单模场与耦合双原子相互作用的量子动力学性质
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摘要
本文利用全量子理论，研究了单模场与耦合双原子相互作用的量子动力学性质。首先，本文研究了压缩相干态场与耦合双原子相互作用系统的光子数统计性质，讨论了光场相干振幅分量|α|~2、光场压缩参量γ、原子-场间的耦合系数λ、原子间耦合系数g取常数和随时间变化两种情况下以及Kerr介质常数μ对系统平均光子数<(?)(t)>挠跋臁＝峁砻鳎簗α|~2、γ都直接影响了<(?)(t)>莼叩谋浪?复苏周期和Rabi振荡频率。λ的值决定<(?)(t)>难莼媛桑宝私闲∈保?(?)(t)>怀鱿终竦聪窒螅硐治苑⒎洌挥旭詈舷凳洗笫?(?)(t)>懦鱿终竦聪窒蟆Ｔ蛹涞鸟詈匣嵯魅踉佑氤〖涞南嗷プ饔茫坏眊取常数时，g值的增大使曲线的均值下移，崩塌-复苏周期性被破坏：当原子间耦合系数取为时间的函数g(t)，且g(t)-V·Sin(ω·t)，V为常数，ω为耦合系数变化的频率，ω的变化使g(t)对<(?)(t)>难莼叱氏殖鲋芷谛缘牡髦谱饔茫弑坏髦瞥龈髦智咄迹庥雊取常数时对<(?)(t)>莼叩挠跋烀飨圆煌＆痰拇嬖谝不嵯魅踉佑氤〖涞南嗷プ饔茫宝淘黾拥揭欢ㄖ凳保琑abi振荡几乎完全消失。
其次，本文还研究了压缩相干态场与耦合双原子相互作用的光场相位性质，分析了光场的相位概率分布及相位涨落的性质，同时讨论了|α|~2、γ、g以及μ对光场相位性质的影响。结果发现：光场相位概率分布呈现出三峰高斯分布，在零相位附近概率分布最大，且涨落较小，而其它相位范围内概率分布小且易振荡。随着|α|~2的增加，相位概率分布越来越集中，g的增大破坏了相位概率分布的对称性。同时，由于光场压缩效应的影响使相位概率分布呈现出与相干态光场中所不同的现象。光场的相位概率分布对μ的作用非常敏感，μ的单独作用还使得光场相位发生扩散。
最后，本文研究了在Kerr介质中单模热辐射场与耦合双原子Raman相互作用过程中的光场压缩效应，讨论了μ、g、初始场强度(?)以及原子的初始状态(θ，φ)对光场压缩效应的影响。结果表明：单模热辐射场与耦合双原子相互作用过程中，光场压缩效应对μ十分敏感，μ的加入将破坏光场的非经典性质，并且使系统的非线性性质加强。μ=0时，随着g的增大，最大压缩量不断减小，压缩次数也减少，μ≠0时，随着g的增大呈现出压缩次数增大、减少交替出现的现象；光场的压缩效应随(?)的增大出现了非线性变化：当两原子初始均处于激发态或基态时，μ=0情况下不被压缩，而μ≠0情况下出现了被压缩现象。
In this paper, the quantum dynamics properties of a single-mode field interacting with two coupling atoms are studied by means of the quantum theory. First, the photon statistical properties of the system of squeezed coherent-state field interacting with two coupling atoms are investigated. And the influence of the coherent vibration amplitude | α |2 of the field, squeezed parameter γof the field, coupling coefficient λ of atom and field, the coupling coefficient g between atoms which is constant or changing with time on the mean photon number of the system is also discussed respectively. It has been shown that | α |2 and y influence the collapse-revival periodicity of the evolution curves of (n(t)> and the frequency of the Rabi oscillation directly. The value of λ, decides the evolution rule of (n(t)>, small. Only if λ is enough big, appears oscillation phenomenon. The coupling between atoms will weaken the interaction of atom-field. When g is constant, the increase of g destroys the collapse-revival periodicity of the curves and the mean value of the curves descends. While the coupling coefficient between atoms changes with time, which is g(f) and g(t) -V. Sin w . t), and V is constant, and CD is the change frequency of the coupling coefficient, the change of a causes that g(t) modulates the evolution curves of (n(t)> periodically. The modulated curves appear many kinds of figures. It is obviously different from the influence of the constant g on the evolution curves of And the Ken-medium μ can weaken the interaction of the atom and the field. When μ increases to a certain value, Rabi oscillation vanishes almost completely.
Secondly, the phase properties of squeezed coherent-state field interacting with two coupling atoms are studied. Meanwhile, the influence of |α|2,$, g, and μ on the phase properties is also discussed. The results show that the phase probability distribution presents three-peak Gaussian configuration. The maximum of the phase probability distribution lies at the point of the zero phase and the phase fluctuation is small, while at other place, the value of the phase probability distribution is relatively small and vibrates easily. The phase probability distribution centralizes more and more with the increase of | α |2. And the increase of g destroys the symmetry of the phase probability distribution. At the same time, because of the influence of light squeezing effect, the phase probability distribution has different phenomena from that of coherent-state field. The phase probability distribution has a thin skin with μ. The phase diffuses because of the effect of μ.
Finally, the squeezing effect of the light produced by the Raman interaction of single-mode thermal radiation field with two coupling atoms is studied. And the influence of μ, g, the intensity n of the initial field and the initial state ( θ,φ) of atoms on the squeezing effect of the light is also discussed. The results show that the light squeezing has a thin skin with μ in the course of the interaction of the single-mode thermal radiation field with the two coupling atoms. μ destroys the non-sutra properties of the field and reinforces the non-linearity properties of the system. When μ = 0, The increase of g cuts down the maximum compression degree and compression times. While μ≠0, compression times increase and decrease by turns with the increase of g. The squeezing effect of the light appears tion-linearity change with the increase of n .When both of the atoms originally locate excitable state or passive state simultaneously, the field can not be squeezed with μ = 0, yet it can be squeezed with
μ≠0.
其次，本文还研究了压缩相干态场与耦合双原子相互作用的光场相位性质，分析了光场的相位概率分布及相位涨落的性质，同时讨论了|α|~2、γ、g以及μ对光场相位性质的影响。结果发现：光场相位概率分布呈现出三峰高斯分布，在零相位附近概率分布最大，且涨落较小，而其它相位范围内概率分布小且易振荡。随着|α|~2的增加，相位概率分布越来越集中，g的增大破坏了相位概率分布的对称性。同时，由于光场压缩效应的影响使相位概率分布呈现出与相干态光场中所不同的现象。光场的相位概率分布对μ的作用非常敏感，μ的单独作用还使得光场相位发生扩散。
最后，本文研究了在Kerr介质中单模热辐射场与耦合双原子Raman相互作用过程中的光场压缩效应，讨论了μ、g、初始场强度(?)以及原子的初始状态(θ，φ)对光场压缩效应的影响。结果表明：单模热辐射场与耦合双原子相互作用过程中，光场压缩效应对μ十分敏感，μ的加入将破坏光场的非经典性质，并且使系统的非线性性质加强。μ=0时，随着g的增大，最大压缩量不断减小，压缩次数也减少，μ≠0时，随着g的增大呈现出压缩次数增大、减少交替出现的现象；光场的压缩效应随(?)的增大出现了非线性变化：当两原子初始均处于激发态或基态时，μ=0情况下不被压缩，而μ≠0情况下出现了被压缩现象。
In this paper, the quantum dynamics properties of a single-mode field interacting with two coupling atoms are studied by means of the quantum theory. First, the photon statistical properties of the system of squeezed coherent-state field interacting with two coupling atoms are investigated. And the influence of the coherent vibration amplitude | α |2 of the field, squeezed parameter γof the field, coupling coefficient λ of atom and field, the coupling coefficient g between atoms which is constant or changing with time on the mean photon number of the system is also discussed respectively. It has been shown that | α |2 and y influence the collapse-revival periodicity of the evolution curves of (n(t)> and the frequency of the Rabi oscillation directly. The value of λ, decides the evolution rule of (n(t)>,
Secondly, the phase properties of squeezed coherent-state field interacting with two coupling atoms are studied. Meanwhile, the influence of |α|2,$, g, and μ on the phase properties is also discussed. The results show that the phase probability distribution presents three-peak Gaussian configuration. The maximum of the phase probability distribution lies at the point of the zero phase and the phase fluctuation is small, while at other place, the value of the phase probability distribution is relatively small and vibrates easily. The phase probability distribution centralizes more and more with the increase of | α |2. And the increase of g destroys the symmetry of the phase probability distribution. At the same time, because of the influence of light squeezing effect, the phase probability distribution has different phenomena from that of coherent-state field. The phase probability distribution has a thin skin with μ. The phase diffuses because of the effect of μ.
Finally, the squeezing effect of the light produced by the Raman interaction of single-mode thermal radiation field with two coupling atoms is studied. And the influence of μ, g, the intensity n of the initial field and the initial state ( θ,φ) of atoms on the squeezing effect of the light is also discussed. The results show that the light squeezing has a thin skin with μ in the course of the interaction of the single-mode thermal radiation field with the two coupling atoms. μ destroys the non-sutra properties of the field and reinforces the non-linearity properties of the system. When μ = 0, The increase of g cuts down the maximum compression degree and compression times. While μ≠0, compression times increase and decrease by turns with the increase of g. The squeezing effect of the light appears tion-linearity change with the increase of n .When both of the atoms originally locate excitable state or passive state simultaneously, the field can not be squeezed with μ = 0, yet it can be squeezed with
μ≠0.
引文
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