北祁连西段桦树沟铁铜成矿组合的成因与演化
|
摘要
北祁连西段桦树沟铁铜矿是西北地区一个非常重要的矿床,其复杂的形成过程深刻地反映了区域的地质演化历史。本文在作者生产实践获得的地质资料的基础上,对此进行了深入研究,取得如下主要成果:
1.对北祁连西段早古生代前构造演化历史提出了新的认识。①认为敦煌岩群既有元古界,也有太古界,获得3488Ma的年龄值;②经对小风沟超基性岩的研究,提出蓟县纪可能有洋盆存在;③新建由海沟浊积岩、蛇绿岩套和放射虫硅质岩组成的奥陶系碱泉子沟俯冲杂岩构造单元;④认为北祁连西段志留纪系为一套完整的Ⅰ型层序,其Ⅰ型层序界面对应残留盆地形成时盆地边界条件的突变,旱峡组地层反映的海退,对应盆地消亡;⑤黑下佬二长花岗岩形成于加里东造山运动同碰撞期,并获得345.5(±37)Ma的年龄值。
2.对桦树沟铁铜矿床进行了深入研究。①认为千枚岩、碧玉岩型两类矿石经历了不同程度的后期改造作用影响,在地球化学特征上不具明显的可分性;②主元素的聚类分析表明,铁铜矿床的形成与沉积作用关系密切;③围岩、铁矿石、铜矿石及石英闪长岩稀土元素特征既有独特性又有继承性,反映了不同程度的岩浆热液叠加改造;④矿床部分特征可与典型的SEDEX型矿床对比;⑤F10断裂为同生断层,并在岩浆热液叠加改造阶段复活,在桦树沟铁铜矿床的形成过程中起到了重要作用;⑥矿床的形成是多源多期多成因的。
3.将桦树沟铁铜矿床的形成与北祁连西段板块构造演化过程相联系,提出矿床的形成有三个阶段。①朱龙关群沉积期为矿床的形成开始了物质储备;②镜铁山群沉积期,SEDEX型成矿作用形成桦树沟铁铜矿层;③加里东晚期,俯冲板块边界环境的岩浆热液对矿床进行了改造,使其中的铜元素进一步富集,最终形成桦树沟铁铜矿床。
4.以成矿系统理论为指导对北祁连西段桦树沟铁铜成矿组合的成矿环境、基本要素、成矿过程及其作用产物进行了总结,建立了矿床成因模式。
5.针对区域成矿特征进行了成矿预测,划分出七个Ⅴ级成矿预测区,可作为今后区内地质找矿实践的参考。
The Huashugou Fe-Cu deposit in the western sector of the Northern Qilianshanis an important type in Northwest China, its complicated formation process reflectsthe regional geological evolution history. The author made a detail study on this in thedissertation. The main achievements are as follows:
1. The plate tectonic evolution of the west sector of the Northern Qilianshan hasbeen restructured. ①The Donghuang Group is composed of both Proterozoic andAchean, an age of 3488Ma is gotten. ②There might exist oceanic crust duringJixianian period based on the study of Xiaofengou ultrabasic rocks. ③ A newtectonic unit, Jianquanzigou Ordovician subduction complex, was founded, whichconsists of trench turbidites, ophiolites and radiolarian silicalites. ④ The Silurian is aset of Ⅰt ype sequence that include a lowerstand systems tract, a transgressivesystems tract and a highstand systems tract. ⑤ The Heixialao adamellite have beenconfirmed as a Caledonian syn-collisional ploton with an age of 345.5(±37)Ma. .
2. The author made a thorough studied on the Huashugou Fe-Cu deposit. ①Two type of ores(phyllite-type and jasperite-type) have been reworked to differentdegrees by later reformation so that they can not be distinguished by geochemicalcharacteristics. ② The cluster analysis of the main elements of the deposit showsthat the formation of the Fe-Cu deposit is closely related to sedimentation. ③ TheREE features of the wall rocks, iron ores, copper ores, and quartz diorite are related toone another , showing that they are reformed by magmatic hydrothermal process todifferent extent. ④ Some characteristics of the deposit can be compared to otherSEDEX type deposits. ⑤The F10 is a contemporaneous fault, which reacted duringthe magmatic hydrothermal reformation stage, played an important role in theformation of the Huashugou Fe-Cu deposit. ⑥ The deposit is formed throughmulti-stage, with multi-resource, and by multi-origin.
3. The formation of the Huashugou Fe-Cu deposit has been related to the platetectonic evolution of the western sector of the Northern Qilianshan and the formationof the deposit can be divided into three stages: ① during the sedimentation of theZhulongguan Group in a rift, submarine volcanoes have reserved ore substances forthe formation of the deposit;② during the sedimentation of the Jingtieshan Group,sedimentary exhalation formed the primal deposit;③ during late Caledonian, themagmatic hydrothermal in a subduction setting reformed the Huashugou Fe-Cudeposit, making Cu enrich more, and forming the deposit.
4. The author has summarized the basic elements, processes, and products of themetallogenic system of the Huashugou Fe-Cu association in the western sector of theNorthern Qilianshan,and constructed a model for the origin of the Huashugou Fe-Cudeposit.
5. The author has carried out metallogenic prediction according to the regionalmetallogenic features, marking off six prediction districts, that is of significance forfuture geological prospecting.
1.对北祁连西段早古生代前构造演化历史提出了新的认识。①认为敦煌岩群既有元古界,也有太古界,获得3488Ma的年龄值;②经对小风沟超基性岩的研究,提出蓟县纪可能有洋盆存在;③新建由海沟浊积岩、蛇绿岩套和放射虫硅质岩组成的奥陶系碱泉子沟俯冲杂岩构造单元;④认为北祁连西段志留纪系为一套完整的Ⅰ型层序,其Ⅰ型层序界面对应残留盆地形成时盆地边界条件的突变,旱峡组地层反映的海退,对应盆地消亡;⑤黑下佬二长花岗岩形成于加里东造山运动同碰撞期,并获得345.5(±37)Ma的年龄值。
2.对桦树沟铁铜矿床进行了深入研究。①认为千枚岩、碧玉岩型两类矿石经历了不同程度的后期改造作用影响,在地球化学特征上不具明显的可分性;②主元素的聚类分析表明,铁铜矿床的形成与沉积作用关系密切;③围岩、铁矿石、铜矿石及石英闪长岩稀土元素特征既有独特性又有继承性,反映了不同程度的岩浆热液叠加改造;④矿床部分特征可与典型的SEDEX型矿床对比;⑤F10断裂为同生断层,并在岩浆热液叠加改造阶段复活,在桦树沟铁铜矿床的形成过程中起到了重要作用;⑥矿床的形成是多源多期多成因的。
3.将桦树沟铁铜矿床的形成与北祁连西段板块构造演化过程相联系,提出矿床的形成有三个阶段。①朱龙关群沉积期为矿床的形成开始了物质储备;②镜铁山群沉积期,SEDEX型成矿作用形成桦树沟铁铜矿层;③加里东晚期,俯冲板块边界环境的岩浆热液对矿床进行了改造,使其中的铜元素进一步富集,最终形成桦树沟铁铜矿床。
4.以成矿系统理论为指导对北祁连西段桦树沟铁铜成矿组合的成矿环境、基本要素、成矿过程及其作用产物进行了总结,建立了矿床成因模式。
5.针对区域成矿特征进行了成矿预测,划分出七个Ⅴ级成矿预测区,可作为今后区内地质找矿实践的参考。
The Huashugou Fe-Cu deposit in the western sector of the Northern Qilianshanis an important type in Northwest China, its complicated formation process reflectsthe regional geological evolution history. The author made a detail study on this in thedissertation. The main achievements are as follows:
1. The plate tectonic evolution of the west sector of the Northern Qilianshan hasbeen restructured. ①The Donghuang Group is composed of both Proterozoic andAchean, an age of 3488Ma is gotten. ②There might exist oceanic crust duringJixianian period based on the study of Xiaofengou ultrabasic rocks. ③ A newtectonic unit, Jianquanzigou Ordovician subduction complex, was founded, whichconsists of trench turbidites, ophiolites and radiolarian silicalites. ④ The Silurian is aset of Ⅰt ype sequence that include a lowerstand systems tract, a transgressivesystems tract and a highstand systems tract. ⑤ The Heixialao adamellite have beenconfirmed as a Caledonian syn-collisional ploton with an age of 345.5(±37)Ma. .
2. The author made a thorough studied on the Huashugou Fe-Cu deposit. ①Two type of ores(phyllite-type and jasperite-type) have been reworked to differentdegrees by later reformation so that they can not be distinguished by geochemicalcharacteristics. ② The cluster analysis of the main elements of the deposit showsthat the formation of the Fe-Cu deposit is closely related to sedimentation. ③ TheREE features of the wall rocks, iron ores, copper ores, and quartz diorite are related toone another , showing that they are reformed by magmatic hydrothermal process todifferent extent. ④ Some characteristics of the deposit can be compared to otherSEDEX type deposits. ⑤The F10 is a contemporaneous fault, which reacted duringthe magmatic hydrothermal reformation stage, played an important role in theformation of the Huashugou Fe-Cu deposit. ⑥ The deposit is formed throughmulti-stage, with multi-resource, and by multi-origin.
3. The formation of the Huashugou Fe-Cu deposit has been related to the platetectonic evolution of the western sector of the Northern Qilianshan and the formationof the deposit can be divided into three stages: ① during the sedimentation of theZhulongguan Group in a rift, submarine volcanoes have reserved ore substances forthe formation of the deposit;② during the sedimentation of the Jingtieshan Group,sedimentary exhalation formed the primal deposit;③ during late Caledonian, themagmatic hydrothermal in a subduction setting reformed the Huashugou Fe-Cudeposit, making Cu enrich more, and forming the deposit.
4. The author has summarized the basic elements, processes, and products of themetallogenic system of the Huashugou Fe-Cu association in the western sector of theNorthern Qilianshan,and constructed a model for the origin of the Huashugou Fe-Cudeposit.
5. The author has carried out metallogenic prediction according to the regionalmetallogenic features, marking off six prediction districts, that is of significance forfuture geological prospecting.
引文
[1] A.H.G.Mitchell,M.S.Garson.Mineral deposit and global tecotonics settings,1981
[2] John B.Sangree Peter R.Vail.应用层序地层学.石油地质出版社,1991
[3] D.Keith,A.Whitney,K.Hattori,et al.The role of magmatic sulfides and mafic alkaline magmas in the Bingham and Tintic Mining Districts.Utah.Journal of petrology,1997,38(12):1679～1690.
[4] Bachelor R A,Bowden P.Petrogenetic interpretation of granitoid rock series using multication parameters.Chemical Geology,1985,48:43～45
[5] Barbarin B.Granitoids:main petrogenic classifications in relation to origin and tectonic setting.Geological Journal,1990,25:227～238
[6] Bone Y.The geological setting of tourmalinites at Rum ungle.N.T.Australia-genetic and economic implications.Mineralium Deposit,1988,23:34～41
[7] Burrows.D.R,Wood.P.C,Spooner.E.T.C.Carbon isotope evidence for a magmatic origin for Archean gold-quartz vein ore deposits.Nature,1986,321:851～854
[8] C.K.威尔格斯等.层序地层学原理.石油地质出版社,1993
[9] Condie.K.C.Archean Crustal Evolution.Elsevier.Amsterdan,1994
[10] Edward,Mikucki.hydrothermal transport and depositional processes in Archean lode-gold systems:A review.Ore Geology Review.1998,(13):307～321
[11] Fleet A.Aqueous and sedimentary geochemistry of the rare earth elements.In:Henderson P.ed. Rare earth Element Geochemistry. Elsevier. Amsterdam. Science Publishers B.V.,1984,343～363
[12] Franklin M,Lydon W,Sangster D F.Volcanic-associated massive sulfide deposits.Economic Geology,1981,75(anniv):485～627
[13] Fryer B.Rare earth elements in iron-formation.In:Trendall A F.Morris B C.eds.Iron Formation:Facts and Problems.Elsevier.Amsterdam:Science Publishers B.V,1983,345～358
[14] Fryer B.Rare earth evidence in iron-formations for changing Precambrian oxidationstates.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1977,41:361～367
[15] G.Shanmugam, T.D.Spalding, D.H.Rofheart.Traction structures in deep-marine, bottom-Current reworked sands in the Pliocene and Pleistocene, Gulf of Mexico.Geology,1993,21:929～932
[16] Gardner H D,Hutcheon I.Geochemistry,mineralogy and geology of the ason Pb～Zn deposits.Macmillan Pass.Yukon.Canada.Econ Geol,1985,80:1257～1276
[17] Gastro.A.On granitoid emplacement and related structures.A view.Geol.Rdsch,1987,128:421～460
[18] Godwin C I,Sinclair A,Ryan B D.Lead isotope models for the genesis of carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb,shale-hosted Ba-Zn-Pb and silver-rich deposits in the Northern Canadian Cordillera.Econ Geol,198-2,77:82～94
[19] Goodwin.A.M.Archean plates and greenstone belts:In A.Kroner editor.Precambrian Plate Tectonics.Elsvier Sci.Co..Amsterdam,1981,105～135
[20] Groves.D.I,Pbillips.G.N.The genesis and tectonic control on Archean gold deposits of the Western Australian shield:a metamorphic-replacement model.Ore Geol.Rev,1987,2:287～322
[21] Groves.D.L.the crustal continuum model for late Archean lode gold deposits of the Yilgarn Block.Western Australia.Mineral Deposit,1993,28:366～374
[22] H.J.里丁.沉积环境和相.地质出版社,1983 年
[23] H.Shinohara,W.Hedenquist.Contraints on magma degassing beneath the Far Southeast porphyry Cu-Au deposit,Philippines.Journal of petrology,1997,38(12):1741～1750
[24] Hamilton M,Shaw D R.Evolution of source fluid and resulting deposits during genesis of the Sullivan orebody.Kimberley.B.C.Canada(abstract).Geological Society of America.Abstracts with Programs,1986,18:626～637
[25] Hodgson.C.The structure of shear-related vein-type gold deposit.A review.Ore Geol..Rev,1989,4:33～273
[26] J.D.科林森,D.B.汤普森等.沉积构造.地质出版社,1988 年
[27] Jack Oliver.Fluids expelled tectonically from orogenic belts:Their role in hydrocarbon migration and other geologic phenomena.Geology,1986,14(2):99～102
[28] Kerrich.R,Feng.R.Archean geodynamics and the Abitibi-Pontiac collision:implications for advection of fluids at transpressive collisional boundaries and the origin of giant quartz vein systems.Earth Sci.Rev,1992,32:33～60
[29] Kerrich.R,Wyman.D.Geodynamic setting of mesothernal gold deposits:an association with accretionary tectonic regimes.Geology,1990,18:882～885
[30] Kerrich.R,Cassidy.K.F.Temporal relationships of lode gold mineralization to accretion,magmatism,metamorphism and deformation-Archean to present:A review.Ore Geol.Rev,1994,9:263～310
[31] Koons.P.D,Craw.D.Gold mineralization as a continental collision:An example from the southern ALPS.New Zealand.Earth Plan.Sci.Lett.,1991,103:1～9
[32] Lambert I B.The McArthur River Zn-Pb-Ag deposit:features,metallogenesis and comparisons with some other stratiform ores.In:Walf K H ed.Handbook of Stratabound and Stratiform Deposits.Elsevier.Amsterdam,1976,6:535～585
[33] Lusk.Examination of volcanic-exhalative and biogenic origins for sulfur in the stratiform massive sulfide deposits of New Brunswick.Econ Geol,1973,67:169～183
[34] Lydon M.Chemical parameters controlling the origin and deposition of sediment-hosted stratiform lead-zinc deposits.In:Sangster D F.ed.Short Course in Sediment-Hosted Stratiform Lead-Zinc Deposits.Mineralogical Association of Canada.Victoria,1983,175～250
[35] Mcllay K R,Bidwell G E.Geology of the Tom deposit.Macmillan Pass.Yukon.In:Ames A M ed.Mineral Deposits of Northern Cordillera.Proceedings of the Mineral Deposits of Northern Cordillera Symposium,1983,100～114
[36] Meyer.M,Sagger.R.The gold content of some Archean rocks and their possible relationship to epigenetic gold-quartz vein deposits.Mineral Deposit,1985,20(4):284～289
[37] Ohmoto H,Rye R O.Isotopes of sulfur and carbon.In:Barnes H Led.Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits.Now York:John Wiley and Sons,1979,509～567
[38] P.A.Candela.A view of shallow ore-related granites:textures,volatiles and ore metals.Journal of petrology,38(12):1619～1634
[39] Pearce A,Cann R.Tectonic setting of basic rocks determined using trace element analysis.Earth and Plantetary Science Letters,1973,24:419～426
[40] Pearce A,Harris N B W,Tindle A G.Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tecotonic interpretation of granitic rocks.Journal of Petrology,1984,25:956～983
[41] Pitcher.W.S,Berger.A.R.The geology of Donegal:A Study of granite emplacement and unroofing.Wiley Interscience.London,1972
[42] Plimer I R.Tourmalinites associated with Australia Proterozoic submarine exhalative ores.In:Friedrich C H.Herzig P M.ed.Base Metal Sulfide Deposits in Sedimentary and Volcanic Environments.Berline:Springer-Verlary,1988,155～283
[43] Plimer I R.Tourmalinites from the Golden Dyke Dome.Northern Australia.Mineralium Deposita,1986,21:263～270
[44] Powell.R,et al.metamorphism in Archean greensrone belt:Calculated fluid compositions and implications for gold mineralization.Metamorphic Geol.,1991,141～150
[45] Probert K.Fluid inclusion data from carbonate hosted Irish base metal deposits (abstract). Mineral Deposits Studies Group Mtg.Manchester,England Program with Abstracts,1983,B4
[46] R.Goldfarb,G.N.Phillips,W.Nokleberg.Tectonic setting of synorogenic gold deposits of the Pacific Rim.Ore Geology Review,1998,Vol.13:185～218
[47] Russell M.Maor sediment-hosted exhalative zinc-lead deposits: formation from hydrothermal convection cells that deepen during crustal extension.In:Sangster D F.ed.Short Course in Sediment-Hosted Stratiform Lead-Zinc Deposits.Mineralogical Association of Canada.Victoria,1983,251～282
[48] Rye R O,Ohmoto H.Sulfur and carbon isotopes and ore genesis:a review.Econ Geol,1974,69:826～842
[49] Samson I M,Russell M.Genesis of the Silvermines zinc-lead-barite deposit.Ireland:fluid inclusion and stable isotope evidence.Econ Geol,1987,82:371～394
[50] Sangster D F.Sulfur and lead isotopes in strata-bound deposits.In:wolf K H.ed.Handbook of Strata-Bound and Stratiform Ore Deposits.Elsevier.Amsterdam,1976,2:219～266
[51] Sasaki A,Kawara Y.Evidence of isotopic exchange between seawater sulfate and some syngenetic sulfide ores.Soc Mining Geologists apan,1971,Spec Issue,3:289～294
[52] Shanks W C Ⅲ,Bischoff L.Ore transport and deposition in the Red Sea geothermal system:a geochemical model Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1977,41:1507～1509
[53] Sibson.R.H.Structure and mechanics of fault zone in relation to fault-hosted mineralization.Australian Mineral Foundation,1989,1～66
[54] Slack F,Harriman N,Barnes R G.,et al.Stratiform tourmalinites in metamorphic terranes and their geological significance.Geology,1984,88:505～541
[55] Slack F.Tourmaline in Appalachian-Caledonian massive sulfide deposits and its exploration significance.Trance Inst Min Metall,1979,91:81～89
[56] Spooner E T C,Fyfe W S.Sub-sea floor metamorphism,heat and mass transfer.Contr Mineralogy Petrology,1973,42:287～304
[57] Spooner.E.T.C.The magmatic model for the origin of Archean Au-Quartz vein ore systems:An asessment of the evidence.Brazil Gold,1991,91:313～318
[58] Stanton R L,Russell R D.Anomalous leads and the emplacement of lead sulfide ores.Econ Geol,1959,54:588～607
[59] Stefan Cwojdzinski.Mantle plumes and dynamics of the Earth interior —towards a new model.Geological Review, 2004,52(8):817～826
[60] Stephen E,Kesler.Metallogenic evolution of convergent margins:selected ore deposit models.Ore Geology Review,1997,12:153～171
[61] Taihe Zhou,Guxian Lu.Tectonics,granitoids and Mesozoic gold deposits in East Shandong,China.Ore Geology Review,2000,16:71～90
[62] Taylor B E,Slack F.Tourmaline from Appalachian-Caledonian massive sulfide deposits:textural.chemical and isotopic relationships.Econ Geol,1984,79:1703～1726
[63] Uitterdik Appel P W.Stratiform tourmalinites in the Archaean tungsten province of West Greenland.Mineralogy and Petrology,1988,39:79～91
[64] Wang.L.G,et al.An overview of the relationship between granitoid intrusions and gold mineralisation the Archean Murchison Prov.,Wostern Australia.Mineral Deposita,1993,28:482～494
[65] Willner A P.Tourmalinites from the stratiform peraluminous metamorphic suite of the Central Namaqua Mobile Belt (South Africa).Mineralium Deposita,1992,27:304～313
[66] Yaoling Niu,Marcel Regelous, Immo J. Wendt,et al.Geochemistry of near-EPR seamounts: importance of source vs. process and the origin of enriched mantle component.Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2002 199:327～345
[67] Zhai Yusheng,Deng Jun.Tectonic setting and metallogenic system of the North China Block Margins.Journal of China University of Geosciences,1999,10(1):30～33
[68] Zhai Yusheng,Deng Jun and Peng Runmin.Issues on China regional metallogeny.Journal of China University of Geosciences,2000,11(3):220～227
[69] Zhai Yusheng,Peng Runmin,Deng Jun,et al.Analysis of mineralization system and prediction of new-type ore deposits.Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2000,11(2)107～121
[70] 安涛等.甘肃小柳沟钨多金属矿地质特征及成矿模式.甘肃地质学报, 2002,11(2):54～66
[71] 陈毓川,裴荣富,宋天锐,等.中国矿床成矿系列初论.北京:地质出版社,1998,
[72] 陈毓川,朱裕生.中国矿床成矿系列.北京:地质出版社,1997
[73] 成都地质学院陕北队.沉积岩粒度分析及其应用.地质出版社,1976
[74] 程裕祺,陈毓川,赵一呜,等.再论矿床成矿系列问题.中国地质科学院院报,1983,第6 期:1～64
[75] 程裕祺,陈毓川,赵一呜,等.初论矿床成矿系列问题.中国地质科学院院报,1979,第1 号:32～58
[76] 邓晋福,吴宗絮,杨建军等.格尔木—额济纳旗地学断面走廊域地壳—上地幔岩石学结构与深部过程.地球物理学报,1995,38(增刊Ⅱ):130～142
[77] 戴自希.世界特大型铜矿床.地质科技动态,1994,8-9:10～11
[78] 地质矿产部直属单位管理局.花岗岩类区 1∶50000 区域地质填图方法指南.中国地质大学出版社,1991
[79] 甘肃省地层表编写组.西北地区区域地层表甘肃省分册.地质出版社,1980
[80] 甘肃省地质矿产局.甘肃省区域地质志.地质出版社,1989
[81] 甘肃省地质矿产局.甘肃省岩石地层.中国地质大学出版社,1997
[82] 甘肃省地质矿产局.玉门市幅 1∶200000 区域地质调查报告.1969
[83] 甘肃省地质矿产局.祁连山幅 1∶200000 区域地质调查报告.1974
[84] 甘肃省地质矿产局.肃南幅 1∶200000 区域地质调查报告.1971
[85] 甘肃省地质矿产局.昌马幅 1∶200000 区域地质调查报告.1971
[86] 高建新,许志琴,李海兵,等.北祁连加里东造山带从挤压到伸展造山机制的转换.长春地质学院学报,1997,23(7):277～283
[87] 高建新,许志琴,陈文,等.北祁连中段俯冲—增生杂岩/火山弧的时代探讨.岩石矿物杂志,1997,16(2):112～118
[88] 高建新,许志琴,徐惠芬,等.北祁连加里东期俯冲—增生楔结构及动力学.地球科学,1998.33(3):291～298
[89] 韩发,赵汝松,沈建忠,等.大厂锡多金属矿床地质及成因.地质出版社,1997:1～213
[90] 贺同兴,卢良兆,李树勋,等.变质岩岩石学. 地质出版社,1980
[91] 黄崇轲,白冶,朱裕生,等.中国铜矿床.地质出版社,2001
[92] 纪友亮, 张世奇.层序地层学原理及层序成因机制模式.石油地质出版,1998
[93] 贾群子,杨忠堂,肖朝阳,等.祁连成矿带成矿区划和找矿潜力.西北地质,2002,(4):86～100
[94] 金性春.板块构造学基础.上海科技出版社,1984
[95] 李春昱.我国北部边陲及邻区的古板块构造与欧亚大陆的形成.中国北方板块文集,北京:地质出版社,1983
[96] 李海兵、杨经绥、许志琴,等.阿尔金山断裂带印支期走滑活动的地质及年代学证据.科学通报,2001,46(16):1333～1338
[97] 李金春,刘伯崇 丁书宏.北祁连天鹿砂岩铜矿床成矿特征.西北地质,2005,38(1):47～54
[98] 李人澍.成矿系统分析的理论与实践.地质出版社,1996 年 5 月
[99] 李文渊.祁连山主要矿床组合及其成矿动力学分析.地球学报,2004,25(3):313～320
[100] 李志昌, 路远发, 黄圭成.放射性同位素地质学方法与进展.中国地质大学出版社,2004
[101] 刘宝珺、曾允孚.岩相古地理基础和工作方法,地质出版社,1985
[102] 刘华山,李秋林,于浦生,等.“镜铁山式”铁铜矿床地质特征及其成因探讨.矿床地质,1998,17(1):25～34
[103] 毛景文,张招崇,任丰寿,等.北祁连山西段金属矿床时空分布和生成演化.地质学报,1999,73(1):73～82
[104] 毛景文,张招崇,杨建民,等.北祁连山西段铜金铁钨多金属矿床成矿系列和找矿评价.地质出版,2003
[105] 毛景文,张作衡.北祁连山小柳沟钨矿床中辉钼矿 Re—Os 年龄测定及其意义.地质论评,1999,45(4):412～416
[106] 梅冥相,李仲远.滇黔桂地区古生代至三叠纪层序地层序列及沉积盆地演化.现代地质,2004,18(4):564～571
[107] 裴荣富.中国矿床模式.地质出版,1995
[108] 邱家骧,林景仟.岩石化学.地质出版社,1991
[109] 芮宗瑶,陈仁义,王龙生.中国铜矿主要类型及其地质特征.矿床地质,1998,17:115～118
[110] 宋叔和.祁连山一带黄铁矿型铜矿的特征与成矿规律.地质学报,1955,35(1):34-46
[111] 宋叔和等.中国矿床(上册).北京:中国地质出版社,1989
[112] 汤中立,白云来,徐章华,等.华北古陆西南缘(龙首山·祁连山)成矿系统及成矿构造动力学.北京:地质出版社, 2002
[113] 陶炳昆.甘肃省铜矿床主要类型及其找矿潜力分析 .甘肃地质学报,1995,4(2)
[114] 王荃,刘雪亚.我国西部祁连山区的古海洋及其大地构造意义. 地球科学,1976,1:42～55
[115] 王中刚,稀土元素地球化学.地质出版社,1985
[116] 王中刚,徐克勤,涂光炽主编,花岗岩的稀土元素分布模式.见:花岗岩地质和成矿关系.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1984,536～542
[117] 王泽九,吴功建,肖序常.格尔木—额济纳旗地学断面多学科综合调查研究概况. 地球物理学报,1995,38(增刊):1～2
[118] 邬介人, 任秉琛, 黄玉春,等.西北海相火山岩地区块状硫化物矿床.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994
[119] 邬介人,于浦生,贾群子,等.海相火山沉积岩区铁—铜—硫成矿系列及铁—铜型矿床.北京:地质出版社,1999
[120] 吴汉泉.北祁连山多硅白云母矿物学和多型特征以及对 K—Ar 年龄的思考.中国地质科学院西安地质矿产研究所所刊,1987,7:64～81
[121] 夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.北祁连山构造—火山岩浆—成矿动力学.中国大地出版社,2001
[122] 夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.祁连山及邻区火山作用与成矿.地质出版社,1998
[123] 夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.北祁连山古海底火山作用与成矿.地球学报,1999,20(3):259～264
[124] 夏林圻,夏祖春,徐学义.北祁连山构造—火山岩浆演化动力学.西北地质科学,1995,16(1):1～28
[125] 夏林圻,夏祖春,徐学义.北祁连山海相火山岩岩石成因.北京:地质出版社,1996
[126] 夏林圻,夏祖春,徐学义.北祁连山洋脊—洋岛和弧后盆地火山作用.地质学报,1998,72(4):301～312
[127] 夏林圻,夏祖春,赵江天,等.北祁连山西段元古宙大陆溢流玄武岩性质的确定.中国科学,2000,30(1):1～8
[128] 夏林圻等.北祁连山构造—火山岩岩浆—成矿动力学 M.北京:中国大地出版社,2001
[129] 夏祖春,夏林圻,徐学义.北祁连山元古宙末—寒武纪主动大陆裂谷火山作用.地球学报,1996,17(3):282～290
[130] 熊鹏飞等.中国若干主要类型铜矿床勘查模式.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994
[131] 徐卫东.红柳峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书.甘肃省地质矿产局,1992
[132] 徐卫东.土达坂幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书.甘肃省地质矿产局,1992
[133] 徐卫东,周学武,李俊建,等.北祁连西段志留系层序地层学特征.地质调查与研究,2006,2
[134] 徐卫东.桦树沟铁铜矿床地质特征.地质找矿论丛,2005,20(增刊)
[135] 徐卫东,王方成,等.红柳峡幅、土达坂幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查报告. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1992
[136] 徐卫东,王方成,等.旱峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[137] 徐卫东,王方成,等.红柳峡幅、旱峡幅、鸭儿峡幅 1:50000 区域地质调查报告. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[138] 徐卫东,王方成,等.红柳峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[139] 徐卫东,王方成,等.红柳峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[140] 徐卫东,王方成,等.鸭儿峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[141] 徐卫东,王方成,等.鸭儿峡幅 1∶50001 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[142] 徐晓春,岳书仓,刘因,等.甘肃走廊南山朱龙关群的时代及其火山岩的岩石化学特征.安徽地质:1996,6(4):1～6
[143] 许志琴,徐惠芬,张建新,等.北祁连走廊南山加里东俯冲杂岩增生地体及其动力学.地 质学报,1994.68(1):1～15
[144] 薛春纪,姬金生,张连昌,等.祁连镜铁山海底喷流沉积铁铜矿床.矿床地质,1997,16.(1):21～29
[145] 杨超群.花岗岩的地质环境成因分类.广东地质,1996,11(2):1～12
[146] 杨合群,宋忠宝,王兴安,等.北祁连山中西段塞浦路斯铜矿特征、成矿作用及找矿标志.西北地质,2002,35(4):65～84
[147] 杨建民,毛景文,张招崇,等.祁连桦树沟铁铜矿床床成因类型及成矿机制探讨.矿床地质,1998,17(增刊):1019～1022
[148] 杨振升,变质岩区层状构造问题.中国区域地质,1989,1:1-13
[149] 余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与 SPSS 应用.人民邮电出版社,2003
[150] 袁见齐,朱上庆,翟裕生.矿床学.北京:地质出版社,1979,
[151] 翟裕生,彭润民,向运川,等.区域成矿学研究方法指南.中国地质大学出版社,2003
[152] 翟裕生,邓军,崔彬等.成矿系统及综合地质异常.现代地质,1999,13(1):99～104
[153] 翟裕生,邓军,宋鸿林,等.同生断层对层控超大型矿床的控制. 中国科学,1998,28(3): 214～218
[154] 翟裕生,邓军,彭润民.中国区域成矿若干问题探讨.矿床地质,1999,18(4):323～332
[155] 翟裕生,彭润民,邓军,等.成矿系统分析与新类型矿床预测.地学前缘. 2000,7(1):123～132
[156] 翟裕生,区域成矿学研究问题.矿床地质,1998,17(增刊):253～258
[157] 翟裕生,成矿系统的结构框架和基本类型.见:资源环境与可持续发展.科学出版社.,1999,77～82
[158] 翟裕生,论成矿系统.地学前缘,1999,6(1):13～28
[159] 翟裕生,成矿系统及其演化—初步实践到理论思考.地球科学,2000,25(4):333～339
[160] 翟裕生,邓军,李晓波.区域成矿学.地质出版社,1999
[161] 翟裕生.区域成矿学研究问题.矿床地质,1998,17:253～258
[162] 翟裕生,姚书振,崔彬,等.成矿系列研究.中国地质大学出版社,1996
[163] 翟裕生,张湖,宋鸿林,等.大型构造与超大型矿床.北京:地质出版社,1997
[164] 翟裕生,等.古陆边缘成矿系统.地质出版社,2002
[165] 张建新,许志琴,陈文,等.北祁连中段俯冲增生杂岩 /火山弧的时代探讨.岩石矿物杂志,1997.,(2):112～119
[166] 张理刚.稳定同位素在地球科学中的应用.西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1985
[167] 张新虎, 苟国朝, 展积宝.北祁连地区主要金属矿床成矿系列及区域成矿作用.地球科学进展,1997,12(4):331～338
[168] 张彦杰,黄增宝,北祁连西段香毛山一带早—中寒武世基性火山岩基本特征及其成因.西北地质,2003,36(1):25～29
[169] 张招崇,毛景文,杨建民,等.北祁连山西段早奥陶世阴沟群火山岩的构造背景.岩石矿物学杂志.,1997,16(3):193～200
[170] 张招崇,毛景文,左国朝.北祁连山西段早元古代变质火山岩的地球化学特征及其构造背景.矿物岩石,1998,18(4):22～30
[171] 张招崇,毛景文,杨建民,等.北祁连西段早奥陶世阴沟群火山岩的构造背景.岩石矿物学杂志,1997,16(3):193～200
[172] 张招崇,毛景文,左国朝,等.北祁连西段中元古代蛇绿岩的发现及其意义.矿物岩石地球化学通报,1998,17(2):114～117
[173] 张招崇,毛景文,Zhou M.,等.北祁连西段熬油沟蛇绿岩 SHRIMP 分析结果及地质意义.岩 石学报,2001,17(2):222～226
[174] 赵东宏,杨合群,刘玉琳等.甘肃桦树沟铁铜矿床床成矿年龄讨论. 矿床地质,2003,22(2):136～139
[175] 赵东宏,杨合群,于浦生.甘肃桦树沟蚀变岩型铜矿床的地质特征及成矿作用讨论.西北地质.2002,35(3):76～82
[176] 赵伦山,张本仁.地球化学.北京:地质出版社,1988
[177] 中国冶金地质勘查工程总局西北局五队.甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县镜铁山铁矿桦树沟矿区14—2 线补充勘探暨 10—2 线铜矿详查报告,1996
[178] 中国冶金地质勘查工程总局西北地质勘查院,甘肃祁连山西段以镜铁山式矿床为主的铜铁金矿资源调查成果报告,2002
[179] 周涛发,岳书仓,刘因,等.甘肃桦树沟(铁)铜矿稀土元素及硫同位素地球化学意义.安徽地质,1996,6(3):57～62
[180] 朱裕生,肖克炎.成矿预测方法.地质出版社,1997
[181] 左国朝.北祁连地区早古生代最有利条件碰撞缝合作用.见:唐克东主编.中国北方板块构造文集(1).地质出版社,1986,27～35
[182] 左国朝, 刘寄陈.北祁连早古生代大地构造演化. 地球科学, 1987,14～24
[183] 左国朝, 刘义科,张崇.北祁连中西段造山带陆壳残群构造属性特征. 地球科学, 2002, (39):303～321
[184] 左国朝, 王彦斌吴,汉泉,等.祁连地区蛇纹岩划分及其构造意义,见:张旗主编.蛇纹岩与地球动力学研究,地质出版社,1996,129～134
[185] 左国朝,吴汉泉.北祁连中段路段早古生代双向俯冲—碰撞造山模式剖析.地球科学进展, 1997,12(4):215～232
[2] John B.Sangree Peter R.Vail.应用层序地层学.石油地质出版社,1991
[3] D.Keith,A.Whitney,K.Hattori,et al.The role of magmatic sulfides and mafic alkaline magmas in the Bingham and Tintic Mining Districts.Utah.Journal of petrology,1997,38(12):1679～1690.
[4] Bachelor R A,Bowden P.Petrogenetic interpretation of granitoid rock series using multication parameters.Chemical Geology,1985,48:43～45
[5] Barbarin B.Granitoids:main petrogenic classifications in relation to origin and tectonic setting.Geological Journal,1990,25:227～238
[6] Bone Y.The geological setting of tourmalinites at Rum ungle.N.T.Australia-genetic and economic implications.Mineralium Deposit,1988,23:34～41
[7] Burrows.D.R,Wood.P.C,Spooner.E.T.C.Carbon isotope evidence for a magmatic origin for Archean gold-quartz vein ore deposits.Nature,1986,321:851～854
[8] C.K.威尔格斯等.层序地层学原理.石油地质出版社,1993
[9] Condie.K.C.Archean Crustal Evolution.Elsevier.Amsterdan,1994
[10] Edward,Mikucki.hydrothermal transport and depositional processes in Archean lode-gold systems:A review.Ore Geology Review.1998,(13):307～321
[11] Fleet A.Aqueous and sedimentary geochemistry of the rare earth elements.In:Henderson P.ed. Rare earth Element Geochemistry. Elsevier. Amsterdam. Science Publishers B.V.,1984,343～363
[12] Franklin M,Lydon W,Sangster D F.Volcanic-associated massive sulfide deposits.Economic Geology,1981,75(anniv):485～627
[13] Fryer B.Rare earth elements in iron-formation.In:Trendall A F.Morris B C.eds.Iron Formation:Facts and Problems.Elsevier.Amsterdam:Science Publishers B.V,1983,345～358
[14] Fryer B.Rare earth evidence in iron-formations for changing Precambrian oxidationstates.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1977,41:361～367
[15] G.Shanmugam, T.D.Spalding, D.H.Rofheart.Traction structures in deep-marine, bottom-Current reworked sands in the Pliocene and Pleistocene, Gulf of Mexico.Geology,1993,21:929～932
[16] Gardner H D,Hutcheon I.Geochemistry,mineralogy and geology of the ason Pb～Zn deposits.Macmillan Pass.Yukon.Canada.Econ Geol,1985,80:1257～1276
[17] Gastro.A.On granitoid emplacement and related structures.A view.Geol.Rdsch,1987,128:421～460
[18] Godwin C I,Sinclair A,Ryan B D.Lead isotope models for the genesis of carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb,shale-hosted Ba-Zn-Pb and silver-rich deposits in the Northern Canadian Cordillera.Econ Geol,198-2,77:82～94
[19] Goodwin.A.M.Archean plates and greenstone belts:In A.Kroner editor.Precambrian Plate Tectonics.Elsvier Sci.Co..Amsterdam,1981,105～135
[20] Groves.D.I,Pbillips.G.N.The genesis and tectonic control on Archean gold deposits of the Western Australian shield:a metamorphic-replacement model.Ore Geol.Rev,1987,2:287～322
[21] Groves.D.L.the crustal continuum model for late Archean lode gold deposits of the Yilgarn Block.Western Australia.Mineral Deposit,1993,28:366～374
[22] H.J.里丁.沉积环境和相.地质出版社,1983 年
[23] H.Shinohara,W.Hedenquist.Contraints on magma degassing beneath the Far Southeast porphyry Cu-Au deposit,Philippines.Journal of petrology,1997,38(12):1741～1750
[24] Hamilton M,Shaw D R.Evolution of source fluid and resulting deposits during genesis of the Sullivan orebody.Kimberley.B.C.Canada(abstract).Geological Society of America.Abstracts with Programs,1986,18:626～637
[25] Hodgson.C.The structure of shear-related vein-type gold deposit.A review.Ore Geol..Rev,1989,4:33～273
[26] J.D.科林森,D.B.汤普森等.沉积构造.地质出版社,1988 年
[27] Jack Oliver.Fluids expelled tectonically from orogenic belts:Their role in hydrocarbon migration and other geologic phenomena.Geology,1986,14(2):99～102
[28] Kerrich.R,Feng.R.Archean geodynamics and the Abitibi-Pontiac collision:implications for advection of fluids at transpressive collisional boundaries and the origin of giant quartz vein systems.Earth Sci.Rev,1992,32:33～60
[29] Kerrich.R,Wyman.D.Geodynamic setting of mesothernal gold deposits:an association with accretionary tectonic regimes.Geology,1990,18:882～885
[30] Kerrich.R,Cassidy.K.F.Temporal relationships of lode gold mineralization to accretion,magmatism,metamorphism and deformation-Archean to present:A review.Ore Geol.Rev,1994,9:263～310
[31] Koons.P.D,Craw.D.Gold mineralization as a continental collision:An example from the southern ALPS.New Zealand.Earth Plan.Sci.Lett.,1991,103:1～9
[32] Lambert I B.The McArthur River Zn-Pb-Ag deposit:features,metallogenesis and comparisons with some other stratiform ores.In:Walf K H ed.Handbook of Stratabound and Stratiform Deposits.Elsevier.Amsterdam,1976,6:535～585
[33] Lusk.Examination of volcanic-exhalative and biogenic origins for sulfur in the stratiform massive sulfide deposits of New Brunswick.Econ Geol,1973,67:169～183
[34] Lydon M.Chemical parameters controlling the origin and deposition of sediment-hosted stratiform lead-zinc deposits.In:Sangster D F.ed.Short Course in Sediment-Hosted Stratiform Lead-Zinc Deposits.Mineralogical Association of Canada.Victoria,1983,175～250
[35] Mcllay K R,Bidwell G E.Geology of the Tom deposit.Macmillan Pass.Yukon.In:Ames A M ed.Mineral Deposits of Northern Cordillera.Proceedings of the Mineral Deposits of Northern Cordillera Symposium,1983,100～114
[36] Meyer.M,Sagger.R.The gold content of some Archean rocks and their possible relationship to epigenetic gold-quartz vein deposits.Mineral Deposit,1985,20(4):284～289
[37] Ohmoto H,Rye R O.Isotopes of sulfur and carbon.In:Barnes H Led.Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits.Now York:John Wiley and Sons,1979,509～567
[38] P.A.Candela.A view of shallow ore-related granites:textures,volatiles and ore metals.Journal of petrology,38(12):1619～1634
[39] Pearce A,Cann R.Tectonic setting of basic rocks determined using trace element analysis.Earth and Plantetary Science Letters,1973,24:419～426
[40] Pearce A,Harris N B W,Tindle A G.Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tecotonic interpretation of granitic rocks.Journal of Petrology,1984,25:956～983
[41] Pitcher.W.S,Berger.A.R.The geology of Donegal:A Study of granite emplacement and unroofing.Wiley Interscience.London,1972
[42] Plimer I R.Tourmalinites associated with Australia Proterozoic submarine exhalative ores.In:Friedrich C H.Herzig P M.ed.Base Metal Sulfide Deposits in Sedimentary and Volcanic Environments.Berline:Springer-Verlary,1988,155～283
[43] Plimer I R.Tourmalinites from the Golden Dyke Dome.Northern Australia.Mineralium Deposita,1986,21:263～270
[44] Powell.R,et al.metamorphism in Archean greensrone belt:Calculated fluid compositions and implications for gold mineralization.Metamorphic Geol.,1991,141～150
[45] Probert K.Fluid inclusion data from carbonate hosted Irish base metal deposits (abstract). Mineral Deposits Studies Group Mtg.Manchester,England Program with Abstracts,1983,B4
[46] R.Goldfarb,G.N.Phillips,W.Nokleberg.Tectonic setting of synorogenic gold deposits of the Pacific Rim.Ore Geology Review,1998,Vol.13:185～218
[47] Russell M.Maor sediment-hosted exhalative zinc-lead deposits: formation from hydrothermal convection cells that deepen during crustal extension.In:Sangster D F.ed.Short Course in Sediment-Hosted Stratiform Lead-Zinc Deposits.Mineralogical Association of Canada.Victoria,1983,251～282
[48] Rye R O,Ohmoto H.Sulfur and carbon isotopes and ore genesis:a review.Econ Geol,1974,69:826～842
[49] Samson I M,Russell M.Genesis of the Silvermines zinc-lead-barite deposit.Ireland:fluid inclusion and stable isotope evidence.Econ Geol,1987,82:371～394
[50] Sangster D F.Sulfur and lead isotopes in strata-bound deposits.In:wolf K H.ed.Handbook of Strata-Bound and Stratiform Ore Deposits.Elsevier.Amsterdam,1976,2:219～266
[51] Sasaki A,Kawara Y.Evidence of isotopic exchange between seawater sulfate and some syngenetic sulfide ores.Soc Mining Geologists apan,1971,Spec Issue,3:289～294
[52] Shanks W C Ⅲ,Bischoff L.Ore transport and deposition in the Red Sea geothermal system:a geochemical model Geochim Cosmochim Acta,1977,41:1507～1509
[53] Sibson.R.H.Structure and mechanics of fault zone in relation to fault-hosted mineralization.Australian Mineral Foundation,1989,1～66
[54] Slack F,Harriman N,Barnes R G.,et al.Stratiform tourmalinites in metamorphic terranes and their geological significance.Geology,1984,88:505～541
[55] Slack F.Tourmaline in Appalachian-Caledonian massive sulfide deposits and its exploration significance.Trance Inst Min Metall,1979,91:81～89
[56] Spooner E T C,Fyfe W S.Sub-sea floor metamorphism,heat and mass transfer.Contr Mineralogy Petrology,1973,42:287～304
[57] Spooner.E.T.C.The magmatic model for the origin of Archean Au-Quartz vein ore systems:An asessment of the evidence.Brazil Gold,1991,91:313～318
[58] Stanton R L,Russell R D.Anomalous leads and the emplacement of lead sulfide ores.Econ Geol,1959,54:588～607
[59] Stefan Cwojdzinski.Mantle plumes and dynamics of the Earth interior —towards a new model.Geological Review, 2004,52(8):817～826
[60] Stephen E,Kesler.Metallogenic evolution of convergent margins:selected ore deposit models.Ore Geology Review,1997,12:153～171
[61] Taihe Zhou,Guxian Lu.Tectonics,granitoids and Mesozoic gold deposits in East Shandong,China.Ore Geology Review,2000,16:71～90
[62] Taylor B E,Slack F.Tourmaline from Appalachian-Caledonian massive sulfide deposits:textural.chemical and isotopic relationships.Econ Geol,1984,79:1703～1726
[63] Uitterdik Appel P W.Stratiform tourmalinites in the Archaean tungsten province of West Greenland.Mineralogy and Petrology,1988,39:79～91
[64] Wang.L.G,et al.An overview of the relationship between granitoid intrusions and gold mineralisation the Archean Murchison Prov.,Wostern Australia.Mineral Deposita,1993,28:482～494
[65] Willner A P.Tourmalinites from the stratiform peraluminous metamorphic suite of the Central Namaqua Mobile Belt (South Africa).Mineralium Deposita,1992,27:304～313
[66] Yaoling Niu,Marcel Regelous, Immo J. Wendt,et al.Geochemistry of near-EPR seamounts: importance of source vs. process and the origin of enriched mantle component.Earth and Planetary Science Letters 2002 199:327～345
[67] Zhai Yusheng,Deng Jun.Tectonic setting and metallogenic system of the North China Block Margins.Journal of China University of Geosciences,1999,10(1):30～33
[68] Zhai Yusheng,Deng Jun and Peng Runmin.Issues on China regional metallogeny.Journal of China University of Geosciences,2000,11(3):220～227
[69] Zhai Yusheng,Peng Runmin,Deng Jun,et al.Analysis of mineralization system and prediction of new-type ore deposits.Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2000,11(2)107～121
[70] 安涛等.甘肃小柳沟钨多金属矿地质特征及成矿模式.甘肃地质学报, 2002,11(2):54～66
[71] 陈毓川,裴荣富,宋天锐,等.中国矿床成矿系列初论.北京:地质出版社,1998,
[72] 陈毓川,朱裕生.中国矿床成矿系列.北京:地质出版社,1997
[73] 成都地质学院陕北队.沉积岩粒度分析及其应用.地质出版社,1976
[74] 程裕祺,陈毓川,赵一呜,等.再论矿床成矿系列问题.中国地质科学院院报,1983,第6 期:1～64
[75] 程裕祺,陈毓川,赵一呜,等.初论矿床成矿系列问题.中国地质科学院院报,1979,第1 号:32～58
[76] 邓晋福,吴宗絮,杨建军等.格尔木—额济纳旗地学断面走廊域地壳—上地幔岩石学结构与深部过程.地球物理学报,1995,38(增刊Ⅱ):130～142
[77] 戴自希.世界特大型铜矿床.地质科技动态,1994,8-9:10～11
[78] 地质矿产部直属单位管理局.花岗岩类区 1∶50000 区域地质填图方法指南.中国地质大学出版社,1991
[79] 甘肃省地层表编写组.西北地区区域地层表甘肃省分册.地质出版社,1980
[80] 甘肃省地质矿产局.甘肃省区域地质志.地质出版社,1989
[81] 甘肃省地质矿产局.甘肃省岩石地层.中国地质大学出版社,1997
[82] 甘肃省地质矿产局.玉门市幅 1∶200000 区域地质调查报告.1969
[83] 甘肃省地质矿产局.祁连山幅 1∶200000 区域地质调查报告.1974
[84] 甘肃省地质矿产局.肃南幅 1∶200000 区域地质调查报告.1971
[85] 甘肃省地质矿产局.昌马幅 1∶200000 区域地质调查报告.1971
[86] 高建新,许志琴,李海兵,等.北祁连加里东造山带从挤压到伸展造山机制的转换.长春地质学院学报,1997,23(7):277～283
[87] 高建新,许志琴,陈文,等.北祁连中段俯冲—增生杂岩/火山弧的时代探讨.岩石矿物杂志,1997,16(2):112～118
[88] 高建新,许志琴,徐惠芬,等.北祁连加里东期俯冲—增生楔结构及动力学.地球科学,1998.33(3):291～298
[89] 韩发,赵汝松,沈建忠,等.大厂锡多金属矿床地质及成因.地质出版社,1997:1～213
[90] 贺同兴,卢良兆,李树勋,等.变质岩岩石学. 地质出版社,1980
[91] 黄崇轲,白冶,朱裕生,等.中国铜矿床.地质出版社,2001
[92] 纪友亮, 张世奇.层序地层学原理及层序成因机制模式.石油地质出版,1998
[93] 贾群子,杨忠堂,肖朝阳,等.祁连成矿带成矿区划和找矿潜力.西北地质,2002,(4):86～100
[94] 金性春.板块构造学基础.上海科技出版社,1984
[95] 李春昱.我国北部边陲及邻区的古板块构造与欧亚大陆的形成.中国北方板块文集,北京:地质出版社,1983
[96] 李海兵、杨经绥、许志琴,等.阿尔金山断裂带印支期走滑活动的地质及年代学证据.科学通报,2001,46(16):1333～1338
[97] 李金春,刘伯崇 丁书宏.北祁连天鹿砂岩铜矿床成矿特征.西北地质,2005,38(1):47～54
[98] 李人澍.成矿系统分析的理论与实践.地质出版社,1996 年 5 月
[99] 李文渊.祁连山主要矿床组合及其成矿动力学分析.地球学报,2004,25(3):313～320
[100] 李志昌, 路远发, 黄圭成.放射性同位素地质学方法与进展.中国地质大学出版社,2004
[101] 刘宝珺、曾允孚.岩相古地理基础和工作方法,地质出版社,1985
[102] 刘华山,李秋林,于浦生,等.“镜铁山式”铁铜矿床地质特征及其成因探讨.矿床地质,1998,17(1):25～34
[103] 毛景文,张招崇,任丰寿,等.北祁连山西段金属矿床时空分布和生成演化.地质学报,1999,73(1):73～82
[104] 毛景文,张招崇,杨建民,等.北祁连山西段铜金铁钨多金属矿床成矿系列和找矿评价.地质出版,2003
[105] 毛景文,张作衡.北祁连山小柳沟钨矿床中辉钼矿 Re—Os 年龄测定及其意义.地质论评,1999,45(4):412～416
[106] 梅冥相,李仲远.滇黔桂地区古生代至三叠纪层序地层序列及沉积盆地演化.现代地质,2004,18(4):564～571
[107] 裴荣富.中国矿床模式.地质出版,1995
[108] 邱家骧,林景仟.岩石化学.地质出版社,1991
[109] 芮宗瑶,陈仁义,王龙生.中国铜矿主要类型及其地质特征.矿床地质,1998,17:115～118
[110] 宋叔和.祁连山一带黄铁矿型铜矿的特征与成矿规律.地质学报,1955,35(1):34-46
[111] 宋叔和等.中国矿床(上册).北京:中国地质出版社,1989
[112] 汤中立,白云来,徐章华,等.华北古陆西南缘(龙首山·祁连山)成矿系统及成矿构造动力学.北京:地质出版社, 2002
[113] 陶炳昆.甘肃省铜矿床主要类型及其找矿潜力分析 .甘肃地质学报,1995,4(2)
[114] 王荃,刘雪亚.我国西部祁连山区的古海洋及其大地构造意义. 地球科学,1976,1:42～55
[115] 王中刚,稀土元素地球化学.地质出版社,1985
[116] 王中刚,徐克勤,涂光炽主编,花岗岩的稀土元素分布模式.见:花岗岩地质和成矿关系.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1984,536～542
[117] 王泽九,吴功建,肖序常.格尔木—额济纳旗地学断面多学科综合调查研究概况. 地球物理学报,1995,38(增刊):1～2
[118] 邬介人, 任秉琛, 黄玉春,等.西北海相火山岩地区块状硫化物矿床.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994
[119] 邬介人,于浦生,贾群子,等.海相火山沉积岩区铁—铜—硫成矿系列及铁—铜型矿床.北京:地质出版社,1999
[120] 吴汉泉.北祁连山多硅白云母矿物学和多型特征以及对 K—Ar 年龄的思考.中国地质科学院西安地质矿产研究所所刊,1987,7:64～81
[121] 夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.北祁连山构造—火山岩浆—成矿动力学.中国大地出版社,2001
[122] 夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.祁连山及邻区火山作用与成矿.地质出版社,1998
[123] 夏林圻,夏祖春,任有祥,等.北祁连山古海底火山作用与成矿.地球学报,1999,20(3):259～264
[124] 夏林圻,夏祖春,徐学义.北祁连山构造—火山岩浆演化动力学.西北地质科学,1995,16(1):1～28
[125] 夏林圻,夏祖春,徐学义.北祁连山海相火山岩岩石成因.北京:地质出版社,1996
[126] 夏林圻,夏祖春,徐学义.北祁连山洋脊—洋岛和弧后盆地火山作用.地质学报,1998,72(4):301～312
[127] 夏林圻,夏祖春,赵江天,等.北祁连山西段元古宙大陆溢流玄武岩性质的确定.中国科学,2000,30(1):1～8
[128] 夏林圻等.北祁连山构造—火山岩岩浆—成矿动力学 M.北京:中国大地出版社,2001
[129] 夏祖春,夏林圻,徐学义.北祁连山元古宙末—寒武纪主动大陆裂谷火山作用.地球学报,1996,17(3):282～290
[130] 熊鹏飞等.中国若干主要类型铜矿床勘查模式.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994
[131] 徐卫东.红柳峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书.甘肃省地质矿产局,1992
[132] 徐卫东.土达坂幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书.甘肃省地质矿产局,1992
[133] 徐卫东,周学武,李俊建,等.北祁连西段志留系层序地层学特征.地质调查与研究,2006,2
[134] 徐卫东.桦树沟铁铜矿床地质特征.地质找矿论丛,2005,20(增刊)
[135] 徐卫东,王方成,等.红柳峡幅、土达坂幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查报告. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1992
[136] 徐卫东,王方成,等.旱峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[137] 徐卫东,王方成,等.红柳峡幅、旱峡幅、鸭儿峡幅 1:50000 区域地质调查报告. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[138] 徐卫东,王方成,等.红柳峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[139] 徐卫东,王方成,等.红柳峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[140] 徐卫东,王方成,等.鸭儿峡幅 1∶50000 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[141] 徐卫东,王方成,等.鸭儿峡幅 1∶50001 区域地质调查说明书. 甘肃省地质矿产局,1995
[142] 徐晓春,岳书仓,刘因,等.甘肃走廊南山朱龙关群的时代及其火山岩的岩石化学特征.安徽地质:1996,6(4):1～6
[143] 许志琴,徐惠芬,张建新,等.北祁连走廊南山加里东俯冲杂岩增生地体及其动力学.地 质学报,1994.68(1):1～15
[144] 薛春纪,姬金生,张连昌,等.祁连镜铁山海底喷流沉积铁铜矿床.矿床地质,1997,16.(1):21～29
[145] 杨超群.花岗岩的地质环境成因分类.广东地质,1996,11(2):1～12
[146] 杨合群,宋忠宝,王兴安,等.北祁连山中西段塞浦路斯铜矿特征、成矿作用及找矿标志.西北地质,2002,35(4):65～84
[147] 杨建民,毛景文,张招崇,等.祁连桦树沟铁铜矿床床成因类型及成矿机制探讨.矿床地质,1998,17(增刊):1019～1022
[148] 杨振升,变质岩区层状构造问题.中国区域地质,1989,1:1-13
[149] 余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与 SPSS 应用.人民邮电出版社,2003
[150] 袁见齐,朱上庆,翟裕生.矿床学.北京:地质出版社,1979,
[151] 翟裕生,彭润民,向运川,等.区域成矿学研究方法指南.中国地质大学出版社,2003
[152] 翟裕生,邓军,崔彬等.成矿系统及综合地质异常.现代地质,1999,13(1):99～104
[153] 翟裕生,邓军,宋鸿林,等.同生断层对层控超大型矿床的控制. 中国科学,1998,28(3): 214～218
[154] 翟裕生,邓军,彭润民.中国区域成矿若干问题探讨.矿床地质,1999,18(4):323～332
[155] 翟裕生,彭润民,邓军,等.成矿系统分析与新类型矿床预测.地学前缘. 2000,7(1):123～132
[156] 翟裕生,区域成矿学研究问题.矿床地质,1998,17(增刊):253～258
[157] 翟裕生,成矿系统的结构框架和基本类型.见:资源环境与可持续发展.科学出版社.,1999,77～82
[158] 翟裕生,论成矿系统.地学前缘,1999,6(1):13～28
[159] 翟裕生,成矿系统及其演化—初步实践到理论思考.地球科学,2000,25(4):333～339
[160] 翟裕生,邓军,李晓波.区域成矿学.地质出版社,1999
[161] 翟裕生.区域成矿学研究问题.矿床地质,1998,17:253～258
[162] 翟裕生,姚书振,崔彬,等.成矿系列研究.中国地质大学出版社,1996
[163] 翟裕生,张湖,宋鸿林,等.大型构造与超大型矿床.北京:地质出版社,1997
[164] 翟裕生,等.古陆边缘成矿系统.地质出版社,2002
[165] 张建新,许志琴,陈文,等.北祁连中段俯冲增生杂岩 /火山弧的时代探讨.岩石矿物杂志,1997.,(2):112～119
[166] 张理刚.稳定同位素在地球科学中的应用.西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1985
[167] 张新虎, 苟国朝, 展积宝.北祁连地区主要金属矿床成矿系列及区域成矿作用.地球科学进展,1997,12(4):331～338
[168] 张彦杰,黄增宝,北祁连西段香毛山一带早—中寒武世基性火山岩基本特征及其成因.西北地质,2003,36(1):25～29
[169] 张招崇,毛景文,杨建民,等.北祁连山西段早奥陶世阴沟群火山岩的构造背景.岩石矿物学杂志.,1997,16(3):193～200
[170] 张招崇,毛景文,左国朝.北祁连山西段早元古代变质火山岩的地球化学特征及其构造背景.矿物岩石,1998,18(4):22～30
[171] 张招崇,毛景文,杨建民,等.北祁连西段早奥陶世阴沟群火山岩的构造背景.岩石矿物学杂志,1997,16(3):193～200
[172] 张招崇,毛景文,左国朝,等.北祁连西段中元古代蛇绿岩的发现及其意义.矿物岩石地球化学通报,1998,17(2):114～117
[173] 张招崇,毛景文,Zhou M.,等.北祁连西段熬油沟蛇绿岩 SHRIMP 分析结果及地质意义.岩 石学报,2001,17(2):222～226
[174] 赵东宏,杨合群,刘玉琳等.甘肃桦树沟铁铜矿床床成矿年龄讨论. 矿床地质,2003,22(2):136～139
[175] 赵东宏,杨合群,于浦生.甘肃桦树沟蚀变岩型铜矿床的地质特征及成矿作用讨论.西北地质.2002,35(3):76～82
[176] 赵伦山,张本仁.地球化学.北京:地质出版社,1988
[177] 中国冶金地质勘查工程总局西北局五队.甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县镜铁山铁矿桦树沟矿区14—2 线补充勘探暨 10—2 线铜矿详查报告,1996
[178] 中国冶金地质勘查工程总局西北地质勘查院,甘肃祁连山西段以镜铁山式矿床为主的铜铁金矿资源调查成果报告,2002
[179] 周涛发,岳书仓,刘因,等.甘肃桦树沟(铁)铜矿稀土元素及硫同位素地球化学意义.安徽地质,1996,6(3):57～62
[180] 朱裕生,肖克炎.成矿预测方法.地质出版社,1997
[181] 左国朝.北祁连地区早古生代最有利条件碰撞缝合作用.见:唐克东主编.中国北方板块构造文集(1).地质出版社,1986,27～35
[182] 左国朝, 刘寄陈.北祁连早古生代大地构造演化. 地球科学, 1987,14～24
[183] 左国朝, 刘义科,张崇.北祁连中西段造山带陆壳残群构造属性特征. 地球科学, 2002, (39):303～321
[184] 左国朝, 王彦斌吴,汉泉,等.祁连地区蛇纹岩划分及其构造意义,见:张旗主编.蛇纹岩与地球动力学研究,地质出版社,1996,129～134
[185] 左国朝,吴汉泉.北祁连中段路段早古生代双向俯冲—碰撞造山模式剖析.地球科学进展, 1997,12(4):215～232
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |