基于QoS的服务发现与服务组合研究
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摘要
面向服务的计算是松耦合、开放异构环境中分布应用的通用计算模型,Web服务是近年来提出的面向服务的新型体系结构。伴随着网络信息的持续快速发展,Web服务资源越来越丰富,Web服务的应用所跨越的领域越来越广泛。大规模的UDDI注册中心存在于各个自治域中,实现Web服务的搜索发现、集成、分类将会如同Web网页搜索一样变得具有挑战性。由于Web服务数量的爆炸性增长,网络服务虚拟社区中存在大量的功能重叠或相同的Web服务,如何利用QoS(Quality of Service)属性选择广告服务是Web服务组合实用化的关键技术之一。因此在分布、异构和自治松耦合计算环境中,需要有效的服务组合方法优化服务组合流程,保障Web服务组合的质量。
本文研究了Web环境下,如何跨多UDDI的服务搜索发现,如何按照服务提供者的需求提供有质量保障的应用。以此提出了跨多UDDI注册中心的服务管理框架和资源管理构件WebJet RepositoryBuilder,提出了服务搜索发现策略。并基于服务管理框架提出了一个基于QoS的Web服务发现与组合架构WebJet,实现服务的发布、管理、发现、组合前的预先优化与运行时容错。
针对用户偏好的是否确定性,提出了区间判断矩阵的QoS属性权重计算方法和自动修正判断矩阵的权重计算方法。为实现服务组合时的全局优化,提出了一种0-1启发式方法,并在不同的运行环境下与整数规划的分支定界方法和遗传算法进行了对比,验证了0-1启发式方法优越性。现在的服务组合优化模型很少考虑现代供应链管理中的服务的动态商业联盟的场景,本文提出了支持供应链管理的非线性的服务组合优化模型,给出了遗传算法优化策略,实验表明服务联盟模型及其求解策略对服务组合模型是有用的。
Service-objected computing is a usual computing model that is applying in the loose-coupled, open and distributed heterogeneous environment, and Web Service is a new service-objected architecture in the recent years. With the rapid development of the Internet information, the resources of Web Service become more and more enriching, meanwhile the applications across different fields of the Web Service become wide increasingly. Lots of UDDI registries exist in autonomous domain, so that realize Web Services' search, discovery, integration, and classification, which will become as challenged as Web pages search. For the sake of explosive increase of the number of the Web Services, a large number of Web Services with similar function exist in the Internet service virtual community, so how to utilize QoS (Quality of Service) attributions to select advertising services is one of key technologies of Web Service composition. In all, in the distributed, isomerous and autonomous-coupled environment, the quality guarantee of Web Service composition has affected the methods of the Web Service composition primarily.
Two main problems have been tackled under the circumstance of Web. One is how to search and discover Web Services across multiple UDDI, and the other is how to provide the applications with quality guarantee according to the providers' requirements. Aiming at the above problems, service management framework and resource management component—WebJet Repository Builder (across multiple UDDI) has been proposed. At the same time the strategy of how to search and discover services has been also put forward. On the basis of the framework, a QoS-based architecture of Web Service discovery and composition—WebJet has been brought forward. And WebJet is designed for publication, management, discovery of the services, optimization prior to the composition and fault-tolerance at the running time.
Pointing at the uncertainty or not of the users' preferences, based self-adjusting judgment matrix and the interval judgment matrix, the method computing the QoS attribution weights has been proposed. To realize the global optimization of Web Service composition, a 0-1 heuristic algorithm has been implemented. Additionally, compared with the branch bounding method of integer programming and GAs (Gene Algorithms) under the different running environments, the advantages of 0-1 heuristic algorithm have been verified. Currently, little optimization models of Web Service composition allow for dynamic commerce alliance of the services in the management of the supply chains. To improve the disadvantages, non-linear optimization model of Web Service composition supporting supply chain management has been put forward, as well, the optimization strategy for GAs has been brought forward. At last, practicability of the service alliance models has been proved through some experiments.
本文研究了Web环境下,如何跨多UDDI的服务搜索发现,如何按照服务提供者的需求提供有质量保障的应用。以此提出了跨多UDDI注册中心的服务管理框架和资源管理构件WebJet RepositoryBuilder,提出了服务搜索发现策略。并基于服务管理框架提出了一个基于QoS的Web服务发现与组合架构WebJet,实现服务的发布、管理、发现、组合前的预先优化与运行时容错。
针对用户偏好的是否确定性,提出了区间判断矩阵的QoS属性权重计算方法和自动修正判断矩阵的权重计算方法。为实现服务组合时的全局优化,提出了一种0-1启发式方法,并在不同的运行环境下与整数规划的分支定界方法和遗传算法进行了对比,验证了0-1启发式方法优越性。现在的服务组合优化模型很少考虑现代供应链管理中的服务的动态商业联盟的场景,本文提出了支持供应链管理的非线性的服务组合优化模型,给出了遗传算法优化策略,实验表明服务联盟模型及其求解策略对服务组合模型是有用的。
Service-objected computing is a usual computing model that is applying in the loose-coupled, open and distributed heterogeneous environment, and Web Service is a new service-objected architecture in the recent years. With the rapid development of the Internet information, the resources of Web Service become more and more enriching, meanwhile the applications across different fields of the Web Service become wide increasingly. Lots of UDDI registries exist in autonomous domain, so that realize Web Services' search, discovery, integration, and classification, which will become as challenged as Web pages search. For the sake of explosive increase of the number of the Web Services, a large number of Web Services with similar function exist in the Internet service virtual community, so how to utilize QoS (Quality of Service) attributions to select advertising services is one of key technologies of Web Service composition. In all, in the distributed, isomerous and autonomous-coupled environment, the quality guarantee of Web Service composition has affected the methods of the Web Service composition primarily.
Two main problems have been tackled under the circumstance of Web. One is how to search and discover Web Services across multiple UDDI, and the other is how to provide the applications with quality guarantee according to the providers' requirements. Aiming at the above problems, service management framework and resource management component—WebJet Repository Builder (across multiple UDDI) has been proposed. At the same time the strategy of how to search and discover services has been also put forward. On the basis of the framework, a QoS-based architecture of Web Service discovery and composition—WebJet has been brought forward. And WebJet is designed for publication, management, discovery of the services, optimization prior to the composition and fault-tolerance at the running time.
Pointing at the uncertainty or not of the users' preferences, based self-adjusting judgment matrix and the interval judgment matrix, the method computing the QoS attribution weights has been proposed. To realize the global optimization of Web Service composition, a 0-1 heuristic algorithm has been implemented. Additionally, compared with the branch bounding method of integer programming and GAs (Gene Algorithms) under the different running environments, the advantages of 0-1 heuristic algorithm have been verified. Currently, little optimization models of Web Service composition allow for dynamic commerce alliance of the services in the management of the supply chains. To improve the disadvantages, non-linear optimization model of Web Service composition supporting supply chain management has been put forward, as well, the optimization strategy for GAs has been brought forward. At last, practicability of the service alliance models has been proved through some experiments.
引文
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[12]Eyhab Al-Masri,Qusay Mahmoud.Interoperability among Service Registry Standards[J].IEEE Internet Computing,2007,11(3):74- 77
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[14]U.Thaden,W.Siberski,and W.Nejdl.A Semantic Web Based Peer-to-Peer Service Registry Network[R].Learning Lab Lower Saxony,2003.
[15]M.Paolucci,T.Kawamura,T.Payne,and K.Sycara.Semantic Matching of Web Services Capabilities.In:1st ISWC,2002:333-347.
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[21]OASIS.E-Business XML.www.ebxml.org,Accessed May 2007.
[22]杨放春,龙湘明.软件非功能性属性研究[J].北京邮电大学学报,2004,27(3):1-11.
[23]Shuping Ran.A Model for Web Services Discovery With QoS[J].ACM Press New York,2003,4(1):1-10.
[24]SeokHyun Yoon,DongJoon Kim,SangYong Han.WS-QDL containing static, dynamic and statistical factors of Web Services quality [C]. In: IEEE. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Web Services, 2004: 808-809.
[25] Jorge Cardoso, Amit Sheth, John Miller, Jonathan Arnold, and Krys Kochut.Quality of Service for Workflows and Web Service Processes[J]. Journal of Web Semantics,2004,1(3): 281-308.
[26] Brahmananda Sapkota, Dumitru Roman, Sebastian Ryszard Kruk, Dieter Fensel.Distributed Web Service Discovery Architecture[C]. AICT/ICIW 2006,2006:19-25.
[27]Ziqiang Xu, Patrick Martin, Wendy Powley, Farhana Zulkernine. Reputation-Enhanced QoS-based Web Services Discovery[C]. In:ICWS 2007,2007: 249-256.
[28] S. Banerjee, S. Basu, S. Garg, S. Garg, S. Lee, P.Mullan, and P. Sharma.Scalable Grid Service Discovery based on UDDI.3rd Workshop on Middleware for Grid Computing,2005:1-6.
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[30] Patrick C. K. Hung, Haifei Li. Web Services discovery based on the trade-off between quality and cost of service: a token-based approach[J]. ACM SIGecom Exchanges, 2003,4 (2): 21-31.
[31] Kokash, N. Web Service Discovery with Implicit QoS Filtering[C].Proceedings of the IBM PhD Student Symposium, in conjunction with the ICSOC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 2005: 61-66.
[32] UDDI COMMITTEE. UDDI Version 2.03 Data Structure Reference.http://www.uddi.org/pubs/DataStructure_v2.htm. 2002.
[33]Yannis Makripoulias, Christos Makris, Yiannis Panagis, Evangelos Sakkopoulos, Poulia Adamopoulou, and Athanasios Tsakalidis. Web Service discovery based on Quality of Service[C]. IEEE International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications 2006,2006: 196- 199.
[34]宣家骥.多目标决策[M].湖南科学技术出版社,1989:80-120.
[35]唐宇.空间信息栅格(SIG)系统框架、服务体系与服务聚合技术研究[D].国防学技术大学,2004:85-90.
[36]R.Aggarwal,K.Verma,J.Miller,and W.Milnor.Constraint driven Web service composition in METEOR-S[C].In:Proc IEEE International Conference on Services Computing(SCC'04),2004:23-30.
[37]Tao Yu,Kwei-Jay Lin.Service Selection Algorithms for Web Services with End-to-end QoS Constraints[C].In:Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Commerce Technology 2004,2004:129-136.
[38]张成文,苏森,陈俊亮.基于遗传算法的QoS感知的Web服务选择[J].计算机学报,2006,29(7):1029-1037.
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