生物质能—太阳能联合制冷的适配性研究
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摘要
本研究项目是河南省教育厅自然科学研究指导计划项目(编号:2009B480001)
全球能源供应紧张,2006年底世界石油、煤炭的储采比分别为41.0、147.0。中国基本能源消费居世界第二位,煤多油(气)少,石油供应对外依存度较高,能源安全问题日益严重。温室效应将会最为严重的环球生态灾难,节能减排成为应对气候变化的重要技术措施。对可再生能源、清洁能源和新型能源的开发是世界今后能源利用的总趋势,再生能源、清洁能源、新能源综合利用技术研究是今后能源科学基础研究和工程应用主要任务。
主要研究工作:
(1)分析研究了小型溴化锂吸收制冷机的效率问题,并从热工计算和实际设计两个方面提出了改进意见,并把优化设计思路在加工制冷机的过程实现。对小型制冷机组进行初步实测,效率为0.6,性能满足实验需要
(2)对太阳能集热器进行选择计算,并对集热器工作效率进行动态和静态了测试,效率接近60%,满足试验要求。
(3)在总结数理建模和仿真技术的基础上,对原有复杂系统构成的溴化锂联合吸收制冷系统简化为三个子系统,在不影响目标函数分析的条件下,舍去建筑空调系统,重点研究制冷系统和热源系统匹配关系,大大简化系统分析复杂程度。
(4)针对系统动态过程特性,建立了锅炉系统、制冷系统、集热器简化的基于MATLAB-Simulink动态系统仿真平台的模型,对锅炉模型进行优化修正,提高了仿真计算效率。建立联合工况系统的耦合关联动态仿真系统模型,减少试验工作量。
(5)建立适用对制冷系统经济技术分析的数学模型,进行初步分析。
主要结论
(1)通过对双热源不同连接方式的分析和仿真测试,发现入口温度的变化对太阳能集热器和吸收制冷机效率影响明显。入口温度高升高,太阳能集热器和制冷机组效率降低。串联方式运行的双热源系统,制冷机组出水首先连接太阳能集热器,再连接生物质锅炉是最优方案。
(2)并联工况的分流比例K值增加,有利于提高锅炉效率。分流比例K值减小,有利于提高集热器效率。分析认为K值保持在0.5-0.6比较合适。
(3)串联模式运行下的锅炉的换热效率较高,并联模式下太阳能集热器具有较高的效率。
(4)系统循环水流量增加,各部分传热强化,有利于提高制冷系统效率。
(5)对制冷机、热源、空调用户组成的整体系统存在最大热经济性数值及相应的制冷系数。制冷机必须牺牲一部分制冷系数,才能取得一定的热经济性。
Abstract: this paper supported by natural science research program guide of education department of Henan province 2009 (NO.2009B480001).
Energy supply can not meet the requirements of Human. Oil and coal ratio of exploitation and reserve is 41/147 in 2006. China's energy consumption ranks second in the world. Large amount of oil imports and less oil and more coal is the objective reality. Energy conservation is that people need ways to deal with the greenhouse effect. Renewable energy, clean energy and new energy is the main source of energy used by people in the future. We need a lot of scientific research in new energy technologies.
Main researches of the paper are as following:
(1)Research Projects optimal Design of Absorption refrigerator LiBr from the thermodynamic calculation and the actual design. Performance to meet the experimental needs (η=0.6).
(2)We calculate solar collectors and test the efficiency of solar collectors. Performance to meet the experimental needs (η=0.6).
(3)We simplify the complex absorption refrigeration system of LiBr. Pilot project focus on the refrigeration system and the matching relation between the heat sources systems based on the simulation technology.
(4)Research Projects Establishment of the boiler system, cooling system, solar collector model on the simulation technology and optimize the boiler model to improve the simulation efficiency.
(5)Paper established a mathematical model of economic and technical analysis for the refrigeration system.
Main researches Conclusions of the paper are as following:
(1) Efficiency is very obvious change with changing the inlet temperature of the solar collector and refrigerator. Solar collectors and refrigeration units and reducing efficiency when Inlet temperature high-rise. Refrigeration unit exports first connect the solar collectors and biomass boilers connected is the optimal solution under the condition in series dual heat source system.
(2) Index K increases will help improve boiler improve efficiency; index K decreases will help improve the efficiency of the collector. Index K is more appropriate to maintain 0.5-0.6 under parallel state.
(3) Boiler with high efficiency under Series state. Solar collectors with high efficiency under parallel state.
(4)Circulating water flow rate increases will help improve the efficiency of refrigeration system.
(5)System has the maximum value of thermal economy and refrigeration coefficient. Experiment proved only the loss of Reduce the number of refrigeration coefficient in exchange for High economic.
全球能源供应紧张,2006年底世界石油、煤炭的储采比分别为41.0、147.0。中国基本能源消费居世界第二位,煤多油(气)少,石油供应对外依存度较高,能源安全问题日益严重。温室效应将会最为严重的环球生态灾难,节能减排成为应对气候变化的重要技术措施。对可再生能源、清洁能源和新型能源的开发是世界今后能源利用的总趋势,再生能源、清洁能源、新能源综合利用技术研究是今后能源科学基础研究和工程应用主要任务。
主要研究工作:
(1)分析研究了小型溴化锂吸收制冷机的效率问题,并从热工计算和实际设计两个方面提出了改进意见,并把优化设计思路在加工制冷机的过程实现。对小型制冷机组进行初步实测,效率为0.6,性能满足实验需要
(2)对太阳能集热器进行选择计算,并对集热器工作效率进行动态和静态了测试,效率接近60%,满足试验要求。
(3)在总结数理建模和仿真技术的基础上,对原有复杂系统构成的溴化锂联合吸收制冷系统简化为三个子系统,在不影响目标函数分析的条件下,舍去建筑空调系统,重点研究制冷系统和热源系统匹配关系,大大简化系统分析复杂程度。
(4)针对系统动态过程特性,建立了锅炉系统、制冷系统、集热器简化的基于MATLAB-Simulink动态系统仿真平台的模型,对锅炉模型进行优化修正,提高了仿真计算效率。建立联合工况系统的耦合关联动态仿真系统模型,减少试验工作量。
(5)建立适用对制冷系统经济技术分析的数学模型,进行初步分析。
主要结论
(1)通过对双热源不同连接方式的分析和仿真测试,发现入口温度的变化对太阳能集热器和吸收制冷机效率影响明显。入口温度高升高,太阳能集热器和制冷机组效率降低。串联方式运行的双热源系统,制冷机组出水首先连接太阳能集热器,再连接生物质锅炉是最优方案。
(2)并联工况的分流比例K值增加,有利于提高锅炉效率。分流比例K值减小,有利于提高集热器效率。分析认为K值保持在0.5-0.6比较合适。
(3)串联模式运行下的锅炉的换热效率较高,并联模式下太阳能集热器具有较高的效率。
(4)系统循环水流量增加,各部分传热强化,有利于提高制冷系统效率。
(5)对制冷机、热源、空调用户组成的整体系统存在最大热经济性数值及相应的制冷系数。制冷机必须牺牲一部分制冷系数,才能取得一定的热经济性。
Abstract: this paper supported by natural science research program guide of education department of Henan province 2009 (NO.2009B480001).
Energy supply can not meet the requirements of Human. Oil and coal ratio of exploitation and reserve is 41/147 in 2006. China's energy consumption ranks second in the world. Large amount of oil imports and less oil and more coal is the objective reality. Energy conservation is that people need ways to deal with the greenhouse effect. Renewable energy, clean energy and new energy is the main source of energy used by people in the future. We need a lot of scientific research in new energy technologies.
Main researches of the paper are as following:
(1)Research Projects optimal Design of Absorption refrigerator LiBr from the thermodynamic calculation and the actual design. Performance to meet the experimental needs (η=0.6).
(2)We calculate solar collectors and test the efficiency of solar collectors. Performance to meet the experimental needs (η=0.6).
(3)We simplify the complex absorption refrigeration system of LiBr. Pilot project focus on the refrigeration system and the matching relation between the heat sources systems based on the simulation technology.
(4)Research Projects Establishment of the boiler system, cooling system, solar collector model on the simulation technology and optimize the boiler model to improve the simulation efficiency.
(5)Paper established a mathematical model of economic and technical analysis for the refrigeration system.
Main researches Conclusions of the paper are as following:
(1) Efficiency is very obvious change with changing the inlet temperature of the solar collector and refrigerator. Solar collectors and refrigeration units and reducing efficiency when Inlet temperature high-rise. Refrigeration unit exports first connect the solar collectors and biomass boilers connected is the optimal solution under the condition in series dual heat source system.
(2) Index K increases will help improve boiler improve efficiency; index K decreases will help improve the efficiency of the collector. Index K is more appropriate to maintain 0.5-0.6 under parallel state.
(3) Boiler with high efficiency under Series state. Solar collectors with high efficiency under parallel state.
(4)Circulating water flow rate increases will help improve the efficiency of refrigeration system.
(5)System has the maximum value of thermal economy and refrigeration coefficient. Experiment proved only the loss of Reduce the number of refrigeration coefficient in exchange for High economic.
引文
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