变风量空调系统解耦控制研究
|
摘要
变风量空调系统(Variable Air Volume Air Conditioning System)是根据末端负荷的变化随时调整送风机的转速,以此减少风机的损耗,达到节能目的的。目前变风量空调系统以其巨大的节能潜力越来越受关注,也被越来越多的应用于各种大型智能建筑中,但是,变风量系统又具有多变量、非线性、强耦合等特点,因此它的控制系统的设计与运行不易实现；另一方面,它的节能效果也需要长期运行才能显现出来,这在一定程度上也影响了变风量空调系统的发展和应用。
本论文主要研究变风量空调系统多个控制回路之间的解耦控制,对耦合对象进行分析研究,提出解耦控制方案,并通过仿真和实验验证方案的可行性。本论文选择两个末端温度和送风CO2浓度三个控制回路作为研究对象。首先,对耦合对象进行分析研究,设计了基于前馈补偿方法的解耦控制方案；其次设计实验,采集数据,建立耦合对象的数学模型,设计单神经元PID自适应控制器,并且通过MATLAB仿真研究,验证所设计的解耦控制方案和控制器的有效性；最后,以西安建筑科技大学智能建筑研究所变风量空调系统为实验平台,应用LabVIEW编写实验程序,验证了文中提出的解耦控制方案的可行性和有效性。仿真和实验结果基本满意,为实际工程中变风量空调系统的解耦控制应用提供了参考。
Variable Air Volume System (Variable Air Volume Air Conditioning System) achieves energy saving purposes, by adjusting blower speed based on changes of terminal load and reducing the loss of fans. In currently, because of its huge potential on energy saving, VAV system is increasingly popular in applications of intelligent building. But also, VAV system has some characteristics such as multivariable, nonlinear and strong coupling. So the design and operation of the system is hard to achieve. On the other hand, only after a long run, the advantages of VAV system can be shown, which also affect the development and application of VAV system.
In this paper, Attention is concentrated on studying the decoupling control of VAV system. Based on analyzing the coupled objects, a decoupling control network be designed, and its feasibility is verified by simulation and experiment. Two temperature control loops of terminals and an air concentration of carbon dioxide control loop are research objects of this paper. At first, a decoupling system, based on feed-forward compensation, has been designed. Secondly, based on experimental data, the mathematics model of coupling plants is built, the adaptive PID controller based on a Neural network is designed, and the feasibility of the decoupling control is verified by simulation. Lastly, based on VAV conditioning laboratory in Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, design experimental program to verify the effectively and feasibility of the decoupling control system. The results of simulation and experiment are not only satisfying but also provide a reference for practical engineering application.
本论文主要研究变风量空调系统多个控制回路之间的解耦控制,对耦合对象进行分析研究,提出解耦控制方案,并通过仿真和实验验证方案的可行性。本论文选择两个末端温度和送风CO2浓度三个控制回路作为研究对象。首先,对耦合对象进行分析研究,设计了基于前馈补偿方法的解耦控制方案；其次设计实验,采集数据,建立耦合对象的数学模型,设计单神经元PID自适应控制器,并且通过MATLAB仿真研究,验证所设计的解耦控制方案和控制器的有效性；最后,以西安建筑科技大学智能建筑研究所变风量空调系统为实验平台,应用LabVIEW编写实验程序,验证了文中提出的解耦控制方案的可行性和有效性。仿真和实验结果基本满意,为实际工程中变风量空调系统的解耦控制应用提供了参考。
Variable Air Volume System (Variable Air Volume Air Conditioning System) achieves energy saving purposes, by adjusting blower speed based on changes of terminal load and reducing the loss of fans. In currently, because of its huge potential on energy saving, VAV system is increasingly popular in applications of intelligent building. But also, VAV system has some characteristics such as multivariable, nonlinear and strong coupling. So the design and operation of the system is hard to achieve. On the other hand, only after a long run, the advantages of VAV system can be shown, which also affect the development and application of VAV system.
In this paper, Attention is concentrated on studying the decoupling control of VAV system. Based on analyzing the coupled objects, a decoupling control network be designed, and its feasibility is verified by simulation and experiment. Two temperature control loops of terminals and an air concentration of carbon dioxide control loop are research objects of this paper. At first, a decoupling system, based on feed-forward compensation, has been designed. Secondly, based on experimental data, the mathematics model of coupling plants is built, the adaptive PID controller based on a Neural network is designed, and the feasibility of the decoupling control is verified by simulation. Lastly, based on VAV conditioning laboratory in Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, design experimental program to verify the effectively and feasibility of the decoupling control system. The results of simulation and experiment are not only satisfying but also provide a reference for practical engineering application.
引文
[1]胡寿松,自动控制原理[M],科学出版社,2001
[2]郭阳宽王正林,过程控制工程及仿真[M],电子工业出版社,2009
[3]刘金琨,先进PID控制MATLAB仿真[M],电子工业出版社,2004
[4]陶永华,新型PID控制及其应用[M],机械工业出版社,2002
[5]F.G..Shinskey著,萧德云 吕伯明译,过程控制系统—应用、设计与整定[M],清华大学出版社,2004
[6]王永初,解耦控制系统[M],四川科学技术出版社,1985
[7]陈夕松汪木兰,过程控制系统[M],科学出版社,2005
[8]李国勇谢克明,控制系统数字仿真与CAD[M],电子工业出版社,2003
[9]刘兴堂,应用自适应控制[M],西北工业大学出版社,2002
[10]徐湘元,自适应控制理论及应用[M],电子工业出版社,2006
[11]王正林,王胜开,陈国顺,MATLAB/Simulink与控制系统仿真[M],电子工业出版社,2005
[12]王军,基于Lonworks技术的变风量空调多变量解耦控制的研究[D],西安建筑科技大学博士毕业论文,2003
[13]胡钦华,变风量(VAV)空调系统机组部分基于神经网络α阶逆系统的解耦控制[D],西安建筑科技大学硕士论文,2003
[14]王军石磊刘盛定任庆昌,在变风量空调控制中应用神经元解耦控制技术[J],自动化仪表,2003(4)：45-48
[15]许静,变风量空调系统末端部分基于自适应线性神经元的前馈解耦控制[M],西安建筑科技大学硕士毕业论文,2005
[16]许静任庆昌,VAV系统送风管道静压神经元网络控制的仿真研究[J],计算机仿真,2004(8)：108-110
[17]许静任庆昌,VAV系统送风管道静压的线性神经元网络补偿控制[J],暖通空调,2004(7)：19-22
[18]李明林永君马永光,自适应神经元非模型多变量系统解耦控制[J],计算机仿真,2003(3):68-71
[19]刘宏才,系统辨识与参数估计[M],冶金工业出版社,1999
[20]王秀峰,卢桂章,系统建模与辨识[M],电子工业出版社,2003
[21]方崇智,萧德云,过程辨识[M],清华大学出版社,2001
[22]于浩洋,初红霞,王希凤等,MATLAB实用教程-控制系统仿真与应用[M],化学工业出版社,2009
[23]吴士昌,吴忠强,自适应控制,机械工业出版社[M],2005
[24]李言俊,张科,自适应控制理论及应用[M],西北工业大学出版社,2005
[25]徐丽娜,神经网络控制(第三版)[M],电子工业出版社,2009
[26]刘文定,王东林,过程控制系统的MATLAB仿真[M],机械工业出版社,2009
[27]张云生,祝晓红,自适应控制器设计及应用[M],国防工业出版社,2005
[28]陈锡辉,张银鸿,LabVIEW8.20程序设计从入门到精通[M],清华大学出版社,2007
[29]席爱民,计算机控制系统[M],陕西科学技术出版社,2004
[30]安大伟,任庆昌,暖通空调系统自动化[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[31]闻新,周露,李翔,等.MATLAB神经网络仿真与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[32]闫秀英 任庆昌 孟庆龙,一种自校正PID控制器设计与仿真研究[J],系统仿真学报,2006,(8)：753-756
[33]王军王雁邵惠鹤,前馈补偿法在空调系统控制中的应用[J],上海交通大学学报,2005,(2)：242-246.
[34]郭芳瑞,最优控制理论[M],西安建筑科技大学,2006
[35]陈在平,杜太行等,控制系统计算机仿真与CAD[M],天津大学出版社,2003
[36]邵裕森,戴先中,过程控制工程[M],机械工业出版社,2004
[37]郭芳瑞,现场总线技术[M],西安建筑科技大学,2006
[38]董宁,自适应控制[M],北京理工大学出版社,2009
[39]叶大法,杨国荣,变风量空调系统设计[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2007
[40]Lennart Ljung, System Identification—Theory for the User[M], Second Edition 2002
[41]Hanchu Li, Chidambar Gannesh, David R. Munoz, Optimal control of duct pressure in HVAC systems[J]. ASHRAE Trans,1996,102(2):170-174
[42]Avery, Gil. The Instability of VAV Systems. Heating/Piping/Air Conditioning,1992
[43]Wang Shengwei. Dynamic simulation of building VAV air-conditioning system and evaluation of EMCS on-line control strategies. Building and Environment,1999 (34):681～705
[44]Wang Shengwei, Jin xinqiao. Model2based optimal control of VAV air-conditioning syste using genetic algorithm. Building and Environment,2000 (35):471～487
[45]ZAHEER-UDDIN M, ZHENG G R. A dynamic model of a multi-zone VAV systemfor control analysis[J]. ASHRAE Trans,1994,100(1):219-229.
[46]CHAO-CHEE KU, LEE K Y. Diagonal recurrent neural networks for dynamic systems control[J]. IEEE Trans on Neural Networks,1994,6(1):144-156.
[47]Sudhir Gupta, Elements of Control Systems[M],机械工业出版社,2004
[48]Kettler J.P. Controlling minimum ventilation volume in VAV systems[J]. ASHRAE J.,May 1998:45-50
[49]王俊杰.人工神经网络在变风量系统中的控制应用[D]：[硕士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2003.
[50]智能建筑设计标准GB／T 50314-2006
[51]楼宇自动化原理[M],黄治钟.中国建筑工业出版社,2003年10月
[52]变风量空调自动控制理论的探讨[J],潘文平,自动化与仪器仪表,2005年第5期
[53]智能建筑设计技术[M],华东建筑设计研究院,上海：同济大学出版社,1996
[54]自动控制原理[M],杨自厚, 冶金工业出版社,1990
[55]MATLAB7辅助控制系统设计与仿真[M],飞思科技产品研发中心,电子工业出版社,2005.1
[56]计算机控制技术[M],顾得英,罗云林,马淑华,北京邮电大学出版社,2007.4
[2]郭阳宽王正林,过程控制工程及仿真[M],电子工业出版社,2009
[3]刘金琨,先进PID控制MATLAB仿真[M],电子工业出版社,2004
[4]陶永华,新型PID控制及其应用[M],机械工业出版社,2002
[5]F.G..Shinskey著,萧德云 吕伯明译,过程控制系统—应用、设计与整定[M],清华大学出版社,2004
[6]王永初,解耦控制系统[M],四川科学技术出版社,1985
[7]陈夕松汪木兰,过程控制系统[M],科学出版社,2005
[8]李国勇谢克明,控制系统数字仿真与CAD[M],电子工业出版社,2003
[9]刘兴堂,应用自适应控制[M],西北工业大学出版社,2002
[10]徐湘元,自适应控制理论及应用[M],电子工业出版社,2006
[11]王正林,王胜开,陈国顺,MATLAB/Simulink与控制系统仿真[M],电子工业出版社,2005
[12]王军,基于Lonworks技术的变风量空调多变量解耦控制的研究[D],西安建筑科技大学博士毕业论文,2003
[13]胡钦华,变风量(VAV)空调系统机组部分基于神经网络α阶逆系统的解耦控制[D],西安建筑科技大学硕士论文,2003
[14]王军石磊刘盛定任庆昌,在变风量空调控制中应用神经元解耦控制技术[J],自动化仪表,2003(4)：45-48
[15]许静,变风量空调系统末端部分基于自适应线性神经元的前馈解耦控制[M],西安建筑科技大学硕士毕业论文,2005
[16]许静任庆昌,VAV系统送风管道静压神经元网络控制的仿真研究[J],计算机仿真,2004(8)：108-110
[17]许静任庆昌,VAV系统送风管道静压的线性神经元网络补偿控制[J],暖通空调,2004(7)：19-22
[18]李明林永君马永光,自适应神经元非模型多变量系统解耦控制[J],计算机仿真,2003(3):68-71
[19]刘宏才,系统辨识与参数估计[M],冶金工业出版社,1999
[20]王秀峰,卢桂章,系统建模与辨识[M],电子工业出版社,2003
[21]方崇智,萧德云,过程辨识[M],清华大学出版社,2001
[22]于浩洋,初红霞,王希凤等,MATLAB实用教程-控制系统仿真与应用[M],化学工业出版社,2009
[23]吴士昌,吴忠强,自适应控制,机械工业出版社[M],2005
[24]李言俊,张科,自适应控制理论及应用[M],西北工业大学出版社,2005
[25]徐丽娜,神经网络控制(第三版)[M],电子工业出版社,2009
[26]刘文定,王东林,过程控制系统的MATLAB仿真[M],机械工业出版社,2009
[27]张云生,祝晓红,自适应控制器设计及应用[M],国防工业出版社,2005
[28]陈锡辉,张银鸿,LabVIEW8.20程序设计从入门到精通[M],清华大学出版社,2007
[29]席爱民,计算机控制系统[M],陕西科学技术出版社,2004
[30]安大伟,任庆昌,暖通空调系统自动化[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[31]闻新,周露,李翔,等.MATLAB神经网络仿真与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[32]闫秀英 任庆昌 孟庆龙,一种自校正PID控制器设计与仿真研究[J],系统仿真学报,2006,(8)：753-756
[33]王军王雁邵惠鹤,前馈补偿法在空调系统控制中的应用[J],上海交通大学学报,2005,(2)：242-246.
[34]郭芳瑞,最优控制理论[M],西安建筑科技大学,2006
[35]陈在平,杜太行等,控制系统计算机仿真与CAD[M],天津大学出版社,2003
[36]邵裕森,戴先中,过程控制工程[M],机械工业出版社,2004
[37]郭芳瑞,现场总线技术[M],西安建筑科技大学,2006
[38]董宁,自适应控制[M],北京理工大学出版社,2009
[39]叶大法,杨国荣,变风量空调系统设计[M],中国建筑工业出版社,2007
[40]Lennart Ljung, System Identification—Theory for the User[M], Second Edition 2002
[41]Hanchu Li, Chidambar Gannesh, David R. Munoz, Optimal control of duct pressure in HVAC systems[J]. ASHRAE Trans,1996,102(2):170-174
[42]Avery, Gil. The Instability of VAV Systems. Heating/Piping/Air Conditioning,1992
[43]Wang Shengwei. Dynamic simulation of building VAV air-conditioning system and evaluation of EMCS on-line control strategies. Building and Environment,1999 (34):681～705
[44]Wang Shengwei, Jin xinqiao. Model2based optimal control of VAV air-conditioning syste using genetic algorithm. Building and Environment,2000 (35):471～487
[45]ZAHEER-UDDIN M, ZHENG G R. A dynamic model of a multi-zone VAV systemfor control analysis[J]. ASHRAE Trans,1994,100(1):219-229.
[46]CHAO-CHEE KU, LEE K Y. Diagonal recurrent neural networks for dynamic systems control[J]. IEEE Trans on Neural Networks,1994,6(1):144-156.
[47]Sudhir Gupta, Elements of Control Systems[M],机械工业出版社,2004
[48]Kettler J.P. Controlling minimum ventilation volume in VAV systems[J]. ASHRAE J.,May 1998:45-50
[49]王俊杰.人工神经网络在变风量系统中的控制应用[D]：[硕士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2003.
[50]智能建筑设计标准GB／T 50314-2006
[51]楼宇自动化原理[M],黄治钟.中国建筑工业出版社,2003年10月
[52]变风量空调自动控制理论的探讨[J],潘文平,自动化与仪器仪表,2005年第5期
[53]智能建筑设计技术[M],华东建筑设计研究院,上海：同济大学出版社,1996
[54]自动控制原理[M],杨自厚, 冶金工业出版社,1990
[55]MATLAB7辅助控制系统设计与仿真[M],飞思科技产品研发中心,电子工业出版社,2005.1
[56]计算机控制技术[M],顾得英,罗云林,马淑华,北京邮电大学出版社,2007.4
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |