好氧颗粒污泥结合共代谢处理石化废水的研究
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摘要
本研究采用了气升式内循环间歇反应器(SBAR),利用逐步驯化以及共代谢的方法对好氧颗粒污泥处理石化废水展开了研究,旨在考察好氧颗粒污泥处理石化废水的性能,探索好氧颗粒的活性以及结构等特征,寻求好氧颗粒污泥处理石化废水的适宜途径与方法。
实验分为好氧颗粒污泥的培养和颗粒污泥处理石化废水两个阶段。阶段一共运行97天,以模拟废水作为进水,成功培养了稳定性较好的颗粒污泥,同时对其稳定性、物理性状、污染物去除效果等性能进行了考察。阶段二共运行126天,从该阶段开始便逐渐加入石化废水,使其在进水中的含量逐渐提高到100%,考察了好氧颗粒污泥污染物处理性能、运行稳定性,以及进水存在石化废水的情况下,颗粒污泥的生物活性、形态和结构等的变化。另外,在实验末期,为了研究好氧颗粒污泥与共代谢结合处理石化废水的效果,选定丙酸钠作为共基质添加到进水中,以促进共代谢作用的发生。
通过一系列实验分析发现,此研究培养的好氧颗粒生长速率较慢,经过97天的培养,平均颗粒粒径仅从0.06 mm增长到0.49 mm,可能的原因是有机负荷率(OLR)偏低。另外,石化废水对好氧颗粒特性影响较大,在添加石化废水之后,颗粒污泥的微观构成逐渐由球菌变为杆菌和短杆菌,而且随着石化废水添加比例的提高,胞外聚合物(EPS)含量逐渐从50.2 mg/gMLSS降到20.4 mg/gMLSS。在进水为100%的石化废水且未添加额外碳源时,颗粒的沉降性能出现急剧恶化,COD和NH4+-N去除效果也明显下降。但是在添加丙酸钠作为共基质之后EPS含量再次提升,最终增加到40.5mg/gMLSS,颗粒在污泥体积指数(SVI)、混合液挥发性悬浮固体浓度(MLVSS)等方面体现稳定趋势,并且COD、NH4+-N和总氮(TN)的平均去除率分别达到89%、94%和67%。
实验结果表明合适的共基质可以为好氧颗粒提供良好的营养条件。此研究选取的丙酸钠作为共基质为微生物提供了充足碳源,有利于好氧颗粒的生存和成长。相对于驯化方法,添加额外的共基质以共代谢方式运行,是维持颗粒污泥致密结构以及较好处理石化废水的一种更为有效的方法。
A sequencing batch airlift reactor (SBAR) was used in this study. By the methods of gradual domestication and co-metabolism, the treatment of petrochemical wastewater with aerobic granules was studied. The aim was to survey the properties of aerobic granules treating petrochemical wastewater and explore the features of aerobic granules such as activity, structure, etc. Good experimental results were eventually achieved.
Experiment was divided into two stages including cultivating aerobic granular sludge and disposing petrochemical wastewater by aerobic granular sludge. Phase 1 ran 97 days with synthetic wastewater as the influent of SBAR, and later the aerobic granular sludge with good stability was successfully obtained. At the same time, the stability, physical properties and pollutant removal performance of granules were investigated. Phase 2 ran 126 days. In this phase petrochemical wastewater was added into SBAR, and the proportion of petrochemical wastewater was gradually increased to 100%. During this time, the pollutant treatment performance, operational stability, biological activity, morphology and structure changes of aerobic granular sludge were investigated with the presence of petrochemical wastewater. Additionally, in order to study the treatment efficiency of petrochemical wastewater based on aerobic granule technology combining with co-metabolism method in the later experiment, sodium propionate was selected as a co-substrate and added to the feed for promoting the occurrence of co-metabolism.
Through a series of experimental analysis, it was found that the growth rate of aerobic granules cultivated in this study was slow. After 97 days, the mean granule size increased only from 0.06mm to 0.49 mm. A possible reason was that the organic loading rate (OLR) was low. In addition, petrochemical wastewater had a greater impact on the characteristics of aerobic granules. With the addition of petrochemical wastewater, the granular microstructure gradually changed from cocci to rod bacteria and short rod bacteria. Moreover, with the increase of petrochemical wastewater ratio, EPS content decreased gradually from 50.2 mg/gMLSS to 20.4 mg/gMLSS. When the influent was 100% of the petrochemical wastewater without any external carbon, granule settleability deteriorated sharply. Meanwhile, removal efficiencies of COD and NH4+-N obviously decreased as well. However, after sodium propionate was added as a co-substrate, EPS content increased again and eventually increased to 40.5 mg/gMLSS. Meanwhile, aerobic granules exhibited a steady trend in terms of sludge volume index (SVI), mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS), etc. Additionally, average removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N and TN in petrochemical wastewater reached 89%,94% and 67%, respectively.
The results showed that a suitable co-substrate could provide good nutrition conditions for aerobic granules. In this study, sodium propionate was selected as a co-substrate and it provided sufficient carbon source for microorganism, which was conducive to the survival and growth of aerobic granules. Compared with acclimatizing granules, adding additional co-substrate to stimulate the co-metabolism was an effective way to maintain compact structure of aerobic granules and ensure effective treatment of petrochemical wastewater.
实验分为好氧颗粒污泥的培养和颗粒污泥处理石化废水两个阶段。阶段一共运行97天,以模拟废水作为进水,成功培养了稳定性较好的颗粒污泥,同时对其稳定性、物理性状、污染物去除效果等性能进行了考察。阶段二共运行126天,从该阶段开始便逐渐加入石化废水,使其在进水中的含量逐渐提高到100%,考察了好氧颗粒污泥污染物处理性能、运行稳定性,以及进水存在石化废水的情况下,颗粒污泥的生物活性、形态和结构等的变化。另外,在实验末期,为了研究好氧颗粒污泥与共代谢结合处理石化废水的效果,选定丙酸钠作为共基质添加到进水中,以促进共代谢作用的发生。
通过一系列实验分析发现,此研究培养的好氧颗粒生长速率较慢,经过97天的培养,平均颗粒粒径仅从0.06 mm增长到0.49 mm,可能的原因是有机负荷率(OLR)偏低。另外,石化废水对好氧颗粒特性影响较大,在添加石化废水之后,颗粒污泥的微观构成逐渐由球菌变为杆菌和短杆菌,而且随着石化废水添加比例的提高,胞外聚合物(EPS)含量逐渐从50.2 mg/gMLSS降到20.4 mg/gMLSS。在进水为100%的石化废水且未添加额外碳源时,颗粒的沉降性能出现急剧恶化,COD和NH4+-N去除效果也明显下降。但是在添加丙酸钠作为共基质之后EPS含量再次提升,最终增加到40.5mg/gMLSS,颗粒在污泥体积指数(SVI)、混合液挥发性悬浮固体浓度(MLVSS)等方面体现稳定趋势,并且COD、NH4+-N和总氮(TN)的平均去除率分别达到89%、94%和67%。
实验结果表明合适的共基质可以为好氧颗粒提供良好的营养条件。此研究选取的丙酸钠作为共基质为微生物提供了充足碳源,有利于好氧颗粒的生存和成长。相对于驯化方法,添加额外的共基质以共代谢方式运行,是维持颗粒污泥致密结构以及较好处理石化废水的一种更为有效的方法。
A sequencing batch airlift reactor (SBAR) was used in this study. By the methods of gradual domestication and co-metabolism, the treatment of petrochemical wastewater with aerobic granules was studied. The aim was to survey the properties of aerobic granules treating petrochemical wastewater and explore the features of aerobic granules such as activity, structure, etc. Good experimental results were eventually achieved.
Experiment was divided into two stages including cultivating aerobic granular sludge and disposing petrochemical wastewater by aerobic granular sludge. Phase 1 ran 97 days with synthetic wastewater as the influent of SBAR, and later the aerobic granular sludge with good stability was successfully obtained. At the same time, the stability, physical properties and pollutant removal performance of granules were investigated. Phase 2 ran 126 days. In this phase petrochemical wastewater was added into SBAR, and the proportion of petrochemical wastewater was gradually increased to 100%. During this time, the pollutant treatment performance, operational stability, biological activity, morphology and structure changes of aerobic granular sludge were investigated with the presence of petrochemical wastewater. Additionally, in order to study the treatment efficiency of petrochemical wastewater based on aerobic granule technology combining with co-metabolism method in the later experiment, sodium propionate was selected as a co-substrate and added to the feed for promoting the occurrence of co-metabolism.
Through a series of experimental analysis, it was found that the growth rate of aerobic granules cultivated in this study was slow. After 97 days, the mean granule size increased only from 0.06mm to 0.49 mm. A possible reason was that the organic loading rate (OLR) was low. In addition, petrochemical wastewater had a greater impact on the characteristics of aerobic granules. With the addition of petrochemical wastewater, the granular microstructure gradually changed from cocci to rod bacteria and short rod bacteria. Moreover, with the increase of petrochemical wastewater ratio, EPS content decreased gradually from 50.2 mg/gMLSS to 20.4 mg/gMLSS. When the influent was 100% of the petrochemical wastewater without any external carbon, granule settleability deteriorated sharply. Meanwhile, removal efficiencies of COD and NH4+-N obviously decreased as well. However, after sodium propionate was added as a co-substrate, EPS content increased again and eventually increased to 40.5 mg/gMLSS. Meanwhile, aerobic granules exhibited a steady trend in terms of sludge volume index (SVI), mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS), etc. Additionally, average removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N and TN in petrochemical wastewater reached 89%,94% and 67%, respectively.
The results showed that a suitable co-substrate could provide good nutrition conditions for aerobic granules. In this study, sodium propionate was selected as a co-substrate and it provided sufficient carbon source for microorganism, which was conducive to the survival and growth of aerobic granules. Compared with acclimatizing granules, adding additional co-substrate to stimulate the co-metabolism was an effective way to maintain compact structure of aerobic granules and ensure effective treatment of petrochemical wastewater.
引文
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