双凸极电机的有限元分析及振动研究
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摘要
ICCG法对于大型题目求解有着其他算法所不及的突出优点，本文讨论了ICCG算法原理，利用动态数组技术给出其实现代码，完成了VFEM的数值求解部分。成功编制VFEM与ANSYS的程序接口，通过VFEM封装ANSYS并自动运行ANSYS进行求解，充分利用ANSYS强大的后处理功能，通过实例证明利用VFEM进行双凸极电机二维电磁场的分析具有很大的方便性和快捷性。
本文利用VFEM对双凸极电机二维电磁性能进行分析，并对不同转子位置、不同绕组电流情况下的定转子径向磁吸力进行了详细计算，从而可以进一步研究径向力所引起的振动响应，这对于双凸极电机噪声和振动的研究有非常重要的实际意义。同时在三维电磁场的ANSYS分析方面做了初步探索。
应用有限元软件ANSYS对电机进行了不同建模方法的模态分析与计算，并首次基于真实SR电机定子模型，用3D有限元方法研究了定子模态和固有频率，从取得的一系列研究结论，与以前的研究成果进行对比，可以得出结论：模型建立的合理性和逼近真实性对于电机各类性能的有限元分析至关重要，要得到尽量准确的结果，必须建立尽量逼近实际的模型。
This subject, study on finite element analysis and vibration behavior of
doubly salient motor, is studied according to the project--"Bipolar low
speed and high torque permanent magnet synchronic motor", which is supported by the National Natural Science Fund.
The ICCG method is superior to other methods in solving large equations in finite element analysis of electromagnetic field problems. The principle of ICCG method is presented in this paper. And the fortran codes of ICCG-method using dynamic arrays technique are also presented. The numerical computing part of VFEM is accomplished. The interface from VFEM to ANSYS is brought to success. Then ANSYS will be run automaticly to solve problems though the ANSYS has been encapsulated. So the strong postprocess functions of ANSYS are used by VFEM. The following instance proves that it is convenient to analyse 2D electromagnetic field of doubly salient motor by using VFEM.
In this paper, 2D electromagnetic field of doubly salient motor is analysed by use of VFEM. At different position and current, the normal force is calculated. This will be used to determine the force harmonics and hence to calculate the vibration resulting from the normal forces. The caculation results are very helpful to the reseach of noise and vibration of doubly salient motors. FE analysis of 3D electromagnetic field with ANSYS is also introduced in this, paper.
Different modals of SR motor are completely calculated and analyzed by using ANSYS in this paper. This paper also presents a detailed research on the stator mode shapes and natural frequencies of SRM by use of 3D finite element technique, based on its real structural model for the first time. When the reseach conclusions is compared with the former results, a conclusion will
be drawn, that is the rationality and approach to reality of the modeling are essential to the FE analysis of motor properties. The more the modal approaches to the reality, the more the result is accurate.
本文利用VFEM对双凸极电机二维电磁性能进行分析，并对不同转子位置、不同绕组电流情况下的定转子径向磁吸力进行了详细计算，从而可以进一步研究径向力所引起的振动响应，这对于双凸极电机噪声和振动的研究有非常重要的实际意义。同时在三维电磁场的ANSYS分析方面做了初步探索。
应用有限元软件ANSYS对电机进行了不同建模方法的模态分析与计算，并首次基于真实SR电机定子模型，用3D有限元方法研究了定子模态和固有频率，从取得的一系列研究结论，与以前的研究成果进行对比，可以得出结论：模型建立的合理性和逼近真实性对于电机各类性能的有限元分析至关重要，要得到尽量准确的结果，必须建立尽量逼近实际的模型。
This subject, study on finite element analysis and vibration behavior of
doubly salient motor, is studied according to the project--"Bipolar low
speed and high torque permanent magnet synchronic motor", which is supported by the National Natural Science Fund.
The ICCG method is superior to other methods in solving large equations in finite element analysis of electromagnetic field problems. The principle of ICCG method is presented in this paper. And the fortran codes of ICCG-method using dynamic arrays technique are also presented. The numerical computing part of VFEM is accomplished. The interface from VFEM to ANSYS is brought to success. Then ANSYS will be run automaticly to solve problems though the ANSYS has been encapsulated. So the strong postprocess functions of ANSYS are used by VFEM. The following instance proves that it is convenient to analyse 2D electromagnetic field of doubly salient motor by using VFEM.
In this paper, 2D electromagnetic field of doubly salient motor is analysed by use of VFEM. At different position and current, the normal force is calculated. This will be used to determine the force harmonics and hence to calculate the vibration resulting from the normal forces. The caculation results are very helpful to the reseach of noise and vibration of doubly salient motors. FE analysis of 3D electromagnetic field with ANSYS is also introduced in this, paper.
Different modals of SR motor are completely calculated and analyzed by using ANSYS in this paper. This paper also presents a detailed research on the stator mode shapes and natural frequencies of SRM by use of 3D finite element technique, based on its real structural model for the first time. When the reseach conclusions is compared with the former results, a conclusion will
be drawn, that is the rationality and approach to reality of the modeling are essential to the FE analysis of motor properties. The more the modal approaches to the reality, the more the result is accurate.
引文
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[2] K．J．巴斯[美]著，工程分析中的有限元法，机械工业出版社，1997
[3] 管迪华，模态分析技术，清华大学出版社，1995
[4] 许本文、焦群英，机械振动与模态分析基础，机械工业出版社，1998．8
[5] 方远乔羽，振动模态分析技术，国防工业出版社，1993
[6] 王忠建，开关磁阻电机振动的有限元分析与控制研究，河海大学硕士学位论文，2002．3
[7] 成颖，开关磁阻电机的抑制转矩脉动研究，浙江大学硕士学位论文，1998．1
[8] 殷人昆等，数据结构，清华大学出版社，1999
[9] Jon Bates、Tim Tompkins[美]，实用Visual C++6.0，清华大学出版社，2000
[10] 陈建春，Visual C++高级编程技术：开发实例剖析，电子工业出版社，1999
[11] 夸克工作室，有限元分析基础篇ANSYS与Hatlab，清华大学出版社，2002
[12] 侯俊杰，深入浅出MFC，华中科技大学出版社，2001
[13] 卢刚等，电机CAD技术，国防工业出版社，1997
[14] 吴建华，开关磁阻电机的噪声及永磁式开关磁阻电机的研究，浙江大学博士后研究工作报告，1997
[15] 王国强，实用工程数值模拟技术极其在ANSYS上的实践，西北工业大学出版社，1999
[16] 潭建国，使用ANSYS6.0进行有限元分析，北京大学出版社，2002
[17] 莫岳平等，超声波电机振动模态有限元分析，中国电机工程学报，Vol．22 No．11，2002
[18] 诸自强，电机定子的振动特性研究，浙江大学硕士学位论文，1984
[19] 王宏华、王忠建，开关磁阻电机冲击振动特性分析，中小型电机，2001，28(4)
[20] 王宏华等，开关磁阻调速电机定子振动抑制，电工技术学报，Vol．13 No．3；1998
[21] 吴建华、陈永校，开关磁阻电动机的噪声机器抑制方法，中小型电机，1997，24(3)
[22] 吴建华，开关磁阻电机的特性及在家电业的应用，新技术应用，2000，1
[23] 吴建华等，开关磁阻电机定子固有频率的计算，中国电机工程学报，Vol．17 No．5 1997
[24] 黄海，采用ANSYS软件进行永磁电机的磁场分析，船电技术，2001，2
[25] 王世山等，大型有限元软件ANSYS在电磁领域的使用，高压电器，Vol．38 No．3 2002
[26] 陈燕等，ANSYS软件在开关磁阻电机电磁分析中的应用，煤炭科学技术，2001，4
[27] 张晋西，用VB增强ANSYS前处理能力，计算机应用，Vol．22 No．3 2002
[28] 程进等，基于ANSYS的程序界面设计及应用，四川建筑科学研究，Vol．28 No．2 2002
[29] 张标标等，基于ANSYS平台开发曲轴振动分析软件，车辆与动力技术，2001，4
[30] 段志东、张克华，ANSYS图形用户界面二次开发，兰州铁道学院学报，Vol．21 No．1 2002
[31] 钮冬至等，用ANSYS软件研究轴流通风机叶轮的振动特性，风机技术，2001，5
[32] 杨玉岗等，开关磁阻电机有限元辅助设计软件，阜新矿业学院学报，Vol．16 No．1 1997
[33] 倪光正、钱秀英，电磁场数值计算，高等教育出版社，1996．12
[34] 周克定，工程电磁场数值计算的理论方法及应用．高等教育出版社，1994
[35] 曲利岩，电磁场有限元分析技术的研究和实现，浙江大学硕士学位论文，2002
[36] Pragasen Pillay and William Cai, An Investigation into Vibration in SwitchedReluctance Motors, IEEE Transactions on industry applications, vol.35, no.3, May/June 1999
[37] Wei Cai, Pragasen Pilly and Zhangjun Tang, Impact of Stator Windings and End-Bells on Resonant Frequencies and Mode Shapes of Switched Relnctance Motors, IEEE Transactions on industry applications, vol.38, no.4, July/August 2002
[38] S.A.Iong, Z.Q.Zhu and D.howe, Vibration Behaviour of Stators of Switched Relunctance Motors, IEEE Proc.-Electr. PowerAppl., vol.148, no.3, May 2001
[39] W.Cai, P.Pillay, A.Qmekanda, Analytical Formulae for Calculating SRM Modal Frequencies for Reduced Vibration and Acoustic Noise Design, pp.203-207, 2001, IEEE
[40] W.Cai, P.Pillay, A.Omekanda, Experimental Study of Vibrations in the Switched Reluctance Motor, pp.576-581, 2001, IEEE
[41] Kazuaki Nakata, Kenji Hiramoto, Masayuki Sanada, Sigeo Morimoto, Yoji Takeda, Noise Reduction for Switched Reluctance Motor with a Hole, pp.971-976, 2002, IEEE
[42] W.Cai, P.Pillay, Resonant Frequencies and Mode Shapes of Switched Reluctance Motors, IEEE Transactions on energy conversion, vol.16, no.1, March 2001
[43] W.Cai, RPillay, A.Omekanda, Low Vibration Design of SRMS for Automotive Applications using Modal Analysis, pp.261-266, 2001, IEEE
[44] M.N.Anwar, Iqbal Husain, S.Graham Kelly, Effects of End-Shields on the Stator Mode Frequencies of Electric Machines, pp.26-32, 2001, IEEE
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