无钻杆旋挖钻孔机试验装置设计与分析
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摘要
最近这些年,伴随着中国经济的腾飞,国家投入了大量的资金进行基础工程建设。在这段时间,中国的旋挖钻机行业得到了迅速发展,作为旋挖钻机中新的一员——无钻杆旋挖钻孔机以其独特的结构和优越的性能备受关注。它富有创意的结构突破了传统旋挖钻机的瓶颈,钻孔深度不再受限制。由于无钻杆旋挖钻孔机刚出现,仍有些问题需要解决,目前国外和国内并无无钻杆旋挖钻孔机试验装置,急需一个这样的试验装置。
本课题根据设定的设计参数、考虑无钻杆旋挖钻孔机试验装置在试验环境特殊的要求,完成了整机结构设计、对结构进行了有限元分析,对执行机构进行了虚拟样机仿真分析。
根据无钻杆旋挖钻孔机的工作机理提出了试验装置的结构设计方案,并完成了实验装置各个机构具体的结构设计。详细的分析了试验装置的工作方式,提出了一个能够拆分的液压管卷筒的设计方案,并完成了详细的结构设计,通过受力分析、有限元以及仿真分析,验证了它的可行性与可靠性。根据加压卷扬系统的特点,建立了加压卷扬系统动力学模型。
对整机中桅杆、鹅头、上车、液压卷筒轴和调节铰等进行了其在最不利工况下的有限元分析,校验了结构是否符合应力和位移的要求,研究了不同的边界条件对分析结果的影响,给出了一个比较合理的边界条件。对关键部件桅杆进行了模态分析以及谐波响应分析,分析得到了桅杆的固有频率以及持续动力特性,并且进一步进行了将车体包括进来的桅杆系统振动分析,得出了更加符合实际的结果。有限元静力分析的结果表明无钻杆旋挖钻孔机试验装置的结构的刚度和强度均满足要求,对桅杆系统的模态分析的结果表明桅杆系统的固有频率以及持续动力特性满足要求。
对桅杆变幅机构、车体回转机构、液压管卷筒机构等工作过程等作了虚拟样机仿真,通过虚拟样机仿真,分析得到了它们运动特性以及动力输入特性,验证了液压元件选型的正确性,并为下一步的液压控制提供了策略,验证了整机设计的可行性与可靠性。
In recent years, with the fast economic development of China, Chinese government has invested a lot of money in infrastructure construction projects. During this period, rotary drilling rig industry in China has also been developing rapidly. As a new member of rotary drilling rigs, rodless drilling rig with its unique structure and superior performance has drawn lots of attention. Its creative structure overcomes the traditional bottlenecks in rotary drilling rig and hence the depth of drilling is no longer restricted. Rodless drilling rig appears very recently, hence there are still some issues to be solved. Currently no rodless drilling rig experiment platform is available to foreign and domestic scholars, which means such a platform is needed badly.
This paper have finished the design work of the total‘s plans according to the design parameters: used the finite analysis method to analyze the structure; used kinematics and dynamics software to make simulation of the actuator according to the requirements of passable, accessibility and weighty.
According to the working mechanism of rodless drilling rig, the structure of rodless drilling experimental sample rig is designed. The operation process of the rodless drilling experimental sample rig is analyzed in detail. A general design of hydraulic pipe reel, which can be splited, is proposed, and its feasibility and reliability is verified. The stability of the experimental prototype is analyzed.
Finite element analysis is carried out on key components of the machine under different boundary conditions. The affects of these boundary conditions are analyzed, and hence a more reasonable boundary condition is presented. Modal analysis and harmonic response analysis are carried out on the mast of rodless drilling experimental sample. The different results of the modal analysis under different boundary conditions are compared, and the reasons for the differences are presented. Finally a more reasonable boundary condition is presented. The FEA’s results show that the experiment device’s stiffness and strength in all directions meet the requirements, and the mast systerm’s model results show that its natural frequency and dynamic characteristics meet the requirements.
Virtual prototype simulation is carried out on the operation processes of changing amplitude of the mast, body rotation, hydraulic pipe roll, and then their operating characteristics are obtained. The feasibility of machine design is verified through analysis.
本课题根据设定的设计参数、考虑无钻杆旋挖钻孔机试验装置在试验环境特殊的要求,完成了整机结构设计、对结构进行了有限元分析,对执行机构进行了虚拟样机仿真分析。
根据无钻杆旋挖钻孔机的工作机理提出了试验装置的结构设计方案,并完成了实验装置各个机构具体的结构设计。详细的分析了试验装置的工作方式,提出了一个能够拆分的液压管卷筒的设计方案,并完成了详细的结构设计,通过受力分析、有限元以及仿真分析,验证了它的可行性与可靠性。根据加压卷扬系统的特点,建立了加压卷扬系统动力学模型。
对整机中桅杆、鹅头、上车、液压卷筒轴和调节铰等进行了其在最不利工况下的有限元分析,校验了结构是否符合应力和位移的要求,研究了不同的边界条件对分析结果的影响,给出了一个比较合理的边界条件。对关键部件桅杆进行了模态分析以及谐波响应分析,分析得到了桅杆的固有频率以及持续动力特性,并且进一步进行了将车体包括进来的桅杆系统振动分析,得出了更加符合实际的结果。有限元静力分析的结果表明无钻杆旋挖钻孔机试验装置的结构的刚度和强度均满足要求,对桅杆系统的模态分析的结果表明桅杆系统的固有频率以及持续动力特性满足要求。
对桅杆变幅机构、车体回转机构、液压管卷筒机构等工作过程等作了虚拟样机仿真,通过虚拟样机仿真,分析得到了它们运动特性以及动力输入特性,验证了液压元件选型的正确性,并为下一步的液压控制提供了策略,验证了整机设计的可行性与可靠性。
In recent years, with the fast economic development of China, Chinese government has invested a lot of money in infrastructure construction projects. During this period, rotary drilling rig industry in China has also been developing rapidly. As a new member of rotary drilling rigs, rodless drilling rig with its unique structure and superior performance has drawn lots of attention. Its creative structure overcomes the traditional bottlenecks in rotary drilling rig and hence the depth of drilling is no longer restricted. Rodless drilling rig appears very recently, hence there are still some issues to be solved. Currently no rodless drilling rig experiment platform is available to foreign and domestic scholars, which means such a platform is needed badly.
This paper have finished the design work of the total‘s plans according to the design parameters: used the finite analysis method to analyze the structure; used kinematics and dynamics software to make simulation of the actuator according to the requirements of passable, accessibility and weighty.
According to the working mechanism of rodless drilling rig, the structure of rodless drilling experimental sample rig is designed. The operation process of the rodless drilling experimental sample rig is analyzed in detail. A general design of hydraulic pipe reel, which can be splited, is proposed, and its feasibility and reliability is verified. The stability of the experimental prototype is analyzed.
Finite element analysis is carried out on key components of the machine under different boundary conditions. The affects of these boundary conditions are analyzed, and hence a more reasonable boundary condition is presented. Modal analysis and harmonic response analysis are carried out on the mast of rodless drilling experimental sample. The different results of the modal analysis under different boundary conditions are compared, and the reasons for the differences are presented. Finally a more reasonable boundary condition is presented. The FEA’s results show that the experiment device’s stiffness and strength in all directions meet the requirements, and the mast systerm’s model results show that its natural frequency and dynamic characteristics meet the requirements.
Virtual prototype simulation is carried out on the operation processes of changing amplitude of the mast, body rotation, hydraulic pipe roll, and then their operating characteristics are obtained. The feasibility of machine design is verified through analysis.
引文
[1]沈超平等.浅谈旋挖钻机在高速公路施工中的应用[J].北京公路,2005(2):35-36.
[2]王书雄.旋挖钻机在基础工程中的运用[J].隧道建设,2006(2):23-25.
[3]杨广霖.浅谈旋挖钻机在高速公路施工中的应用[J].港口科技,2009(6):5-7.
[4] Trystan Glynn-Morris,Tom King. Ralph Winmill. Drilling history and evolution at Wairakei[J]. Geothermics,2009,38(1):30-39.
[5] Ormer, Hank Van, Rock Drilling Bits: Rotary Drilling Rig For Air Drilling. Journal of Explosives Engineering[J].1987,4(6):12~13.
[6] Petter Osmundsen, Anders Toft and Kjell Agnar Dragvik.Design of drilling contracts—Economic incentives and safety issues[J].Energy Policy.October 2006:2324~2329.
[7]刘龙.浅谈推土机工作装置操纵设计的注意事项[J].工程机械, 2005(10):15-18.
[8] ZHAO Weimin,WU Xuemei,HU Changsheng. The study and discuss about some of development problems of the multi-function rotating drill[J]. Journal ofConstructionMachinery,2004(7): 57-62.
[9] Haibo Chen, Torgeir Moan and Harry Verhoeven. Safety of dynamic positioning operations on mobile offshore drilling unit.Reliability[J]. Engineering & System Safety. May 2007:79~86.
[10] Hu Changsheng,ZhaoWeimin,ect.. The application of data fusion on multi-function earth drill.J.Harbin Institute of Technology,2003(1):78-81.
[11] D.N.Chapman,C.D.F.Rogers,etcc.. Milligan.Research needs for new construction using trenchless technologies[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2007(9):491~502.
[12]郭勇.高性能液压旋挖钻机的研制[J].工程机械,2004(7):32-35.
[13]张启君.国内外旋挖钻机发展现状与结构特点分析[J].建筑机械技术与管理.2006.6:59~62.
[14]张启君,张忠海.旋挖钻机的发展及应用[J].建筑机械化,2004(6):13~16.
[15] Yong Bai and Qiang Bai: Drilling Risers.Subsea[J].Pipelines and Risers.2005: 525~548.
[16] Z. Q. Yue. C. F. Lee, K. T. Law. Automatic monitoring of rotary-percussive drilling for ground characterization—illustrated by a case example in Hong Kong[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(4):573-612.
[17]王景祥.旋挖钻机及施工工法[C]. 2010中国工程机械工业协会桩工机械年会论文集,2010.
[18]郭传新,杨文军.旋挖钻机国内外发展状况及应用前景[J].建设机械技术与管理,2005(3):27~30.
[19]蒋训忠等.旋挖钻机在桩基工程中的应用[J].中小企业管理与科技,2009(9):45-48.
[20]王进全.我国钻机技术进步与“十一五”发展的思考[J].石油机械,2006(9):9-12.
[21]赵伟民,顾迪民.土的基本掘削形态及分析[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1998(1):95~100.
[22]赵伟民,顾迪民.螺旋钻具上的土的动力分析[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1998(3):90~93.
[23]赵伟民,周贤彪.关于振动掘削岩土的基础理论[J].建筑机械,2000,(6):56~60.
[24]胡长胜,赵伟民等.无钻杆钻具原理与关键技术[J].西南交通大学学报,2009(2):250～251.
[25]黄志明,姜国平.国内旋挖钻机市场调查与分析[J].建筑机械,2006(2):10~14.
[26] M.Hood, H.Alehossein. A development in rock cutting technology[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Minings Sciences. 2000,(37): 297~305.
[27] Jonhn Smith, G.Frenklin. A mobile small-gauge drill rig: an economic alternative tool for civil engineering companies[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science & Geomechanics Abstracts,1996(2):83-90.
[28]王平,赵永生.旋挖钻机选型及其在成孔施工中存在问题的探讨[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2001(4):18-20.
[29]管啸天,张润利.工程机械专利信息之旋挖钻机篇[J].工程机械文摘,2007(2):15-19.
[30]杨满江.如何能高效使用旋挖钻机[C]. 2007年中国桩工机械行业年会论文集,2007(10):36-38.
[31]赵伟民,胡长胜.国内外旋挖钻机发展分析[J].建筑机械,2005(5):63-66.
[32] Hu Changsheng, Zhao Weimin, Li Guixian. Analysis of the non-rod drill rig. ICACMVE2007. Tongji University, shanghai, China,2007.09:350~35.
[33] F. Al-Obaid. Automated analysis of topside platform hatch covers subject to drill collar impact[J]. Computers & Structures,1996(5):665~689.
[34] Hu Changsheng,Zhao weimin,ectc..Horizontality adjusting study of the earth drill’s platform. Int.J. of Plant Engineering and Management,2005(06):25-28.
[35] Hu Changsheng. Zhao Weimin. Ma Qiang. Motion Regular Analysis and Its Simulation of the Rodless Drilling Unit's Guiding & Positioning Board[J]. Journal of Donghua University,2009,(1):31-35.
[36] AN Peiwen,HUANGMaolin. Analysis and design of self-adjustable structures for the plane crank-rockermechanism[J]. Journal ofMechanicalEngineering , 2004 (5):11-16.
[37] Zhuoying Tan,Meifeng Cai,Z.Q. Yue. Instrumented borehole drilling for interface identification in intricate weathered granite ground engineering[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2007(6):195~199.
[38] Solidworks Corporation. An Introduction to Stress Analysis Applications with COSMOSWorks,Student Guide. http://wenku.baidu.com/view/20ef015c3b3567ec102d8aa3.html
[39] Solidworks Corporation. COSMOS 2007 Training Manuals:COSMOSWorks Designer[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2008:1-6.
[40] Solidworks Corporation. SolidWorks Simulation 2009 Training Manuals:Solidworks Simulation Professional [M]. BeiJing:China Machine Press,2009:16-22.
[41]小飒工作室.最新经典ANSYS及Workbench教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004:397.
[42] Solidworks Corporation. COSMOS 2007 Training Manuals:COSMOSMotion[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2008:1-6.
[2]王书雄.旋挖钻机在基础工程中的运用[J].隧道建设,2006(2):23-25.
[3]杨广霖.浅谈旋挖钻机在高速公路施工中的应用[J].港口科技,2009(6):5-7.
[4] Trystan Glynn-Morris,Tom King. Ralph Winmill. Drilling history and evolution at Wairakei[J]. Geothermics,2009,38(1):30-39.
[5] Ormer, Hank Van, Rock Drilling Bits: Rotary Drilling Rig For Air Drilling. Journal of Explosives Engineering[J].1987,4(6):12~13.
[6] Petter Osmundsen, Anders Toft and Kjell Agnar Dragvik.Design of drilling contracts—Economic incentives and safety issues[J].Energy Policy.October 2006:2324~2329.
[7]刘龙.浅谈推土机工作装置操纵设计的注意事项[J].工程机械, 2005(10):15-18.
[8] ZHAO Weimin,WU Xuemei,HU Changsheng. The study and discuss about some of development problems of the multi-function rotating drill[J]. Journal ofConstructionMachinery,2004(7): 57-62.
[9] Haibo Chen, Torgeir Moan and Harry Verhoeven. Safety of dynamic positioning operations on mobile offshore drilling unit.Reliability[J]. Engineering & System Safety. May 2007:79~86.
[10] Hu Changsheng,ZhaoWeimin,ect.. The application of data fusion on multi-function earth drill.J.Harbin Institute of Technology,2003(1):78-81.
[11] D.N.Chapman,C.D.F.Rogers,etcc.. Milligan.Research needs for new construction using trenchless technologies[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2007(9):491~502.
[12]郭勇.高性能液压旋挖钻机的研制[J].工程机械,2004(7):32-35.
[13]张启君.国内外旋挖钻机发展现状与结构特点分析[J].建筑机械技术与管理.2006.6:59~62.
[14]张启君,张忠海.旋挖钻机的发展及应用[J].建筑机械化,2004(6):13~16.
[15] Yong Bai and Qiang Bai: Drilling Risers.Subsea[J].Pipelines and Risers.2005: 525~548.
[16] Z. Q. Yue. C. F. Lee, K. T. Law. Automatic monitoring of rotary-percussive drilling for ground characterization—illustrated by a case example in Hong Kong[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(4):573-612.
[17]王景祥.旋挖钻机及施工工法[C]. 2010中国工程机械工业协会桩工机械年会论文集,2010.
[18]郭传新,杨文军.旋挖钻机国内外发展状况及应用前景[J].建设机械技术与管理,2005(3):27~30.
[19]蒋训忠等.旋挖钻机在桩基工程中的应用[J].中小企业管理与科技,2009(9):45-48.
[20]王进全.我国钻机技术进步与“十一五”发展的思考[J].石油机械,2006(9):9-12.
[21]赵伟民,顾迪民.土的基本掘削形态及分析[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1998(1):95~100.
[22]赵伟民,顾迪民.螺旋钻具上的土的动力分析[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1998(3):90~93.
[23]赵伟民,周贤彪.关于振动掘削岩土的基础理论[J].建筑机械,2000,(6):56~60.
[24]胡长胜,赵伟民等.无钻杆钻具原理与关键技术[J].西南交通大学学报,2009(2):250～251.
[25]黄志明,姜国平.国内旋挖钻机市场调查与分析[J].建筑机械,2006(2):10~14.
[26] M.Hood, H.Alehossein. A development in rock cutting technology[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Minings Sciences. 2000,(37): 297~305.
[27] Jonhn Smith, G.Frenklin. A mobile small-gauge drill rig: an economic alternative tool for civil engineering companies[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science & Geomechanics Abstracts,1996(2):83-90.
[28]王平,赵永生.旋挖钻机选型及其在成孔施工中存在问题的探讨[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2001(4):18-20.
[29]管啸天,张润利.工程机械专利信息之旋挖钻机篇[J].工程机械文摘,2007(2):15-19.
[30]杨满江.如何能高效使用旋挖钻机[C]. 2007年中国桩工机械行业年会论文集,2007(10):36-38.
[31]赵伟民,胡长胜.国内外旋挖钻机发展分析[J].建筑机械,2005(5):63-66.
[32] Hu Changsheng, Zhao Weimin, Li Guixian. Analysis of the non-rod drill rig. ICACMVE2007. Tongji University, shanghai, China,2007.09:350~35.
[33] F. Al-Obaid. Automated analysis of topside platform hatch covers subject to drill collar impact[J]. Computers & Structures,1996(5):665~689.
[34] Hu Changsheng,Zhao weimin,ectc..Horizontality adjusting study of the earth drill’s platform. Int.J. of Plant Engineering and Management,2005(06):25-28.
[35] Hu Changsheng. Zhao Weimin. Ma Qiang. Motion Regular Analysis and Its Simulation of the Rodless Drilling Unit's Guiding & Positioning Board[J]. Journal of Donghua University,2009,(1):31-35.
[36] AN Peiwen,HUANGMaolin. Analysis and design of self-adjustable structures for the plane crank-rockermechanism[J]. Journal ofMechanicalEngineering , 2004 (5):11-16.
[37] Zhuoying Tan,Meifeng Cai,Z.Q. Yue. Instrumented borehole drilling for interface identification in intricate weathered granite ground engineering[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2007(6):195~199.
[38] Solidworks Corporation. An Introduction to Stress Analysis Applications with COSMOSWorks,Student Guide. http://wenku.baidu.com/view/20ef015c3b3567ec102d8aa3.html
[39] Solidworks Corporation. COSMOS 2007 Training Manuals:COSMOSWorks Designer[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2008:1-6.
[40] Solidworks Corporation. SolidWorks Simulation 2009 Training Manuals:Solidworks Simulation Professional [M]. BeiJing:China Machine Press,2009:16-22.
[41]小飒工作室.最新经典ANSYS及Workbench教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004:397.
[42] Solidworks Corporation. COSMOS 2007 Training Manuals:COSMOSMotion[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2008:1-6.
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