7.5kW开关磁阻起动/发电平台研发
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摘要
随着多电飞机和全电飞机技术的不断发展,双通道270V高压直流电源将成为新一代飞机的首选电源系统。开关磁阻电机具有结构简单、成本低、容错性高、功率密度高以及高速运行能力,并且它能方便地实现起动和发电双功能,因此,目前它越来越广泛的应用于航空和汽车上的起动/发电系统,并具有很大的发展潜力。本文主要研究了开关磁阻电机起动/发电系统的建模仿真、开关磁阻发电机双通道容错性能研究以及基于TMS320LF2407A数字信号处理器的系统实现,完成的主要工作如下:
(1)利用ANSYS软件仿真计算出开关磁阻电机的电感和磁链函数,并在磁化曲线簇的基础上运用MATLAB/SIMULINK软件建立7.5kW开关磁阻发电机系统的非线性仿真模型。通过仿真对开关磁阻发电机系统的稳态特性、动态特性以及电机故障进行了分析,从理论上验证了开关磁阻电机具有高容错性能;
(2)建立12/8结构双通道开关磁阻发电机系统的数学模型,仿真分析不同工作模式下绕组电感和不同通道间绕组互感对电机性能的影响。提出一种新的绕组连接方案,实现了两个通道之间的解耦,以提高系统单通道容错运行时的电机性能。最后试验验证了理论和仿真分析的正确性以及该方案的有效性;
(3)介绍了基于数字信号处理器平台的开关磁阻起动/发电系统的硬件电路设计及软件实现,并在小功率样机上进行了试验验证。
With the technique development of MEA and AEA, the two-channel 270V high voltage direct current electrical source will serve as the power system of the new generation airplane. Switched reluctance motor(SRM) is simplicity, low cost, high fault tolerance, high power density and high speed capability, and it can realize dual function of both starter and generator easily. So now it widely applies to starter/generator(S/G) system for aviation and automobile, and has great potential. The modelization and simulation of SRG, fault-tolerant performance of two-channel SRM and the driver system based on DSP TMS320LF2407A are studied in this thesis. The main tasks include:
(1) SRM inductance function and flux linkage function are derived from ANSYS which is used for electromagnetic field analysis. Based on the motor flux linkage versus current and rotor position, the nonlinear simulation model of SRG is established by MATLAB/SIMULINK. It also analyses the steady performance, dynamic performance and motor malfunctions by simulation in this nonlinear model. It proves that SRM has good fault tolerance performance.
(2) Based on an analysis of the mathematical model of 12/8 structure of the SRG, windings inductance and mutual inductance on different working status are analyzed and researched by simulation. In this paper, a new windings connection mode is proposed to get the decoupling between double channels and improve its capability of single-channel fault tolerant operation mode. Experiment results validate this theory.
(3) The designs of the hardware and software of the SRG based on DSP TMS320LF2407A are introduced. The results of experiment verified that the designs of the hardware and software are feasible.
(1)利用ANSYS软件仿真计算出开关磁阻电机的电感和磁链函数,并在磁化曲线簇的基础上运用MATLAB/SIMULINK软件建立7.5kW开关磁阻发电机系统的非线性仿真模型。通过仿真对开关磁阻发电机系统的稳态特性、动态特性以及电机故障进行了分析,从理论上验证了开关磁阻电机具有高容错性能;
(2)建立12/8结构双通道开关磁阻发电机系统的数学模型,仿真分析不同工作模式下绕组电感和不同通道间绕组互感对电机性能的影响。提出一种新的绕组连接方案,实现了两个通道之间的解耦,以提高系统单通道容错运行时的电机性能。最后试验验证了理论和仿真分析的正确性以及该方案的有效性;
(3)介绍了基于数字信号处理器平台的开关磁阻起动/发电系统的硬件电路设计及软件实现,并在小功率样机上进行了试验验证。
With the technique development of MEA and AEA, the two-channel 270V high voltage direct current electrical source will serve as the power system of the new generation airplane. Switched reluctance motor(SRM) is simplicity, low cost, high fault tolerance, high power density and high speed capability, and it can realize dual function of both starter and generator easily. So now it widely applies to starter/generator(S/G) system for aviation and automobile, and has great potential. The modelization and simulation of SRG, fault-tolerant performance of two-channel SRM and the driver system based on DSP TMS320LF2407A are studied in this thesis. The main tasks include:
(1) SRM inductance function and flux linkage function are derived from ANSYS which is used for electromagnetic field analysis. Based on the motor flux linkage versus current and rotor position, the nonlinear simulation model of SRG is established by MATLAB/SIMULINK. It also analyses the steady performance, dynamic performance and motor malfunctions by simulation in this nonlinear model. It proves that SRM has good fault tolerance performance.
(2) Based on an analysis of the mathematical model of 12/8 structure of the SRG, windings inductance and mutual inductance on different working status are analyzed and researched by simulation. In this paper, a new windings connection mode is proposed to get the decoupling between double channels and improve its capability of single-channel fault tolerant operation mode. Experiment results validate this theory.
(3) The designs of the hardware and software of the SRG based on DSP TMS320LF2407A are introduced. The results of experiment verified that the designs of the hardware and software are feasible.
引文
[1]李声晋 卢刚 马瑞卿, 开关磁阻组合起动机/发电机设计及试验, 中国电机工程学报, 2000,Vol.20 (2):10~14
[2]K.T.Chau, Qiang Sun, Ying Fan, et al. Torque ripple minimization of doubly salient permanent-magnet motors, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2005, 20(2): 352~358
[3]严仰光, 飞机高压直流电气系统的构成与发展, 第二届电力电子与运动控制学术年会, 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2001:1~8
[4]张兰红 胡育文 黄文新, 异步电机起动/发电系统起动向发电的转换研究, 航空学报, 2005, Vol.26 (3):357~362.
[5]张兰红 胡育文 黄文新, 采用瞬时转矩控制策略的异步发电系统的容错研究, 航空学报, 2005, Vol.26 (5):567~573
[6]刘闯 朱学忠 刘迪吉,开关磁阻起动/发电机系统研究现状及趋势,第四届电力电子与运动控制学术年会,南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2003:1~7
[7]S.R.MacMinn, W.D.Jones, A Very High Speed Switched Reluctance Starter/generator for Aircraft Engine Application, Aerospace and Electronics conference, 1989, Vol.4: 1758~1764
[8]C.A.Ferreira, S.R.Jones, W.S.Heglund, et al. Detailed Design of A 30-kW Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator System for A Gas Turbine Engine Application. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1995, Vol.31 (3): 553~561
[9]A.V.Radun, C.A.Ferreira, E.Richter, Two Channel Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator Results, IEEE Transactions on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1997, Vol.1: 546~552
[10]A.V.Radun, E.Richter, A Detailed Power Inverter Design for a 250 kW Switched Reluctance Aircraft Engine Starter/Generator, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1995, Vol.1: 314~321
[11]E.Richter, C.A.Ferreira, Performance Evaluation of A 250 kW Switched Reluctance Starter Generator, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1995, Vol.1: 434~440
[12]P.Charl, H.Winston, Magnetic Bearing Controls for A High-speed, High-power Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM) Starter/generator, SAE 2000 San Diego, 2000
[13]A.V.Radum, “High Power Desity Switched Reluctance Motor Drive for Aeroplace Applications,” Proceedings:IEEE IAS Annual Meeting ,1989, vol.1: 568~573
[14]刘闯 朱学忠 刘迪吉, 6kW 开关磁阻起动/发电机系统设计与实现, 南京航空航天大学学报, 2000,Vol.16 (1):1~5
[15]刘闯 朱学忠 李磊等,开关磁阻发电机的脉宽调制控制, 南京航空航天大学学报, 2000, Vol.32(3):245~250
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[17]李声晋 卢刚 李钟明等,4kW 开关磁阻发电机, 西北工业大学学报, 1999, Vol.17(2):327~330
[18]刘迪吉 曲民兴 朱学忠等,开关磁阻发电机, 南京航空航天大学学报, 2003, Vol.35(2):1~6
[19]王东辉等,开关磁阻发电机相电流理论解析, 中小型电机, 1999, Vol.26(5):4~8
[20]T.Lachman, I.R.Moharmad, S.P.Teo, Sensorless Position Estimation of Switched Reluctance Motors Using Artificial Neural Networks, IEEE International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Signal Processing, 2003, Vol.1:220~225
[21]Liu Chuang, Yan Yangguang, Realization of SRG Position Sensorless Technique with Current Chopping Mode, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,2001, Vol.2: 1236~1239
[22]陈新 郑洪涛 蒋静坪, 基于 MATLAB 的开关磁阻电动机非线性动态模型仿真, 电气传动, 2002, Vol(6):52~53
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[26]张慧 潘再平 开关磁阻发电机电感的非线性数学模型与应用, 中小型电机, 2003, Vol.30(3):6~9
[27]李晓艳 王旭东 周永勤等,12/8 极开关磁阻电机非线性建模与动态仿真,电机与控制学报,2005,Vol. 9(4):321-325
[28]Liu Chang, Yan Jiagen, Zhu Xuezhong, Investigation and Practice for Basic Theory of Switched Reluctance Generators, Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2005, Vol.1: 575~579
[29]蒋冬青 朱学忠 曹志亮, 开关磁阻调速电动机的单片机控制的研究与实践,微电机技术创新与成果应用技术交流会,青岛,2004
[30]Stiebler M, LIU Ke, An Analysis Model of Switched Reluctance Machines, IEEE Transactions On Energy Conversion, 1999, Vol.14 (4): 1100~1105
[31]朱学忠等,开关磁阻电机发电运行的角度位置控制,南京航空航天大学学报,2001, Vol.33(1):64~67
[32]刘闯,开关磁阻电机起动/发电系统理论研究与工程实践,[博士学位论文], 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2000
[33]吴韬, 小功率开关磁阻发电系统的理论研究与实践, [硕士学位论文], 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2003
[34]Wu Tao, Zhu xuezhong, Liu Diji, Researched of Reinforced Excitation Scheme for The Switched Reluctance Generator, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2003, Vol.15(4): 234~238
[35]Charles M. Stephens, Fault Detection and Management System for Fault Tolerant Switched Reluctance Motor Drives, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting,1989, Vol.1: 574~578
[36]严利, 基于 MATLAB/SIMULINK 开关磁阻电机非线性建模方法研究与实践, [硕士学位论文], 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2005
[37]Natalia S. Gameiro, A.J.M.Cardoso, Analysis of SRM Drives Behaviour Under the Occurrence of Power Converter Faults, IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2003, Vol.2: 821~825
[38]刘震 林辉 司利云, 开关磁阻发电系统的故障分析及仿真, 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2005, Vol.17(5):7~11
[39]Caio Ferreira, Eike Richter, About Channel Independence for Multi Channel Switched Reluctance Generating Systems, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1996, Vol.2: 816~822
[40]Arthur V.Radun, Caio A.Ferreira, Eike Richter, Two-Channel Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator Results, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1998, Vol.34(5): 1026~1034
[41]Online help of Jmag-Studio,The Japan Research Institute Limited, 2004
[42]周强 唐超 朱学忠, JMAG-Studio 软件在开关磁阻电机电磁分析中的应用,第五届电力电子与运动控制学术年会, 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2004:392~396
[43]王晓明 王玲, 电动机的 DSP 控制,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2004:91~112
[44]刘和平 严利平 张学锋 卓清锋,TMS320LF240x DSP 结构、原理及应用,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002:15~48
[45]李甘林 孙玉坤,基于TMS320F240的开关磁阻电机调速系统设计,半导体技术,2002,第9期:38～41
[46]陆瑞强 廖裕评,CPLD 数字电路设计,北京,清华大学出版社,2001:89~131
[47]林明权,VHDL数字控制系统设计范例,北京,电子工业出版社,2003:67~79
[48]Wenzha Lu, Ali Keyhani, Sensorless Control of Switched Reluctance Motors Using Sliding Mode Observers, IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference, 2001, 69~72
[49]H.J.Guo, M.Takahashi, T.Watanable, A New Sensorless Drive Method of Switched Reluctance Motors Based on Motor’s Magnetic Characteristics, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2001, Vol.37(4): 2831~2833
[50]杨波 曹家勇等,无位置传感器的 SRD 调速系统的初始位置检测,中国电机工程学报,2002, Vol.22(12):101~105
[51]苏宝平 全力,基于 DSP 的开关磁阻电机无位置传感器控制系统设计,计算机测量与控制,2004, Vol.12(9):846~848
[52]詹琼华,开关磁阻电机绕组连接方式的研究,电机与控制学报,2002, Vol.37(4):93~95
[2]K.T.Chau, Qiang Sun, Ying Fan, et al. Torque ripple minimization of doubly salient permanent-magnet motors, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2005, 20(2): 352~358
[3]严仰光, 飞机高压直流电气系统的构成与发展, 第二届电力电子与运动控制学术年会, 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2001:1~8
[4]张兰红 胡育文 黄文新, 异步电机起动/发电系统起动向发电的转换研究, 航空学报, 2005, Vol.26 (3):357~362.
[5]张兰红 胡育文 黄文新, 采用瞬时转矩控制策略的异步发电系统的容错研究, 航空学报, 2005, Vol.26 (5):567~573
[6]刘闯 朱学忠 刘迪吉,开关磁阻起动/发电机系统研究现状及趋势,第四届电力电子与运动控制学术年会,南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2003:1~7
[7]S.R.MacMinn, W.D.Jones, A Very High Speed Switched Reluctance Starter/generator for Aircraft Engine Application, Aerospace and Electronics conference, 1989, Vol.4: 1758~1764
[8]C.A.Ferreira, S.R.Jones, W.S.Heglund, et al. Detailed Design of A 30-kW Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator System for A Gas Turbine Engine Application. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1995, Vol.31 (3): 553~561
[9]A.V.Radun, C.A.Ferreira, E.Richter, Two Channel Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator Results, IEEE Transactions on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1997, Vol.1: 546~552
[10]A.V.Radun, E.Richter, A Detailed Power Inverter Design for a 250 kW Switched Reluctance Aircraft Engine Starter/Generator, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1995, Vol.1: 314~321
[11]E.Richter, C.A.Ferreira, Performance Evaluation of A 250 kW Switched Reluctance Starter Generator, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1995, Vol.1: 434~440
[12]P.Charl, H.Winston, Magnetic Bearing Controls for A High-speed, High-power Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM) Starter/generator, SAE 2000 San Diego, 2000
[13]A.V.Radum, “High Power Desity Switched Reluctance Motor Drive for Aeroplace Applications,” Proceedings:IEEE IAS Annual Meeting ,1989, vol.1: 568~573
[14]刘闯 朱学忠 刘迪吉, 6kW 开关磁阻起动/发电机系统设计与实现, 南京航空航天大学学报, 2000,Vol.16 (1):1~5
[15]刘闯 朱学忠 李磊等,开关磁阻发电机的脉宽调制控制, 南京航空航天大学学报, 2000, Vol.32(3):245~250
[16]严加根,航空高压直流开关磁阻起动/发电机系统的研究,[博士学位论文], 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2006
[17]李声晋 卢刚 李钟明等,4kW 开关磁阻发电机, 西北工业大学学报, 1999, Vol.17(2):327~330
[18]刘迪吉 曲民兴 朱学忠等,开关磁阻发电机, 南京航空航天大学学报, 2003, Vol.35(2):1~6
[19]王东辉等,开关磁阻发电机相电流理论解析, 中小型电机, 1999, Vol.26(5):4~8
[20]T.Lachman, I.R.Moharmad, S.P.Teo, Sensorless Position Estimation of Switched Reluctance Motors Using Artificial Neural Networks, IEEE International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Systems and Signal Processing, 2003, Vol.1:220~225
[21]Liu Chuang, Yan Yangguang, Realization of SRG Position Sensorless Technique with Current Chopping Mode, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems,2001, Vol.2: 1236~1239
[22]陈新 郑洪涛 蒋静坪, 基于 MATLAB 的开关磁阻电动机非线性动态模型仿真, 电气传动, 2002, Vol(6):52~53
[23]苏晓生, 掌握 MATLAB6.0 及其工程应用, 北京,科学出版社, 2002:18~32
[24]欧阳黎明, MATLAB 控制系统设计, 北京, 国防工业出版社, 2001:41~63
[25]田茂昕 马志源 詹琼华, 基于 MATLAB 的开关磁阻发电机数字仿真,中小型电机, Vol.28(2):13~17
[26]张慧 潘再平 开关磁阻发电机电感的非线性数学模型与应用, 中小型电机, 2003, Vol.30(3):6~9
[27]李晓艳 王旭东 周永勤等,12/8 极开关磁阻电机非线性建模与动态仿真,电机与控制学报,2005,Vol. 9(4):321-325
[28]Liu Chang, Yan Jiagen, Zhu Xuezhong, Investigation and Practice for Basic Theory of Switched Reluctance Generators, Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2005, Vol.1: 575~579
[29]蒋冬青 朱学忠 曹志亮, 开关磁阻调速电动机的单片机控制的研究与实践,微电机技术创新与成果应用技术交流会,青岛,2004
[30]Stiebler M, LIU Ke, An Analysis Model of Switched Reluctance Machines, IEEE Transactions On Energy Conversion, 1999, Vol.14 (4): 1100~1105
[31]朱学忠等,开关磁阻电机发电运行的角度位置控制,南京航空航天大学学报,2001, Vol.33(1):64~67
[32]刘闯,开关磁阻电机起动/发电系统理论研究与工程实践,[博士学位论文], 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2000
[33]吴韬, 小功率开关磁阻发电系统的理论研究与实践, [硕士学位论文], 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2003
[34]Wu Tao, Zhu xuezhong, Liu Diji, Researched of Reinforced Excitation Scheme for The Switched Reluctance Generator, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2003, Vol.15(4): 234~238
[35]Charles M. Stephens, Fault Detection and Management System for Fault Tolerant Switched Reluctance Motor Drives, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting,1989, Vol.1: 574~578
[36]严利, 基于 MATLAB/SIMULINK 开关磁阻电机非线性建模方法研究与实践, [硕士学位论文], 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2005
[37]Natalia S. Gameiro, A.J.M.Cardoso, Analysis of SRM Drives Behaviour Under the Occurrence of Power Converter Faults, IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2003, Vol.2: 821~825
[38]刘震 林辉 司利云, 开关磁阻发电系统的故障分析及仿真, 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2005, Vol.17(5):7~11
[39]Caio Ferreira, Eike Richter, About Channel Independence for Multi Channel Switched Reluctance Generating Systems, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1996, Vol.2: 816~822
[40]Arthur V.Radun, Caio A.Ferreira, Eike Richter, Two-Channel Switched Reluctance Starter/Generator Results, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1998, Vol.34(5): 1026~1034
[41]Online help of Jmag-Studio,The Japan Research Institute Limited, 2004
[42]周强 唐超 朱学忠, JMAG-Studio 软件在开关磁阻电机电磁分析中的应用,第五届电力电子与运动控制学术年会, 南京, 南京航空航天大学, 2004:392~396
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