled raft foundation, Proc. 14th.Int. Conf. SMFE, 1997
[51] Kulhawy, F.H. and Prakoso, W.A. (1997), Some Observation on Piled Raft(mat) Foundation Analysis, Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering Vol. 4, 2261—2262
[02] 宋天齐，多高层建筑结构设计(35)，重庆大学出版社，2001
[03] 赵志缙，叶可明，吴君侯等，高层建筑施工手册(第二版)，同济大学出版社，1996
[04] 赵西安，高层建筑结构实用设计方法(第三版)，同济大学出版社，1998
[05] 包世华，新编高层建筑结构，中国水利水电出版社，2001
[06] 张利，王晓鹏，建筑地基基础，中南工业大学出版社，1998
[07] 龚晓南，复合地基理论及工程应用，中国建筑工业出版社，2002
[08] 宰金珉，宰金璋，高层建筑基础分析与设计，中国建筑工业出版社1993
[09] 董建国，赵锡宏，高层建筑地基基础，同济大学出版社，1996
[10] 唐有刚，高等结构动力学，天津大学出版社，2002
[11] 吕西林，周德源，李思明等，建筑结构抗震设计理论与实例(第二版)，同济大学出版社，2002
[12] 赵经文，王宏钰，结构有限元分析(第二版)，科学出版社，2001
[13] 李庆扬，关治，白峰杉，数值计算原理，清华大学出版社，2000
[14] 杨永谦，有限元法及其在结构分析中的应用，大连海运学院出版社，1992
[15] 陆明万，罗学富，弹性理论基础(Ⅱ，第二版，下册)，清华大学出版社，施普林格出版社，2001
[16] [美]Saeed Moaveni著，欧阳宇，王崧等译，有限元分析—ANSYS理论与应用，电子工业出版社，2003
[17] 江理平，唐高寿，王俊民，工程弹性力学，同济大学出版社，2002
[18] 王元汉，李丽娟，李银平，有限元法基础与程序设计，华南理工大学出版社，2001
[19] 袁海庆，蒋沧如，有限单元法的理论与工程应用，武汉工业大学出版社，1997
[20] 沈聚敏，王传志，江见鲸，钢筋混凝土有限元及板壳极限分析，清华大学出版社，1993
[21] 史佩栋，高大钊，钱力航，21世纪高层建筑基础工程，中国建筑工业出版社，2000
[22] 龙驭球，包世华，结构力学，清华大学出版社，1981
[23] 张乃瑞，高层建筑天然地基变形特点和分析方法，武汉理工大学出版社，2000
[24] 刘国庆，杨庆东，ANSYS工程应用教程—机械篇，中国铁道出版社，2003
[25] 嘉木工作室编著，ANSYS5.7有限元实例分析教程，机械工业出版社，2002
[26] 黄克胜，王增涛，对结构设计中几个问题的探讨，山东冶金，2001
[27] 姜福香，王玉田，上部结构—厚筏基础—土共同作用分析，土工基础，1998
[28] 胡汉兵，茜平一，陈小平，桩—承台—土共同作用的三维有限元分析，工程勘探，1999
[29] 钟闻华，张克恭，刘松玉，天然地基上的筏板基础受力及变形分析，中山大学学报(自然科学版)，2002
[30] 凌道盛，陈云敏，丁皓江，任意基础板的有限元分析，岩土工程学报，2000
[31] 袁勋，宫剑飞，高层建筑厚筏基础的简化计算分析，建筑科学，2001
[32] 王元汉，邱先敏，张佑启，弹性地基板的等参有限元计算，岩土工程学报，1998
[33] 许贤敏，上海金茂大厦底层基础筏板的施工，新型建筑材料，2002
[34] 王明贵，筏板基础的计算研究与工程应用，建筑结构，2001
[35] 陈东贵，复合地基承载力试验与探讨，岩土工程技术，2001
[36] Clancy, P.& Randolph, M.F., Analysis and Design of Piled Raft Foundations, Geotechnique Vol.46, No. 2, 313—328
[37] Widjojo A. Prakoso and Fred H. Kulhawy, Contribution to Piled Raft Foundation Design, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2001
[38] Zhang Zhongxian, rang Jiaxiang, Li Li, Lei Yuxiang, Treatment Method for a Pile Foundation Accident of 22 Storey Building, Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2001
[39] Nasri, Verya, Magnan, Effect of soil consolidation on space frame-raft-soil interaction, Journal of Structural Engineering,1997
[40] Viggiani C.(1997), Some Comments on the Analysis of Piled Rafts, Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 4, 2263—2264.
[41] Francesco Castelli and Michele Maugeri, Simplified Nonlinear Analysis for Settlement Prediction of Pile Groups, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2002
[42] Ou C Y, Chiou D C, Wu T S, Three-dimensional finite element analysis of deep excavation, J. Geotech.,ASCE, 1996
[43] Richard Bradshaw, David Campbell, Mousa Gargari, Special Structure:Past, Present and Future, Journal of Structural Engineering, 2002
[44] M.N. Huang and D.P.Thambiratnam, Dynamic Response of Plates on Elastic Foundation to Moving Loads, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2002
[45] Dan M. Ghiocel and Roger G. Ghanem, Stochastic Finite-Element Analysis of Seismic Soil-Structure Interaction, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2002
[46] Kishida, M.(1991), Soil-piled Raft Foundation Interaction, Proceedings 8th ARCSFME(2) Bangkok:331—334
[47] Cheng Yungming, Some Consideration on Elastic Pile Foundaion Analysis by Poulos, Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2001
[48] Randolph M F, Design Methods for Pile Groups and Pile Rafts, Proc. of 13thICSMFE, New Delhi, 1994
[49] Horikoshi K. & Randolph, M.F., A contribution to optimum design of piled rafts, Geotechnique, 1998
[50] Horikoshi K. and Randolph, M.F., Optimum design of piled raft foundation, Proc. 14th.Int. Conf. SMFE, 1997
[51] Kulhawy, F.H. and Prakoso, W.A. (1997), Some Observation on Piled Raft(mat) Foundation Analysis, Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering Vol. 4, 2261—2262