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富含核黄素营养酵母的研究
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摘要
本论文对酵母胞内核黄素的测定,产核黄素酵母出发菌株的选择,富含核黄素酵母菌株的诱变育种、发酵培养基和发酵工艺条件的优化等进行了研究。
     通过对三种核黄素测定方法的比较,表明荧光光度法在测定酵母胞内核黄素含量时,响应值与核黄素含量之间有良好的线性关系,重现性好、准确度高、受提取液体系影响小,是测定酵母胞内核黄素含量最适的测定方法。通过对两种酵母胞内核黄素提取方法的研究表明:高压蒸煮法是一种有效的提取酵母胞内核黄素的方法,能将酵母胞内的核黄素充分提取出来。
     对六株酵母菌进行了生长速率、生物量、自溶浸出率、核酸含量以及粗蛋白含量的比较,确定了核黄素含量和自溶率较高,在粗蛋白含量、生长速率、核酸含量等指标比较适中的RY-3菌株作为诱变出发菌株。
     通过P-B析因试验,找出了对酵母胞内核黄素积累有显著影响的因子为生物素、磷酸二氢钾、溶氧水平。通过均匀设计试验,对影响酵母生长的微量元素进行了优化,确定了金属离子的最适添加量为:MgSO_4·7H_2O1.1g/L,COSO_4·7H_2O 28mg/L,CuSO_4·5H_2O 0.01mg/L,MnCl_2 0.02mg/L,ZnSO_4·7H_2O 34mg/L,FeSO_4·7H_2O 14mg/L。
     对RY-3菌株进行了发酵条件优化试验,试验表明:发酵液的溶氧水平对酵母合成核黄素有显著影响,较高的溶氧水平有利于酵母胞内核黄素的累积。较低的发酵液初始pH值和较小的接种量对RY-3菌株累积胞内核黄素有利。
     根据代谢理论对RY-3菌株进行了紫外诱变并结合结构类似物抗性诱变,获得了一株具有8—氮鸟嘌呤抗性和寡霉素抗性的突变株,该菌株的生长速率和核黄素产量显著提高,核黄素产量比原菌株提高了79.97%,可达86.38mg/kg。
In the paper,determination of yeast intraceller riboflavin,selection of parent strain, breeding of yeast pruducing rich intraceller riboflavin as well as optimization of mediun and fermention conditions were studied.
    By comparison, it was shown that fluoroscopic method is the most suitable method in determinating intraceller riboflavin because of its good recurrence, veracity, linearity between response and content of riboflavin and is little affected by solution system and high- pressure steaming is a valid method of distilling intraceller riboflavin.
    Indices of six strains of yeast including the riboflavin yield, nucleic acid and raw protein, autolytic ratio and biomass, were determined and compared. RY-3 with moderate growth ratio , biomass,nucleic acid and raw protein is choosen for parent strain because of its higher autolytic ratio and riboflavin yield.
    The factors with important influence on yeast intraceller riboflavin yield were dicided as biotin,K2HPO4and dissolved oxygen throuth P-B selecting-fator experiment. The optimal concentrations of metal ions in the medium were desided as MgSO4. 7H20 1. 1 g/L, CoSO-i. 7H? 28 mg/L, CuS(k 5H20 0. 01 mg/L, MnCl2O. 02 mg/L, ZnSOt. 7H20 34 mg/L, FeSO4. 7H20 14 mg/L throuth uniform design.
    The optimization of fermention conditions suggest that oxygen concertration has distint effect on riboflavin yield and higher oxygen concertration, lower preliminary pH and lesser inoculation is benefitful to riboflavin yield.
    A strain with growth ratio and riboflavin yield have been greatly increased is obtained throuth mutation,its riboflavin yield has increased by 79.97%,can reach 86.38 mg/kg.
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