钢板桩在黑龙江水系码头工程中的应用研究
摘要
黑龙江水系是我国内河三大通航水系之一。水系内共有港口码头273处,其中15个为开放港口(水运口岸)。水路交通运输对黑龙江省发展外向型经济,特别是对俄经贸科技发展、两岸人民往来作用十分显著。十二五期间,黑龙江航运将加大界河开放、港口建设以及江海联运码头建设力度,加强内河港口码头建设,从而形成以主要港口为中心、以区域重要港口为辅助、以一般港口为补充的黑龙江省港口新格局。
上世纪,黑龙江水系内码头结构形式以重力式结构为主,桩基结构为辅。近年来,随着经济的快速发展,各类快捷、高效、环保、节能的建筑工法逐渐得到认可,在一些码头工程项目中,如哈尔滨港、抚远港、同江港、松原港等相继开始使用钢板桩,并取得了良好的经济效益。
本文依托松花江上游松原港朝阳作业区1000吨级煤炭码头工程,以钢板桩码头结构为研究对象,根据工程条件及使用要求,对钢板桩的受力原理、板桩选型、结构计算等进行分析和研究,旨在探讨钢板桩入土深度、拉杆埋深、拉杆直径以及拉杆长度等主要结构参数的相关性。再结合松花江下游同江外贸码头工程、黑龙江中游抚远石油码头工程,将依托工程得到的结论进行验证校核。
本文通过对钢板桩码头结构各参数的相关性分析,试图得到适合黑龙江水系钢板桩码头优化设计的快捷方法,为港口码头项目在规划立项、可行性研究、初步设计阶段确定结构形式、工程规模及投资估算等提供参考。
Heilongjiang River System is one of three inland navigable river systems. There are273wharves in the river system,15wharves of which are open ports. During the12th five-year plan, the constructions of open port, sea-river joint transport wharf and inland port will be increased in Heilongjiang navigation. The new pattern of port in Heilongjiang province is formed that the main port is taken as center, the important regional port is taken as auxiliary and the general port is taken as supplement.
The gravity wharf is the main structure and pile foundation structure is auxiliary in Heilongjiang river system at the last century. In recent years, with the rapid development of economic, many fast, efficient, environmental and energy-saving construction techniques have been accepted. The steel sheet pile was begun to use in some wharf projects, such as Haerbin port, Fuyuan port, Tongjiang port and Songyuan port, and the economical benefit was obtained.
Depending on the1000t coal wharf project in Chaoyang work zone of the Songyuan port in the upper reach of Songhua River, taking the steel sheet pile wharf structure as the research object, according to the engineering condition and operational requirement, the force mechanism, type selection and structural calculation of the steel sheet pile are analyzed and researched. The main purpose is to deal with the correlation of main structural parameter, such as embedded depth of steel sheet pile, embedded depth of tie rod, diameter of tie rod and length of tie rod. Combining with Tongjiang foreign trade wharf project in the lower reach of Songhua river and Fuyuan petroleum wharf project in the middle reach of Heilongjiang river, the conclusion from the supporting project are validated.
Through the research of correlation of the structural parameter of steel sheet pile wharf, the shortcut method suited for optimal design of the steel sheet pile wharf in Heilongjiang river system are obtained in this paper. It can provide reference for determining structure form, project scale and investment estimate in the stage of planning, feasibility study and preliminary design of wharf project.
上世纪,黑龙江水系内码头结构形式以重力式结构为主,桩基结构为辅。近年来,随着经济的快速发展,各类快捷、高效、环保、节能的建筑工法逐渐得到认可,在一些码头工程项目中,如哈尔滨港、抚远港、同江港、松原港等相继开始使用钢板桩,并取得了良好的经济效益。
本文依托松花江上游松原港朝阳作业区1000吨级煤炭码头工程,以钢板桩码头结构为研究对象,根据工程条件及使用要求,对钢板桩的受力原理、板桩选型、结构计算等进行分析和研究,旨在探讨钢板桩入土深度、拉杆埋深、拉杆直径以及拉杆长度等主要结构参数的相关性。再结合松花江下游同江外贸码头工程、黑龙江中游抚远石油码头工程,将依托工程得到的结论进行验证校核。
本文通过对钢板桩码头结构各参数的相关性分析,试图得到适合黑龙江水系钢板桩码头优化设计的快捷方法,为港口码头项目在规划立项、可行性研究、初步设计阶段确定结构形式、工程规模及投资估算等提供参考。
Heilongjiang River System is one of three inland navigable river systems. There are273wharves in the river system,15wharves of which are open ports. During the12th five-year plan, the constructions of open port, sea-river joint transport wharf and inland port will be increased in Heilongjiang navigation. The new pattern of port in Heilongjiang province is formed that the main port is taken as center, the important regional port is taken as auxiliary and the general port is taken as supplement.
The gravity wharf is the main structure and pile foundation structure is auxiliary in Heilongjiang river system at the last century. In recent years, with the rapid development of economic, many fast, efficient, environmental and energy-saving construction techniques have been accepted. The steel sheet pile was begun to use in some wharf projects, such as Haerbin port, Fuyuan port, Tongjiang port and Songyuan port, and the economical benefit was obtained.
Depending on the1000t coal wharf project in Chaoyang work zone of the Songyuan port in the upper reach of Songhua River, taking the steel sheet pile wharf structure as the research object, according to the engineering condition and operational requirement, the force mechanism, type selection and structural calculation of the steel sheet pile are analyzed and researched. The main purpose is to deal with the correlation of main structural parameter, such as embedded depth of steel sheet pile, embedded depth of tie rod, diameter of tie rod and length of tie rod. Combining with Tongjiang foreign trade wharf project in the lower reach of Songhua river and Fuyuan petroleum wharf project in the middle reach of Heilongjiang river, the conclusion from the supporting project are validated.
Through the research of correlation of the structural parameter of steel sheet pile wharf, the shortcut method suited for optimal design of the steel sheet pile wharf in Heilongjiang river system are obtained in this paper. It can provide reference for determining structure form, project scale and investment estimate in the stage of planning, feasibility study and preliminary design of wharf project.
引文
[1]刘幼如,石守芹,等.我国工程钢板桩应用前景初探[J].中国水运,2011(1)：232-234.
[2]宋焕君.国内钢板桩市场现状与应用前景[J].冶金管理,2011(7)：32-34.
[3]刘幼如,王振镛.海岸工程使用钢板桩作水工建筑物主体的探讨[J].水运工程,2001(12)：21-23.
[4]刘进生,刘永绣.卸荷板式板桩码头结构在汉堡港的应用[J].港工技术,2005(4)：20-21.
[5]刘永绣.板桩和地下墙码头的设计理论和方法[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2006.
[6]中华人民共和国行业标准.板桩码头设计与施工规范(JTS 167-3-2009) [S]北京：人民交通出版社,2009.
[7]中华人民共和国国家标准.港口工程结构可靠性设计统一标准(GB 50158-2010)[S].北京：中国计划出版社,2010.
[8]中华人民共和国行业标准.港口工程荷载规范(JTS 144-1-2010) [S]北京：人民交通出版社,2010.
[9]中华人民共和国行业标准.港口工程桩基规范(JTJ 254-98)[S].北京：人民交通出版社,1999.
[10]中华人民共和国行业标准.港口工程混凝土结构设计规范(JTJ 267-98)[S].北京：人民交通出版社,1999.
[11]王浩芬.有锚板桩墙计算方法[J].港工技术,1989(1)：10-22.
[12]Jeffrey.H. Greenwald.Driven By Design:steel Sheet Piling Applications[J]. The Construction Specifier EI,2009,62 (3).
[13]M.P. Byfield:R.W. Mawer. Analysis of reduced modulus action in U-section steel sheet piles[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research El SCI,2004,60(3/5).
[14]韩理安.港口水工建筑物(第二版)[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2008.
[15]陈万佳.港口水工建筑物[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1989.
[16]李志林,徐光明.单锚板桩结构码头离心模型试验研究[J].水利水运工程学报,2008(1)：67-72.
[17]D. A. Kort. The transfer matrix method applied to steel sheet pile walls[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2003,27(6).
[18]裴张兵,王云球.板桩码头计算方法的分析比较[J].水运工程,1998(11)：6-10.
[19]蒲延君.国外钢板桩码头结构应用概况[J].水运工程,]985(9)：29-33.
[20]张宏亮.U型钢板桩的冷弯性能[J].材料科学与工程学报,2011(3)：441-444.
[21]段可可.板桩高桩码头应用及推广研究分析[J].中国水运,2011(1)：230-232.
[22]王多垠.一种计算板桩墙的数解法[J].重庆交通学院学报,1995,114(4)：98-104.
[23]Shinya Inazumi; Hiroyasu Ohtsu; Yu Otake; Makoto Kimura; Masashi Kamon. Evaluation Of Environmental Feasibility Of Steel Pipe Sheet Pile Cutoff Wall At Coastal Landfill Sites[J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Managemen,2009,11(1).
[24]方朝君.厦门港某钢板桩码头的设计与施工[J].港工技术,2011(3)：23-25.
[25]D. Matthew Stuart. Project-Specific Steel Sheet Piling Applications[J]. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction EI,2004,9(4).
[26]姜复生.国外冷弯钢板桩生产发展趋势[N].中国冶金报,2010-6.8(2)
[27]张德果,毛铠.盐田港格型钢板桩码头结构设计[J].水运工程,1996(10)：93-95.
[28]宋兰芳,王伟,卢永昌.广州港南沙港区粮食及通用码头结构创新设计[J].水运工程,2001(11)：94-99.
[29]周玉芝,耿敬,陆立宾.钻孔灌注桩在黑龙江省码头工程中的应用[J].黑龙江水利科技,2000(3)：75-76.
[30]张娟.中美日板桩码头设计方法对比分析[D].大连：大连理工大学,2011.
[31]李晓慧.板桩码头板桩墙计算方法研究[D].大连：大连理工大学,2006.
[32]李继才.土锚钢板桩码头结构计算分析研究[D].南京：河海大学,2004.
[33]朱晓峰.黑龙江水系港口布局规划战略思考[J].中国港口,2008(7)：22-23.
[34]朱逢立.黑龙江内河航运发展分析[J].世界海运,2010(10)：34-37.
[2]宋焕君.国内钢板桩市场现状与应用前景[J].冶金管理,2011(7)：32-34.
[3]刘幼如,王振镛.海岸工程使用钢板桩作水工建筑物主体的探讨[J].水运工程,2001(12)：21-23.
[4]刘进生,刘永绣.卸荷板式板桩码头结构在汉堡港的应用[J].港工技术,2005(4)：20-21.
[5]刘永绣.板桩和地下墙码头的设计理论和方法[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2006.
[6]中华人民共和国行业标准.板桩码头设计与施工规范(JTS 167-3-2009) [S]北京：人民交通出版社,2009.
[7]中华人民共和国国家标准.港口工程结构可靠性设计统一标准(GB 50158-2010)[S].北京：中国计划出版社,2010.
[8]中华人民共和国行业标准.港口工程荷载规范(JTS 144-1-2010) [S]北京：人民交通出版社,2010.
[9]中华人民共和国行业标准.港口工程桩基规范(JTJ 254-98)[S].北京：人民交通出版社,1999.
[10]中华人民共和国行业标准.港口工程混凝土结构设计规范(JTJ 267-98)[S].北京：人民交通出版社,1999.
[11]王浩芬.有锚板桩墙计算方法[J].港工技术,1989(1)：10-22.
[12]Jeffrey.H. Greenwald.Driven By Design:steel Sheet Piling Applications[J]. The Construction Specifier EI,2009,62 (3).
[13]M.P. Byfield:R.W. Mawer. Analysis of reduced modulus action in U-section steel sheet piles[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research El SCI,2004,60(3/5).
[14]韩理安.港口水工建筑物(第二版)[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2008.
[15]陈万佳.港口水工建筑物[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1989.
[16]李志林,徐光明.单锚板桩结构码头离心模型试验研究[J].水利水运工程学报,2008(1)：67-72.
[17]D. A. Kort. The transfer matrix method applied to steel sheet pile walls[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2003,27(6).
[18]裴张兵,王云球.板桩码头计算方法的分析比较[J].水运工程,1998(11)：6-10.
[19]蒲延君.国外钢板桩码头结构应用概况[J].水运工程,]985(9)：29-33.
[20]张宏亮.U型钢板桩的冷弯性能[J].材料科学与工程学报,2011(3)：441-444.
[21]段可可.板桩高桩码头应用及推广研究分析[J].中国水运,2011(1)：230-232.
[22]王多垠.一种计算板桩墙的数解法[J].重庆交通学院学报,1995,114(4)：98-104.
[23]Shinya Inazumi; Hiroyasu Ohtsu; Yu Otake; Makoto Kimura; Masashi Kamon. Evaluation Of Environmental Feasibility Of Steel Pipe Sheet Pile Cutoff Wall At Coastal Landfill Sites[J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Managemen,2009,11(1).
[24]方朝君.厦门港某钢板桩码头的设计与施工[J].港工技术,2011(3)：23-25.
[25]D. Matthew Stuart. Project-Specific Steel Sheet Piling Applications[J]. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction EI,2004,9(4).
[26]姜复生.国外冷弯钢板桩生产发展趋势[N].中国冶金报,2010-6.8(2)
[27]张德果,毛铠.盐田港格型钢板桩码头结构设计[J].水运工程,1996(10)：93-95.
[28]宋兰芳,王伟,卢永昌.广州港南沙港区粮食及通用码头结构创新设计[J].水运工程,2001(11)：94-99.
[29]周玉芝,耿敬,陆立宾.钻孔灌注桩在黑龙江省码头工程中的应用[J].黑龙江水利科技,2000(3)：75-76.
[30]张娟.中美日板桩码头设计方法对比分析[D].大连：大连理工大学,2011.
[31]李晓慧.板桩码头板桩墙计算方法研究[D].大连：大连理工大学,2006.
[32]李继才.土锚钢板桩码头结构计算分析研究[D].南京：河海大学,2004.
[33]朱晓峰.黑龙江水系港口布局规划战略思考[J].中国港口,2008(7)：22-23.
[34]朱逢立.黑龙江内河航运发展分析[J].世界海运,2010(10)：34-37.