茖葱的化学成分研究
摘要
茖葱(Allium Victorialis L．)为百合科葱属植物，其性微温，味辛，无毒，归肺经；具有辛散温通，芳香辟秽，用于风寒感冒，呕恶胀满之症。因茖葱有药理作用，而且无毒可食，近年来茖葱作为绿色食品，市场前景非常看好。
本文对茖葱鳞茎的化学成分进行提取分离和结构鉴定研究。实验过程中对茖葱鳞茎的70％乙醇的提取物，进行乙酸乙酯萃取，萃取物经聚酰胺柱层析，水洗，30％乙醇洗脱，50％乙醇洗脱，95％乙醇洗脱。选择水洗物，30％乙醇洗脱物和50％乙醇洗脱物干燥后分别进行硅胶柱层析得到四个化合物。根据它们的理化性质和各种光谱(~1H-NMR，~(13)C-NMR，EI-MS等)数据的解析，确定四种化合物分别是胡萝卜苷(1)，原儿茶酸(2)，山奈酚(3)，1—0—十六烷酸甘油酯(4)。四种化合物均为首次从茖葱鳞茎中获得。
本文的研究结果有重要的理论价值，同时也为进一步开发利用茖葱提供一定的化学物质基础。
Alpine leek is the dried bulb of Allium victorialis L., belongs to the family of Liiiaceae.The herb is some warm and pungent in flavour, no toxin and enters lung meridian. It is used to cure common cold to due to wind-cold pathogen. Because of its pharmacological action and characteristic of no toxin, Alpine leek has already been a kind of vegetable, an organic food, so it has well development in future.
The article researched chemical constituents extraction, isolation and identification. The bulb of A. victorialis eluted by 70% EtOH(X3).The ethyl acetate fraction from the EtOH extract of the bulb of the herb was chromatographed successively on polyamid and silica gel to afford four compounds. Using the spectra of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and EI-MS, we have identified chemical structures of four compounds: Daucosterol(l); Protocatechuicacid (2); Kamperol(3); l-O-hexadecanolenin(4).The four compounds were isolated from A. victorialis for the first time.
The result of this article not only has important value in theory, but providing chemical constituents foundation for future study.
本文对茖葱鳞茎的化学成分进行提取分离和结构鉴定研究。实验过程中对茖葱鳞茎的70％乙醇的提取物，进行乙酸乙酯萃取，萃取物经聚酰胺柱层析，水洗，30％乙醇洗脱，50％乙醇洗脱，95％乙醇洗脱。选择水洗物，30％乙醇洗脱物和50％乙醇洗脱物干燥后分别进行硅胶柱层析得到四个化合物。根据它们的理化性质和各种光谱(~1H-NMR，~(13)C-NMR，EI-MS等)数据的解析，确定四种化合物分别是胡萝卜苷(1)，原儿茶酸(2)，山奈酚(3)，1—0—十六烷酸甘油酯(4)。四种化合物均为首次从茖葱鳞茎中获得。
本文的研究结果有重要的理论价值，同时也为进一步开发利用茖葱提供一定的化学物质基础。
Alpine leek is the dried bulb of Allium victorialis L., belongs to the family of Liiiaceae.The herb is some warm and pungent in flavour, no toxin and enters lung meridian. It is used to cure common cold to due to wind-cold pathogen. Because of its pharmacological action and characteristic of no toxin, Alpine leek has already been a kind of vegetable, an organic food, so it has well development in future.
The article researched chemical constituents extraction, isolation and identification. The bulb of A. victorialis eluted by 70% EtOH(X3).The ethyl acetate fraction from the EtOH extract of the bulb of the herb was chromatographed successively on polyamid and silica gel to afford four compounds. Using the spectra of 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and EI-MS, we have identified chemical structures of four compounds: Daucosterol(l); Protocatechuicacid (2); Kamperol(3); l-O-hexadecanolenin(4).The four compounds were isolated from A. victorialis for the first time.
The result of this article not only has important value in theory, but providing chemical constituents foundation for future study.
引文
[1]．康兴军．充分认识传统中医药在西部开发中的优势．中医药管理杂志，2000，10(5)：33-34
[2]．巴俊杰，张春丽，高建萍，等．沙葱营养成分分析．内蒙古农业大学学报，2002，23(4)：113—114
[3]．黄泰康，丁志遵，赵守训等主编《现代本草纲目》(下卷)．中国医药科技出版社(2001年版)1823页
[4]．朱有昌主编．《东北药用植物》．黑龙江科学技术出版社，1998：135-136
[5]．冉先德主编《中华药海》(下卷)第二册．哈尔滨出版社，1998：1292页
[6]. Akashi, kazutaka; Nishimus, hiroyuki. Mechanism of enzymic development of flavor in food Ⅱ. Agriculture Biology Chemical 1975, 39(7) 1507-1508(Eng)
[7]. Lim, Sang-cheol; Par, Hee-Jun; Yun, Sei-young. Structures of flavonoids and furostanol glucoside isolated from the bulbs of Allium Victorialis L. Hanguk Wonye Hakhoechi 1996, 37(5): 675-679(Korean)
[8]. Adersen, Oeyvind M;Fossen, Torgils. Antho cyanins with an unusual acylation pattern from stem of Allium victorialis. Phytochemistry 1995, 40(6):1809-1812(Eng)
[9]．刘丽娟，刘银燕，杨晓虹．葱属植物甾体化合物及黄酮化合物的研究进展．中国药学杂志2000，35(6)：367
[10]. Tezuka, y.; Fan, W; Kasimu, R.; Kadota, Shigetoshi. Screening of crude drug extracts for prolyl dopeptidase inhibitory activity. Phytomedicine 1999, 6(3),197-203(Eng)
[11]. Takeichi, Mamoru; Nakamura, hideko; Nishimura, hiroyuki. Free sugars of Allium Victorialis. Nippon nogei kagaku kaishi 1973, 47(8), 491-495 (Japan)
[12]. Nishimura, Hiroyuki; Takahashi, Tomonari. Thermochemical transformation of sulfur compounds in Japanese domestic Allium, Allium Victoralis L.
[13]. Choi, Sang Tai; Lee, Joon Tak; Park, wooc hurl. Dormancy physiology softening culture and evaluation of nutritional value in the
Ulrung-nature Allium vitorialis var. platyphyllum. Han'guk Nonghwa Hakhoechi, 1993, 36(6): 502-509(Korean)
[14]. Kanazawa Toshinari; Seto, Susumu. Seasonal changes of nutrient content in Allium Victorialis L. ssp. platy phylum Hult. Engei Gakkai Zasshi 1991, 60(3): 635-042(Japan)
[15]. Xue, Hui min; Kanazawa, Toshi; Araki, Bajime. Callus formation and plant regeneration through in vitro culture of immature embryo and seeding in Allium Victorialis. ssp. Platyllum hult. Shokubutsu Soshiki Baiyo, 1996,13(1):15-21(Japan)
[16]．赵怀清，王学娅，难波恒雄．茗葱中含硫化合物对培养心肌细胞的作用．药学学报 2000，35(1)：4～6
[17]．赵怀清，难波恒雄．茖葱浸膏及其化合物对培养心肌细胞的作用．沈阳药科大学学报，1999，16(4)：274
[18]. Nishimura, Hiroyuk; Wijaxa, C. Hann. Platelet aggregation inhibitory activity of vinyldithinins and their derivatives from Japanese domestic Allium (A. Victorialis). Food science Technology, 3rd, 1997,114-124(Eng)
[19]．桑圣民．中药韭菜子的化学成分研究．中国中药杂志，2000，25(5)：286
[20]．詹永成，薛德钧，万振先．叶下珠化学成分的研究．江西中医学院学报，1999，11(2)：79
[21]．徐志红，刘星揩，许光昇．蛇葡萄根化学成分的研究．中国中药杂志，1995，20(8)：484～512
[22]．秦海林．环草石斛的~1H-NMR指纹谱解析．中国中药杂志，2002，27(12)：919—923。
[23]．刘斌，陆蕴如．东方香蒲花粉化学成分研究．北京中医药大学学报，1998，21(2)：43-47
[24]．高锦明，张鞍灵，姚焕英，等．黄鳞多孔菌的化学成分研究．中国中药杂志，2003，28(10)：943—946
[25]．张涛，谢虹，阮金兰．马鞭草化学成分的分离与鉴定(Ⅱ)．武汉市职工医学院学报，2000，28(1)：27-29
[26]．顾正兵，梁华清等，景洪哥纳香胺的分离和结构鉴定．中草药，2000，31(12)：
885—886
[27]．李伟东，阚毓铭．刺果甘草化学成分的研究．南京中医药大学学报(自然科学版)，2000，16(4)：223—224
[2]．巴俊杰，张春丽，高建萍，等．沙葱营养成分分析．内蒙古农业大学学报，2002，23(4)：113—114
[3]．黄泰康，丁志遵，赵守训等主编《现代本草纲目》(下卷)．中国医药科技出版社(2001年版)1823页
[4]．朱有昌主编．《东北药用植物》．黑龙江科学技术出版社，1998：135-136
[5]．冉先德主编《中华药海》(下卷)第二册．哈尔滨出版社，1998：1292页
[6]. Akashi, kazutaka; Nishimus, hiroyuki. Mechanism of enzymic development of flavor in food Ⅱ. Agriculture Biology Chemical 1975, 39(7) 1507-1508(Eng)
[7]. Lim, Sang-cheol; Par, Hee-Jun; Yun, Sei-young. Structures of flavonoids and furostanol glucoside isolated from the bulbs of Allium Victorialis L. Hanguk Wonye Hakhoechi 1996, 37(5): 675-679(Korean)
[8]. Adersen, Oeyvind M;Fossen, Torgils. Antho cyanins with an unusual acylation pattern from stem of Allium victorialis. Phytochemistry 1995, 40(6):1809-1812(Eng)
[9]．刘丽娟，刘银燕，杨晓虹．葱属植物甾体化合物及黄酮化合物的研究进展．中国药学杂志2000，35(6)：367
[10]. Tezuka, y.; Fan, W; Kasimu, R.; Kadota, Shigetoshi. Screening of crude drug extracts for prolyl dopeptidase inhibitory activity. Phytomedicine 1999, 6(3),197-203(Eng)
[11]. Takeichi, Mamoru; Nakamura, hideko; Nishimura, hiroyuki. Free sugars of Allium Victorialis. Nippon nogei kagaku kaishi 1973, 47(8), 491-495 (Japan)
[12]. Nishimura, Hiroyuki; Takahashi, Tomonari. Thermochemical transformation of sulfur compounds in Japanese domestic Allium, Allium Victoralis L.
[13]. Choi, Sang Tai; Lee, Joon Tak; Park, wooc hurl. Dormancy physiology softening culture and evaluation of nutritional value in the
Ulrung-nature Allium vitorialis var. platyphyllum. Han'guk Nonghwa Hakhoechi, 1993, 36(6): 502-509(Korean)
[14]. Kanazawa Toshinari; Seto, Susumu. Seasonal changes of nutrient content in Allium Victorialis L. ssp. platy phylum Hult. Engei Gakkai Zasshi 1991, 60(3): 635-042(Japan)
[15]. Xue, Hui min; Kanazawa, Toshi; Araki, Bajime. Callus formation and plant regeneration through in vitro culture of immature embryo and seeding in Allium Victorialis. ssp. Platyllum hult. Shokubutsu Soshiki Baiyo, 1996,13(1):15-21(Japan)
[16]．赵怀清，王学娅，难波恒雄．茗葱中含硫化合物对培养心肌细胞的作用．药学学报 2000，35(1)：4～6
[17]．赵怀清，难波恒雄．茖葱浸膏及其化合物对培养心肌细胞的作用．沈阳药科大学学报，1999，16(4)：274
[18]. Nishimura, Hiroyuk; Wijaxa, C. Hann. Platelet aggregation inhibitory activity of vinyldithinins and their derivatives from Japanese domestic Allium (A. Victorialis). Food science Technology, 3rd, 1997,114-124(Eng)
[19]．桑圣民．中药韭菜子的化学成分研究．中国中药杂志，2000，25(5)：286
[20]．詹永成，薛德钧，万振先．叶下珠化学成分的研究．江西中医学院学报，1999，11(2)：79
[21]．徐志红，刘星揩，许光昇．蛇葡萄根化学成分的研究．中国中药杂志，1995，20(8)：484～512
[22]．秦海林．环草石斛的~1H-NMR指纹谱解析．中国中药杂志，2002，27(12)：919—923。
[23]．刘斌，陆蕴如．东方香蒲花粉化学成分研究．北京中医药大学学报，1998，21(2)：43-47
[24]．高锦明，张鞍灵，姚焕英，等．黄鳞多孔菌的化学成分研究．中国中药杂志，2003，28(10)：943—946
[25]．张涛，谢虹，阮金兰．马鞭草化学成分的分离与鉴定(Ⅱ)．武汉市职工医学院学报，2000，28(1)：27-29
[26]．顾正兵，梁华清等，景洪哥纳香胺的分离和结构鉴定．中草药，2000，31(12)：
885—886
[27]．李伟东，阚毓铭．刺果甘草化学成分的研究．南京中医药大学学报(自然科学版)，2000，16(4)：223—224