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新时期中俄农业合作研究
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摘要
农业是人类社会赖以生存和发展的最基本的产业。世界各国都把发展农业作为改善人民生活、繁荣经济的重要措施,同时也作为推动社会进步、保持政治稳定、促进世界和平的重要任务。中俄农业合作顺应了世界经济全球化、一体化的趋势和潮流,符合两国的根本利益和人民的期望。目前,中俄农业合作水平低、规模小、合作领域狭窄、形式单一,缺乏政府指导下的集中运作发展和规范化管理。
     二十一世纪是中俄农业合作的新时期。在这一时期,国际国内形势正发生着深刻的变化:俄罗斯经济复苏,俄政府开始重视农业和农村的发展,农业生产持续好转;中国经济持续、健康发展,农产品市场需求日益旺盛;中国已加入WTO,俄罗斯即将加入WTO、俄罗斯向亚太地区倾斜…这一切将为中俄加强农业合作提供了良好的条件和新的契机。中俄两国如何面对新形势,把握新机遇,解决中俄农业合作中的问题,提高合作水平,扩大规模,达到双赢,是目前需要紧迫研究的问题。
     本文从中俄农业合作的现实意义着手,具体阐述了中俄农业合作的各种互补性条件(农业生产资源的土地资源、森林资源、劳动力资源互补,农业生产资料的农业机械和化肥互补,农产品中的粮食、园艺产品、肉产品、乳制品等互补,农业科技互补等),重点探索了中俄农业合作的主要领域(农业技术、农业学术交流、农业生产、农产品加工业、农业贸易等),并具体分析了每一合作领域的合作重点及其主要合作形式,提出了促进中俄农业合作的对策建议:1.增进政府职能,提升合作水平2.加强市场调研,不断开拓俄罗市场3.重视世界农业格局,灵活运用合作策略4.强化管理,规范合作秩序,提高合作效益。
     全文共分五章:第一章论述了中俄农业在新时期面临的机遇与挑战,中俄农业合作对中俄农业的影响及对世界农业发展的重要意义;第二章从中俄农业发展的互补性及中俄农业合作的历史渊源两个方面分析了中俄农业合作的历史条件和现实条件;第三章阐述了中俄农业合作的理论基础和合作原则;第四章在前面三部分的基础上分析了中俄在诸多农业领域进行合作的重点和合作形式;第五章提出了促进新时期中俄农业合作的对策建议。
Agriculture is the most basic industry that the human society exists and develops The countries all over the world regard the development of agriculture as the important measure of improving the people's lives and bringing about a prosperous economy, at the same time,the important task of promoting social progress, keeping the steady politics, and promoting the world peace too. Sino-Russia agricultural cooperation complies with the trend of the world economic globalization and integration, in accordance with the common interests and people's hope between the two countries. At present, Sino-Russia agricultural cooperation level is low and the scale is small, the cooperative field is narrow, and the form is single,because of lacking the centralized operation and standardized management under the guidance of the government.!
    The 21st century will be the new period of agricultural cooperation between Sino-Russia, In this period, international and domestic situations are changing deeply: Russia's economic is recovering and Russian government begins to pay attention to the development of agriculture and countryside, and agricultural production will takes a favorable turn continuously; China's economic is keeping sustainable and healthy development and the market demand of agricultural products is vigorous day by day; China has already joined WTO and Russia will join WTO soon.These have offered good condition and new opportunity for strengthening agricultural cooperation in China and Russia. How do China and Russia face the new situation, hold the new opportunity,solve the problem between Sino-Russia agricultural cooperation, improve the cooperative level, expand the scale, and reach win-win? These questions must been researched urgently at present.
    This text starts from the realistic meaning of Sino-Russia agricultural cooperation. It explains Sino-Russia various kinds of complementary terms of agricultural cooperation ( such as ,the comentarity of the agricultural land resource , forest resource and workforce resources,the complentarity of the agricultural machinery and chemical fertilizers ,the complementarity of grain of agricultural products,, horticulture products, meat products ,
    
    
    2004
    dairy products, agricultural science and technology etc.),.It has explored the main field of Sino-Russia agricultural cooperation especially (for example agricultural technology , agricultural academic exchange,agricultural production,the processing industry of agricultural products, agricultural trade ,etc.). hi the meantime it makes a concrete analysis of the cooperative focal point of every cooperative field and the main cooperative forms, and puts forward the measures and suggestions of promoting Sino-Russia agricultural cooperation, including 1.strengthening government's functions, and increasing the cooperative capabilities. 2.strengthening the market survey and expanding the market of Russia constantly.3.paying attention to the agricultural pattern of the world and using the cooperative strategies flexibly.4. strengthening management and standardizing the cooperative order, improving the cooperative efficiency.
    Five chapters are involved in the thesis. The first chapter expounds the significance of Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation for Sino-Russian agricultural development and the agricultural development of the world. The second chapter analyses the historical and practical conditions of Sino-Russian agricultural development from the complementarity of Sino-Russian agricultural resources and the historical origin of Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation. The third chapter expatiates the theoretical basis and cooperative principles of Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation. The fourth chapter brings forth the focus of cooperation and cooperative forms in the following fields, agricultural technology, agricultural scholastic exchange, agricultural manufacture, processing industry in agricultural products, agricultural trade on the basis of the preceding 3 chapters. The fifth chapter puts forward the counter-measures and su
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