立即亮HID灯点火电路分析与设计
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摘要
随着世界经济的快速发展,能源问题已经引起人们的普遍关注,照明节能逐渐被提升到保护资源和环境的高度。作为一种高效节能电光源的高强度气体放电(HID)灯在照明系统中得到了广泛的应用。
论文主要介绍了HID灯的发光机理和电特性,给出了电子镇流器的组成框图,讨论了HID灯的热启动技术。根据HID灯的热启动特性,论文设计了一种三级结构电子镇流器的点火电路,并以Microchip的PIC12F675单片机作为控制器,配合硬件电路给出了预热、点火和接续部分的程序工作流程。通过对实验样机的测试,结果表明三级结构电子镇流器点火电路达到了设计要求。论文还针对二级结构电子镇流器给出了一种改进型的点火电路,通过仿真试验验证了其可行性。
With the rapid development of world economy, the energy issue has aroused extensive concern, the illumination energy conservation was gradually ascending to the level of protecting environment and resources. As a highly efficient source, the high intensity discharge (HID) lamp has been widely used in the lighting systems.
Based on the study of the illumination principle and the electronic characteristic of HID lamp, we have given the composition of the structure of HID lamp and discussed its hot-start characteristics. In accordance with the hot-start characteristics, the ignition circuit of the three-stage electronic ballast for 35W HID lamp is designed in this paper, and a work processing with warm-up, ignition and running was given using the microcomputer of PIC12F675 as controller. Through the testing, the results show that the ignition circuit of the three-stage electronic ballast has met the design requirements. Also, an improved ignition circuit of the two-stage electronic ballast has been put forward in the paper, through the simulation, the ignition structure was demonstrated feasibility.
论文主要介绍了HID灯的发光机理和电特性,给出了电子镇流器的组成框图,讨论了HID灯的热启动技术。根据HID灯的热启动特性,论文设计了一种三级结构电子镇流器的点火电路,并以Microchip的PIC12F675单片机作为控制器,配合硬件电路给出了预热、点火和接续部分的程序工作流程。通过对实验样机的测试,结果表明三级结构电子镇流器点火电路达到了设计要求。论文还针对二级结构电子镇流器给出了一种改进型的点火电路,通过仿真试验验证了其可行性。
With the rapid development of world economy, the energy issue has aroused extensive concern, the illumination energy conservation was gradually ascending to the level of protecting environment and resources. As a highly efficient source, the high intensity discharge (HID) lamp has been widely used in the lighting systems.
Based on the study of the illumination principle and the electronic characteristic of HID lamp, we have given the composition of the structure of HID lamp and discussed its hot-start characteristics. In accordance with the hot-start characteristics, the ignition circuit of the three-stage electronic ballast for 35W HID lamp is designed in this paper, and a work processing with warm-up, ignition and running was given using the microcomputer of PIC12F675 as controller. Through the testing, the results show that the ignition circuit of the three-stage electronic ballast has met the design requirements. Also, an improved ignition circuit of the two-stage electronic ballast has been put forward in the paper, through the simulation, the ignition structure was demonstrated feasibility.
引文
[1]倪海东,庚鸿.绿色照明控制技术综述.电源世界. 2005, 6, (9). 25~37.
[2]任元会.绿色照明工程及技术对策.大众用电. 2006,10. 3~4.
[3]魏戈兵.现代照明光源的发展趋势.灯与照明. 2003,9,(27). 26~29.
[4]刘先德,姚小乌.近代照明光源性能剖析.电工技术杂志. 2003,7. 9~12.
[5]杨正名,崔一平,罗宗南等.电子镇流器的发展与应用.照明工程学报. 1995,9. 69~76.
[6]崔庆龙.电子镇流器中高强度放电(HID)灯的特性.技术与应用. 2007,7. 116~118.
[7]路秋生.高频交流电子镇流技术与典型应用电路.第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007. 14~16.
[8]毛兴武,祝大卫.电子镇流器原理与制作.第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999. 159~160.
[9] Y.X. Hu. Analysis and Design of High-Intensity-Discharge Lamp Ballast for Automotive Headlamp, Master thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 2001, 7~10.
[10]王斌,曾家黔,胡立雪.一种数字控制HID灯电子镇流器的研制.微电子学. 2005,10. 538~541.
[11] Martin H. L. Chow, K. W. Siu, Chi K. Tse. A novel method for elimination of line-current harmonics in single-stage PFC switch regulators. IEEE Trans. Power Electronics. vol. 13.75~83. Jan 1998.
[12] Y. Jiang, J. H. Zhou, Z. M. Qian. A novel single stage single switch PFC converter with constant power control for ballast for medium HID lamps . In proceedings of IAS'2000. 3415~3418.
[13] I. K. Lee, B. H. Cho. A New Control Method for a Low Frequency Inverter of MHD Lamp Ballasts with a Synchronous Rectifier[A]. IEEE APEC 2005 Twentieth Annual[C]. 2005, 2:1060~1064.
[14] M. S. Shen, Z. M. Qian. Design of a Two-stage Low-frequency Square-wave Electronic Ballast for HID Lamps. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2003, 39(2):424~430.
[15]洪峰,刘军.滞环电流控制型双BUCK逆变器.电工技术学报. 2004,8. 73~87.
[16]路秋生.高频交流电子镇流技术与典型应用电路.第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007. 249~250.
[17]许建炳,钱照明.一种两级低频方波金卤灯电子镇流器的新型控制方法.电源技术应用. 2006,3. 30~33.
[18] J. Francisco, B. Cecilio. Analysis and Design of a High Power Factor , Single-Stage Electronic Ballast for High Intensity Discharge Lamps. IEEE Trans, Power Electronics. Vo1.18, No. 2.558~569, March 2003.
[19]张相军,刘汉奎,徐殿国等.汽车HID电子镇流器高压启动电路及控制策略.高电压技术. 2006,7. 102~104.
[20]姜轶峰.高强度气体放电灯热启动与MHz电子镇流器及其调光研究.浙江大学. 2005,3.
[21]姜轶峰,陈敏,钱照明.一种用于汽车头灯的新型热启动电路.电力电子技术. 2005,8. 82~105.
[22] Marcio A. Co. Microcontrolled Electronic Gear for Low Metal Halide (MH) and High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) Lamps. In proceedings of IEEE-IAS 2002. 1863~1868.
[23]许建炳.低频方波HID灯电子镇流器关键技术研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文. 2006.
[24]毛兴武,祝大卫.电子镇流器原理与制作.第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999. 278~280.
[25]徐殿国,张相军,莫桂林等.汽车HID前大灯启动和过渡特性研究.中国照明电器. 2005,9. 6~11.
[26]霍菲阳,魏新芳.高强度气体放电灯启动技术.哈尔滨理工大学学报. 2008,6. 58~79.
[27] H. Kakehashi, M. Habu, et al. HID-lamp Igniter Using a Two-stage Magnetic-pulse-compression Circuit[A]. Proc.of APEC’98[C].1998, (2):1174～1179.
[28]张波,赵莉华,黄念慈.低频方波金属卤化物灯电子镇流器设计.绿色照明. 2008,5. 46~49.
[29]郭蓉,钱照明.一种新型低成本高可靠性金卤灯启动电路.电力电子技术. 2006,4. 93~96.
[30]高明煜,陈吉锋,曾毓.基于单片机控制的35W汽车金卤灯电子镇流器.汽车工程. 2005,7. 595~602.
[31]毛兴武.基于全桥驱动器IC的HID灯电子镇流器.灯与照明. 2005,3. 50~54.
[32]宋成杰,周立新,钟疆.低频小功率金卤灯电子镇流器的研制.照明工程学报. 2002,9. 81~93.
[33]谢勇,袁开见. HID灯的控制和驱动电路.电力电子技术. 2007,10. 52~54.
[34]郭蓉,杨永兵,钱照明.一种新型小功率金卤灯快速启动控制策略.电力电子技术. 2006,2. 87~90.
[35]张汀,许建炳,陈敏等.一种模拟控制的汽车头灯电子镇流器.电力电子技术. 2006,12. 2~59.
[36]魏全禄,潘孟春.低频方波HID灯用电子镇流器的仿真分析.灯与照明. 2005,12. 31~36.
[37]腾妨华.金属卤化物灯电子镇流器关键技术的研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文. 2005.
[38]刘晨阳.气体放电灯电子镇流器关键技术的研究.浙江大学博士学位论文. 2005.
[39]李永平,董欣. PSpice电路设计与实现.第一版.北京:国防工业出版社,2005. 195~248.
[40]王辅春.电子电路CAD与OrCAD教程.第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2005. 116~193.
[2]任元会.绿色照明工程及技术对策.大众用电. 2006,10. 3~4.
[3]魏戈兵.现代照明光源的发展趋势.灯与照明. 2003,9,(27). 26~29.
[4]刘先德,姚小乌.近代照明光源性能剖析.电工技术杂志. 2003,7. 9~12.
[5]杨正名,崔一平,罗宗南等.电子镇流器的发展与应用.照明工程学报. 1995,9. 69~76.
[6]崔庆龙.电子镇流器中高强度放电(HID)灯的特性.技术与应用. 2007,7. 116~118.
[7]路秋生.高频交流电子镇流技术与典型应用电路.第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007. 14~16.
[8]毛兴武,祝大卫.电子镇流器原理与制作.第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999. 159~160.
[9] Y.X. Hu. Analysis and Design of High-Intensity-Discharge Lamp Ballast for Automotive Headlamp, Master thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 2001, 7~10.
[10]王斌,曾家黔,胡立雪.一种数字控制HID灯电子镇流器的研制.微电子学. 2005,10. 538~541.
[11] Martin H. L. Chow, K. W. Siu, Chi K. Tse. A novel method for elimination of line-current harmonics in single-stage PFC switch regulators. IEEE Trans. Power Electronics. vol. 13.75~83. Jan 1998.
[12] Y. Jiang, J. H. Zhou, Z. M. Qian. A novel single stage single switch PFC converter with constant power control for ballast for medium HID lamps . In proceedings of IAS'2000. 3415~3418.
[13] I. K. Lee, B. H. Cho. A New Control Method for a Low Frequency Inverter of MHD Lamp Ballasts with a Synchronous Rectifier[A]. IEEE APEC 2005 Twentieth Annual[C]. 2005, 2:1060~1064.
[14] M. S. Shen, Z. M. Qian. Design of a Two-stage Low-frequency Square-wave Electronic Ballast for HID Lamps. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2003, 39(2):424~430.
[15]洪峰,刘军.滞环电流控制型双BUCK逆变器.电工技术学报. 2004,8. 73~87.
[16]路秋生.高频交流电子镇流技术与典型应用电路.第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007. 249~250.
[17]许建炳,钱照明.一种两级低频方波金卤灯电子镇流器的新型控制方法.电源技术应用. 2006,3. 30~33.
[18] J. Francisco, B. Cecilio. Analysis and Design of a High Power Factor , Single-Stage Electronic Ballast for High Intensity Discharge Lamps. IEEE Trans, Power Electronics. Vo1.18, No. 2.558~569, March 2003.
[19]张相军,刘汉奎,徐殿国等.汽车HID电子镇流器高压启动电路及控制策略.高电压技术. 2006,7. 102~104.
[20]姜轶峰.高强度气体放电灯热启动与MHz电子镇流器及其调光研究.浙江大学. 2005,3.
[21]姜轶峰,陈敏,钱照明.一种用于汽车头灯的新型热启动电路.电力电子技术. 2005,8. 82~105.
[22] Marcio A. Co. Microcontrolled Electronic Gear for Low Metal Halide (MH) and High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) Lamps. In proceedings of IEEE-IAS 2002. 1863~1868.
[23]许建炳.低频方波HID灯电子镇流器关键技术研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文. 2006.
[24]毛兴武,祝大卫.电子镇流器原理与制作.第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999. 278~280.
[25]徐殿国,张相军,莫桂林等.汽车HID前大灯启动和过渡特性研究.中国照明电器. 2005,9. 6~11.
[26]霍菲阳,魏新芳.高强度气体放电灯启动技术.哈尔滨理工大学学报. 2008,6. 58~79.
[27] H. Kakehashi, M. Habu, et al. HID-lamp Igniter Using a Two-stage Magnetic-pulse-compression Circuit[A]. Proc.of APEC’98[C].1998, (2):1174～1179.
[28]张波,赵莉华,黄念慈.低频方波金属卤化物灯电子镇流器设计.绿色照明. 2008,5. 46~49.
[29]郭蓉,钱照明.一种新型低成本高可靠性金卤灯启动电路.电力电子技术. 2006,4. 93~96.
[30]高明煜,陈吉锋,曾毓.基于单片机控制的35W汽车金卤灯电子镇流器.汽车工程. 2005,7. 595~602.
[31]毛兴武.基于全桥驱动器IC的HID灯电子镇流器.灯与照明. 2005,3. 50~54.
[32]宋成杰,周立新,钟疆.低频小功率金卤灯电子镇流器的研制.照明工程学报. 2002,9. 81~93.
[33]谢勇,袁开见. HID灯的控制和驱动电路.电力电子技术. 2007,10. 52~54.
[34]郭蓉,杨永兵,钱照明.一种新型小功率金卤灯快速启动控制策略.电力电子技术. 2006,2. 87~90.
[35]张汀,许建炳,陈敏等.一种模拟控制的汽车头灯电子镇流器.电力电子技术. 2006,12. 2~59.
[36]魏全禄,潘孟春.低频方波HID灯用电子镇流器的仿真分析.灯与照明. 2005,12. 31~36.
[37]腾妨华.金属卤化物灯电子镇流器关键技术的研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文. 2005.
[38]刘晨阳.气体放电灯电子镇流器关键技术的研究.浙江大学博士学位论文. 2005.
[39]李永平,董欣. PSpice电路设计与实现.第一版.北京:国防工业出版社,2005. 195~248.
[40]王辅春.电子电路CAD与OrCAD教程.第一版.北京:机械工业出版社,2005. 116~193.