μC/OS-Ⅱ在ARM7上的移植及其功能扩展
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摘要
嵌入式操作系统能够屏蔽不同嵌入式系统之间的硬件差异,为上层应用软件提供统一接口,提高嵌入式软件的开发效率。由于嵌入式系统的硬件资源有限,传统的操作系统无法在其上运行,同时嵌入式系统一般对实时性有严格的要求,这就要求嵌入式操作系统必须具有体积小、占用资源少、结构灵活和实时性能好等特点。
μC/OS-Ⅱ是一款具有上述特点的实时操作系统内核,但是它仅提供了任务调度、任务通信、任务同步、内存管理、中断管理等基本功能,不能满足嵌入式应用中对人机交互性、文件组织管理、接入Internet等需求。
本课题针对上面所提出的问题展开研究。首先将μC/OS-Ⅱ移植到基于ARM7内核的S3C44BOX处理器上,以简化嵌入式软件的开发流程,并且根据S3C44BOX中断控制和μC/OS-Ⅱ中断管理的特点设计中断系统,以更好地满足系统实时性要求。为了改善嵌入式设备的人机交互性,为系统添加了SHARP LM7M632 LCD输出设备和触摸屏输入设备,并且扩展了图形用户界面μC/GUI,为图形界面的开发提供了应用接口。为了实现对嵌入式设备的远程控制,以RTL8019as网络控制芯片和LwIP嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈为基础实现了嵌入式设备的Internet接入,这是一种成本低、可靠性高、适用性强的解决方案,能够很好地满足实际应用的需求。为了简化文件操作和方便文件组织管理,在NOR Flash存储器上扩展了嵌入式文件系统μC/FS。
在嵌入式软件开发过程中使用μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统内核,不仅可以简化嵌入式软件的开发流程,提高软件的通用性,而且可以提高系统的实时性。在μC/OS-Ⅱ上进行功能扩展后,使μC/OS-Ⅱ更接近实际应用的需求,在产品的开发过程中可以缩短开发时间,提高开发效率,降低开发成本。
在测试过程中根据系统的各个部分设计了具体的测试方案,并且进行了相关的验证测试,测试结果验证了设计的正确性。
Embedded operating systems can shield the differences of various embedded system hardwares,provide a unifield interface for the upper application software and improve the efficiency of the embedded software development.Because embedded systems have limited hardware resources,the traditional operating systems cannot run on them and meanwhile embedded systems have strict real-time demand,so embedded operating systems must have such characteristics as smaller volume,less resources,flexible structure and better real-time performance.
μC/OS-Ⅱis a real-time operating system kernel with above characteristics, but it only offers basic functions of task scheduling,task communication,task synchronization,memory management and interrupt management and is unable to meet the demands of man-machine interaction,file management and accessing Internet in the embedded applications.
Above-mentioned problems are researched in this subject.Firstly,μC/OS-Ⅱis ported to S3C44B0X based on ARM7 kernel to simplify the development process of embedded software and interrupt system is designed to better meet the real-time demand according to the characteristics of S3C44B0X interrupt control andμC/OS-Ⅱinterrupt management.SHARP LM7M632 LCD is added to the system as an output device,and touch screen added as an input device;μC/GUI is extended at the same time,which offers the interfaces for GUI application development.All these are aimed at improving the man-machine interaction of embedded devices.In order to implement the remote control of the embedded devices,the embedded devices connecting to the Internet that is based on RTLS019as chip and LwIP protocol must be put into practice,which is of low cost,high reliability and strong applicability and can well satisfy the actual applied demand.Embedded file systemμC/FS is extended on NOR Flash for the purpose of simplifying file operation and conveniencing the file organization and management.
The use ofμC/OS-Ⅱkernel in the process of embedded software development not only simplifies the development flow of embedded software and improves the generality of embedded software,but also improves the real-time performance of the embedded system.The function extending on theμC/OS-Ⅱmakes it much closer to practical application demand and can shorten the development time,improve the development efficiency,reduce the development cost in the process of product development.
The specific test sc,hemes are designed according to the different parts of the system in the testing process and then the related validation tests are conducted,the results of which verify the correctness of the design.
μC/OS-Ⅱ是一款具有上述特点的实时操作系统内核,但是它仅提供了任务调度、任务通信、任务同步、内存管理、中断管理等基本功能,不能满足嵌入式应用中对人机交互性、文件组织管理、接入Internet等需求。
本课题针对上面所提出的问题展开研究。首先将μC/OS-Ⅱ移植到基于ARM7内核的S3C44BOX处理器上,以简化嵌入式软件的开发流程,并且根据S3C44BOX中断控制和μC/OS-Ⅱ中断管理的特点设计中断系统,以更好地满足系统实时性要求。为了改善嵌入式设备的人机交互性,为系统添加了SHARP LM7M632 LCD输出设备和触摸屏输入设备,并且扩展了图形用户界面μC/GUI,为图形界面的开发提供了应用接口。为了实现对嵌入式设备的远程控制,以RTL8019as网络控制芯片和LwIP嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈为基础实现了嵌入式设备的Internet接入,这是一种成本低、可靠性高、适用性强的解决方案,能够很好地满足实际应用的需求。为了简化文件操作和方便文件组织管理,在NOR Flash存储器上扩展了嵌入式文件系统μC/FS。
在嵌入式软件开发过程中使用μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统内核,不仅可以简化嵌入式软件的开发流程,提高软件的通用性,而且可以提高系统的实时性。在μC/OS-Ⅱ上进行功能扩展后,使μC/OS-Ⅱ更接近实际应用的需求,在产品的开发过程中可以缩短开发时间,提高开发效率,降低开发成本。
在测试过程中根据系统的各个部分设计了具体的测试方案,并且进行了相关的验证测试,测试结果验证了设计的正确性。
Embedded operating systems can shield the differences of various embedded system hardwares,provide a unifield interface for the upper application software and improve the efficiency of the embedded software development.Because embedded systems have limited hardware resources,the traditional operating systems cannot run on them and meanwhile embedded systems have strict real-time demand,so embedded operating systems must have such characteristics as smaller volume,less resources,flexible structure and better real-time performance.
μC/OS-Ⅱis a real-time operating system kernel with above characteristics, but it only offers basic functions of task scheduling,task communication,task synchronization,memory management and interrupt management and is unable to meet the demands of man-machine interaction,file management and accessing Internet in the embedded applications.
Above-mentioned problems are researched in this subject.Firstly,μC/OS-Ⅱis ported to S3C44B0X based on ARM7 kernel to simplify the development process of embedded software and interrupt system is designed to better meet the real-time demand according to the characteristics of S3C44B0X interrupt control andμC/OS-Ⅱinterrupt management.SHARP LM7M632 LCD is added to the system as an output device,and touch screen added as an input device;μC/GUI is extended at the same time,which offers the interfaces for GUI application development.All these are aimed at improving the man-machine interaction of embedded devices.In order to implement the remote control of the embedded devices,the embedded devices connecting to the Internet that is based on RTLS019as chip and LwIP protocol must be put into practice,which is of low cost,high reliability and strong applicability and can well satisfy the actual applied demand.Embedded file systemμC/FS is extended on NOR Flash for the purpose of simplifying file operation and conveniencing the file organization and management.
The use ofμC/OS-Ⅱkernel in the process of embedded software development not only simplifies the development flow of embedded software and improves the generality of embedded software,but also improves the real-time performance of the embedded system.The function extending on theμC/OS-Ⅱmakes it much closer to practical application demand and can shorten the development time,improve the development efficiency,reduce the development cost in the process of product development.
The specific test sc,hemes are designed according to the different parts of the system in the testing process and then the related validation tests are conducted,the results of which verify the correctness of the design.
引文
[1]张萍.μC/OS-Ⅱ在ARM的移植与系统扩展[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2004
[2]朱显新,黄涛,卢珞先.μC/OS-Ⅱ利μClinux的比较[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,(10):5-7
[3]唐其伟.基于ARM与μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式系统研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2005
[4]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,10-14
[5]S3C44B0X RISC microprocessor datasheet.Samsung Electronics,2004
[6](美)Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第2版)[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,7-317
[7]μC/OS-Ⅱ and ARM Processor Application Note.Micrium Technologies Corporation,2004
[8]朱华均.μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统在ARM处理器上的移植[J].计算机工程,2004,30(12):64-65
[9]牛长锋,张凯.基于ARM的嵌入式Linux系统异常和中断的实现及优化[J].计算机应用,2003,23(12):246-247
[10]贺建亮.基于ARM的μC/OS-Ⅱ中断机制改进[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2007,(9):65-67
[11]黄燕平.μC/OS-Ⅱ ARM移植要点详解[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,9-103
[12]LM7M632 DATA SHEET.Sharp Corporation,1998
[13]葛欣,孟凡荣.使用μC/GUI开发图形用户界面[J].计算机工程与设计,2005,26(1):253-255
[14]User's & reference manual for μC/GUI.Micrium Technologies Corporation,2002-2006
[15]胥静.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,174-180
[16]Touch screen controller ADS7843 datasheet.Texas Instruments Incorporated,2001
[17]王勇,姚亦峰,蒋兴浩等.嵌入式系统接入Internet的技术研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,(1):29-30
[18]ZLG/IP嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈简要说明.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司,2006
[19]RTL8019AS datasheet.Realtek semiconductor CO.,LTD.,2005
[20]张新菊,刘羽,张文革等.基于S3C44B0X的以太网驱动程序设计与实现[J].陕西理工学院学报,2006,22(1):58-62
[21](美)Forouzan.B.A.著,谢希仁等译.TCP/IP协议族(第3版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006,38-39
[22]李鸿强,苗长云.LwIP移植到μC/OS-Ⅱ中的实现[J].天津工业大学学报,2006,25(4):38-40
[23]Design and Implementation of the lwIP TCP/IP Stack.Swedish Institute of Computer Science,2001
[24]LwIP在μC/OS-Ⅱ上的移植.上海勤研电子,2005
[25]樊滨温,夏先林.LwIP协议在STLite/OS20操作系统中的移植[J].计算机应用,2006,26(12):310-311
[26]Connecting ethernet interface with LPC2000 Application note.NXP Semiconductors,2007
[27]任泰明.TCP/IP协议与网络编程[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004,82-86
[28]王涛,王太勇,赵丽等.基于NOR闪存的嵌入式数控系统文件系统设计[J].计算机应用研究,2007,24(10):254-256
[29]SST39VF160 datasheet.Silicon Storage Technology,Inc.,1998
[30]胡永庆,陈萍,梁学东.公共闪存接口CFI在Flash Memory程序设计中的应用[J].电子技术应用,2007,(7):66-68
[31]User's & reference manual for μC/FS Embedded File System.Micrium Technologies Corporation,2001-2005
[2]朱显新,黄涛,卢珞先.μC/OS-Ⅱ利μClinux的比较[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,(10):5-7
[3]唐其伟.基于ARM与μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式系统研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2005
[4]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,10-14
[5]S3C44B0X RISC microprocessor datasheet.Samsung Electronics,2004
[6](美)Jean J.Labrosse著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第2版)[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,7-317
[7]μC/OS-Ⅱ and ARM Processor Application Note.Micrium Technologies Corporation,2004
[8]朱华均.μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统在ARM处理器上的移植[J].计算机工程,2004,30(12):64-65
[9]牛长锋,张凯.基于ARM的嵌入式Linux系统异常和中断的实现及优化[J].计算机应用,2003,23(12):246-247
[10]贺建亮.基于ARM的μC/OS-Ⅱ中断机制改进[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2007,(9):65-67
[11]黄燕平.μC/OS-Ⅱ ARM移植要点详解[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,9-103
[12]LM7M632 DATA SHEET.Sharp Corporation,1998
[13]葛欣,孟凡荣.使用μC/GUI开发图形用户界面[J].计算机工程与设计,2005,26(1):253-255
[14]User's & reference manual for μC/GUI.Micrium Technologies Corporation,2002-2006
[15]胥静.嵌入式系统设计与开发实例详解[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,174-180
[16]Touch screen controller ADS7843 datasheet.Texas Instruments Incorporated,2001
[17]王勇,姚亦峰,蒋兴浩等.嵌入式系统接入Internet的技术研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,(1):29-30
[18]ZLG/IP嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈简要说明.广州周立功单片机发展有限公司,2006
[19]RTL8019AS datasheet.Realtek semiconductor CO.,LTD.,2005
[20]张新菊,刘羽,张文革等.基于S3C44B0X的以太网驱动程序设计与实现[J].陕西理工学院学报,2006,22(1):58-62
[21](美)Forouzan.B.A.著,谢希仁等译.TCP/IP协议族(第3版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006,38-39
[22]李鸿强,苗长云.LwIP移植到μC/OS-Ⅱ中的实现[J].天津工业大学学报,2006,25(4):38-40
[23]Design and Implementation of the lwIP TCP/IP Stack.Swedish Institute of Computer Science,2001
[24]LwIP在μC/OS-Ⅱ上的移植.上海勤研电子,2005
[25]樊滨温,夏先林.LwIP协议在STLite/OS20操作系统中的移植[J].计算机应用,2006,26(12):310-311
[26]Connecting ethernet interface with LPC2000 Application note.NXP Semiconductors,2007
[27]任泰明.TCP/IP协议与网络编程[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004,82-86
[28]王涛,王太勇,赵丽等.基于NOR闪存的嵌入式数控系统文件系统设计[J].计算机应用研究,2007,24(10):254-256
[29]SST39VF160 datasheet.Silicon Storage Technology,Inc.,1998
[30]胡永庆,陈萍,梁学东.公共闪存接口CFI在Flash Memory程序设计中的应用[J].电子技术应用,2007,(7):66-68
[31]User's & reference manual for μC/FS Embedded File System.Micrium Technologies Corporation,2001-2005