基于PWM的同步开关自适应反馈控制系统研究
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摘要
同步开关(相控开关)技术能有效减少高压开关合闸涌流和过电压,消除分闸重燃过电压,提高开关的开断能力和电力系统稳定性,改善用户电能质量,成为了近年来开关智能化的研究热点之一。
本论文以电力系统中永磁机构真空断路器同步操作技术的实际问题为基点,结合四川省教育厅重点项目“基于永磁机构的同步开关理论及应用研究”(项目编号:2005A119),对永磁机构真空断路器的同步开关模糊控制技术进行了研究,并利用MATLAB相关工具箱对控制系统进行了仿真和分析,根据仿真结果设计了一种基于脉宽调制(PWM)的同步开关自适应反馈控制器,并对控制系统进行研究。
论文首先分析了永磁机构的结构和工作原理;然后主要针对双稳态永磁机构真空断路器分析了在开断和关合过程中的静态磁场耦合模型、动态分析数学模型和真空断路器的动态特性,并就永磁机构和真空断路器的匹配进行了分析;最后分析了基于双稳态永磁机构真空断路器的同步操作问题,深入研究了同步操作的模糊控制原理和算法,研究结果为最终实现永磁机构真空断路器的同步操作奠定了基础。
论文根据控制系统的需求,设计了一种基于TMS320LF2407A的双稳态永磁机构真空断路器的自适应反馈控制器,此控制器集控制、测量、开关量监测等功能于一体,可实现对永磁机构真空断路器动触头位移、控制电压和线圈电流的实时监测,具有一定的保护和闭锁等功能。
论文重点介绍了基于双稳态永磁机构真空断路器的模糊控制器的设计依据及过程,并利用MATLAB建立了同步开关模糊控制系统仿真模型。通过对系统最终仿真结果的分析,证明了该模糊控制算法的有效性,为进一步研究断路器同步操作的问题提供了重要数据,为深入研究永磁机构真空断路器的智能控制理论奠定了基础。
Synchronous switching, also called phasing switching, is used widely in electric power system to control and reduce switching transients, increase the interrupting capacity of switches, improve the reliability of electric power system and customer power quality. Many people have paid attention to the research and application of synchronous switching.
The paper focuses on permanent magnetic actuator of vacuum circuit breaker synchronous operation technology practical problem existing in power system, combining the education department of Sichuan Province important project "Research on permanent magnetic actuator synchronous switching theory and application( Project Number:2005A119)", introduces fuzzy control method to study the vacuum circuit breaker with bi-stable permanent magnetic actuator. It adopts MATLAB related toolbox to simulate and analyze. According to the simulation result, synchronous switching adaptive feedback controller based on PWM is designed.
In this paper, it introduces the structure and principle of permanent magnetic actuator at the first. Then the intellectual control technology of vacuum circuit breaker is discussed particularly. As a control object, the bi-stable permanent magnetic actuator is separated into basic principle so as to determine the nature of the whole. The direct-coupled models of magnetic fields for analysis and for calculation are presented. The static and dynamic characteristics of the models and dynamic behavior analysis and matching analysis for the vacuum circuit breaker with bi-stable permanent magnetic actuator are also discussed. For a further study, fuzzy neural network control technology based on synchronized-closing operation of vacuum circuit breaker is analyzed and the research conclusion is used for realizing the synchronized-closing of vacuum circuit breaker in the future.
According to the demand of market, the control unit based on single chip microprocessor TMS320LF2407A for intelligent breaker is designed for permanent magnetic actuator of vacuum circuit breaker adaptive feedback controller. The controller has many functions such as protection, control, measurement. The signals of currents, voltages, active power and reactive power are monitored in real time. The control unit can not only control opening/closing operation of circuit breaker, but also has the functions of over-current/under-voltage trip, closing/opening interlock for mal-operation and diagnosis functions.
In the end, The paper emphases on the design and introduction of fuzzy controller based on bi-stable permanent magnet actuator of vacuum circuit breaker. The synchronous switching fuzzy control system simulation model is established by using MATLAB. By means of analysis of the system's final artificial result, it proves the fuzzy control algorithm is effective. Furthermore, some important data are beneficial to further study on synchronized- switching of vacuum circuit breaker and intelligent control theory of vacuum circuit breaker with permanent magnetic actuator.
本论文以电力系统中永磁机构真空断路器同步操作技术的实际问题为基点,结合四川省教育厅重点项目“基于永磁机构的同步开关理论及应用研究”(项目编号:2005A119),对永磁机构真空断路器的同步开关模糊控制技术进行了研究,并利用MATLAB相关工具箱对控制系统进行了仿真和分析,根据仿真结果设计了一种基于脉宽调制(PWM)的同步开关自适应反馈控制器,并对控制系统进行研究。
论文首先分析了永磁机构的结构和工作原理;然后主要针对双稳态永磁机构真空断路器分析了在开断和关合过程中的静态磁场耦合模型、动态分析数学模型和真空断路器的动态特性,并就永磁机构和真空断路器的匹配进行了分析;最后分析了基于双稳态永磁机构真空断路器的同步操作问题,深入研究了同步操作的模糊控制原理和算法,研究结果为最终实现永磁机构真空断路器的同步操作奠定了基础。
论文根据控制系统的需求,设计了一种基于TMS320LF2407A的双稳态永磁机构真空断路器的自适应反馈控制器,此控制器集控制、测量、开关量监测等功能于一体,可实现对永磁机构真空断路器动触头位移、控制电压和线圈电流的实时监测,具有一定的保护和闭锁等功能。
论文重点介绍了基于双稳态永磁机构真空断路器的模糊控制器的设计依据及过程,并利用MATLAB建立了同步开关模糊控制系统仿真模型。通过对系统最终仿真结果的分析,证明了该模糊控制算法的有效性,为进一步研究断路器同步操作的问题提供了重要数据,为深入研究永磁机构真空断路器的智能控制理论奠定了基础。
Synchronous switching, also called phasing switching, is used widely in electric power system to control and reduce switching transients, increase the interrupting capacity of switches, improve the reliability of electric power system and customer power quality. Many people have paid attention to the research and application of synchronous switching.
The paper focuses on permanent magnetic actuator of vacuum circuit breaker synchronous operation technology practical problem existing in power system, combining the education department of Sichuan Province important project "Research on permanent magnetic actuator synchronous switching theory and application( Project Number:2005A119)", introduces fuzzy control method to study the vacuum circuit breaker with bi-stable permanent magnetic actuator. It adopts MATLAB related toolbox to simulate and analyze. According to the simulation result, synchronous switching adaptive feedback controller based on PWM is designed.
In this paper, it introduces the structure and principle of permanent magnetic actuator at the first. Then the intellectual control technology of vacuum circuit breaker is discussed particularly. As a control object, the bi-stable permanent magnetic actuator is separated into basic principle so as to determine the nature of the whole. The direct-coupled models of magnetic fields for analysis and for calculation are presented. The static and dynamic characteristics of the models and dynamic behavior analysis and matching analysis for the vacuum circuit breaker with bi-stable permanent magnetic actuator are also discussed. For a further study, fuzzy neural network control technology based on synchronized-closing operation of vacuum circuit breaker is analyzed and the research conclusion is used for realizing the synchronized-closing of vacuum circuit breaker in the future.
According to the demand of market, the control unit based on single chip microprocessor TMS320LF2407A for intelligent breaker is designed for permanent magnetic actuator of vacuum circuit breaker adaptive feedback controller. The controller has many functions such as protection, control, measurement. The signals of currents, voltages, active power and reactive power are monitored in real time. The control unit can not only control opening/closing operation of circuit breaker, but also has the functions of over-current/under-voltage trip, closing/opening interlock for mal-operation and diagnosis functions.
In the end, The paper emphases on the design and introduction of fuzzy controller based on bi-stable permanent magnet actuator of vacuum circuit breaker. The synchronous switching fuzzy control system simulation model is established by using MATLAB. By means of analysis of the system's final artificial result, it proves the fuzzy control algorithm is effective. Furthermore, some important data are beneficial to further study on synchronized- switching of vacuum circuit breaker and intelligent control theory of vacuum circuit breaker with permanent magnetic actuator.
引文
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[2]邹积岩,王毅,开关智能化的概念与相关的理论问题[J].高压电器,2000,36(6):43-46.
[3]王季梅,钱予圭,论高压真空灭弧室和真空断路器的产品开发.高压电器[J].2003,39(1):65-67.
[4]张维明,关于永磁机构真空断路器的特点及应用.农村电气化[J],2002,(4):33.
[5]Ware B J,Synchronous switching of power systems Rep.13-205,CIGRE,1990.
[6]王章启,李喜桂,关于开关电器的智能化[J].高压电器,1999,3:46-48.
[7]马志瀛,陈晓宁,超高压SF6断路器的智能操作[J].中国电机工程学报,1999.7:11-15
[8]苏方春,陈晓宁,同步关合技术及其在并联电容器组投切中的应用[J].高压电器,1997,33(5):38-40.
[9]林萃,现代高压电器技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[10]李利,徐建源,同步并合控制的研究[J].中国电工技术学会第五届全国智能化电器及其应用研讨会,西安,2001,11
[11]E.Dullni,A vacuum circuit-breaker with permanent magnetic actuator for frequent operation[J].Proceedings 1998 ISDEIV ⅩⅧ,Eindhoven,pp.
[12]K.J.Froehlich,A.C.Carvalho,B.L.Avent.Controlled Closing on Shunt Reactor Compensated Transmission Lines Part Ⅰ:Closing Control Device Developmem[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1997,12(2):734-740.
[13]陈振生,智能化高压电器.电气开关[J].1998.5:3-9
[14]李岩,王胜辉,林莘,徐建源,安盛民.真空断路器永磁机构设计与分析软件的开发[J].高压电器,2003,39(1):34-37.
[15]钱家骊,徐国政,窦晓峰.中压断路器用永磁机构中线圈不同布置的分析[J].高压电器,2000,36(2):25-28.
[16]游一民,陈德桂,孙志强,张敬菽.基于动态分析的永磁机构最佳设计参数的选择[J].电工电能新技术,2004,23(1):43-47.
[17]方春恩,周承鸣,邹积岩,同步断路器的统计特性分析及自适应控制[J].高压电器,2006,42(3):183-185;
[18]张月存,金浩,周红霞等,真空断路器永磁操动机构的应用与发展[J].黑龙江电力,2006,28(4):254-255.
[19]ABB technical catalogue,Microprocessor-driven protection and control unit for the ISM module.
[20]何善庆,采用断路器同步合闸装置解决大朝山500kV系统内过电压问题[J].高压电器,2003,39(5):78-80.
[21]程战斌,法国阿尔斯通公司地Point-on-Wave Controller.西北电力技术,2004,32(6):42-45.
[22]游一民,郑军,罗文科,永磁机构及其发展动态.高压电器[J].2001,37(1):44-48.
[23]A J W Laminers,P P Leufkens,G C Schoonenbery,MV Vacuum Switchgear Based on Magnetic Actuators[J].In:IEE Conference Publication.No.459,1998:86-90.
[24]B A R Mcken,Dr C Reuber,Magnets and Vacuum-the Perfect Match[J].In:IEE Conference Publication.No.459,1998:73-79.
[25]高会军,林萃,蔡志远,永磁操动机构磁场计算及动特性计算[J].沈阳工业大学学报,2000,22(6):490—493
[26]周丽丽,27.5kV永磁机构真空断路器动态特性仿真研究[D]:(硕士学位论文).成都:西华大学,2008.
[27]裴海鹰,永磁机构与真空灭弧室运动特性的匹配分析[J].机构研究与应用,2007,20(2):41-43.
[28]黄瑜珑,王静君,徐国政等,配永磁操动机构真空断路器运动特性控制技术的研究[J].高压电器,2005,41(5):321-323.
[29]方春恩.同步真空开关的相关理论及其应用研究[D]:(博士学位论文).大连:大连理工大学,2004.
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