基于GNSS的虚拟应答器研究
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摘要
应答器是中国列车控制系统CTCS中的主要定位设备。为了提高定位精度,轨道沿线需要铺设大量的应答器,从而增加系统成本和后期维护量。如何在保证列车定位精度需要的同时减少实际设置应当器的数量对CTCS的广泛实施具有重要现实意义。
随着全球导航定位系统GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System)的发展,国内外纷纷开展基于GNSS技术来实现虚拟应答器(Virtual Balise,简称VB)的研究,即采用GNSS接收机和相关软件实现查询应答器所有功能,用于模拟一个真正放置在轨道上的应答器。论文在分析虚拟应答器的功能需求、系统结构的基础上,对虚拟应答器各子系统构成、各运行状态之间的切换及其软件实现进行了设计;重点对虚拟应答器关键部分――铁路地图匹配算法和应答器捕获时机进行了研究,在分析VB的定位误差与定位输出频率、列车速度关系的基础上,设计了VB最优点捕获算法,当卫星导航定位系统正常工作时,列车运行到轨道上一个参考点(虚拟应答器点),通过实时的地图匹配技术实现参考点的最佳捕获,生成与实际应答器格式一致的信息,并向应答器传输模块(BTM)发送,从而使虚拟应答器与常规应答器具有相同的接口功能,便于列车控制系统的采用。
论文采用Visual C ++6.0编程工具和Mapx地图控件实现查询应答器功能。软件经采用青藏线GPS数据测试,能准确捕获前方虚拟应答器信息实现虚拟应答器功能。
Balise is the main positioning device in China Train Control System. But massively deployed balises along the track to achieve higher precision will add system construction and maintenance cost. It has realistic significance if train positioning precision and the reduced number of actually deployed balises can be both guaranteed.
With the development of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), some countries begin to conduct Virtual Balise(VB) research based on GNSS. The main aim is to realize balise all functions by using GNSS receiver and related software. A VB can perform just like an actual balise on trackside. On the basis of analyzing VB functional requirement and system architecture, VB sub-system architecture and requirement and status transfer and software is designed and implemented. The research is emphasized on train map matching algorithm and VB capturing time. After analyzing the relations among VB position error, position output frequency and train speed, VB optimization capturing algorithm is proposed. Assume that GNSS receiver is working correctly and a train moves to a reference point on the track (VB point), VB system can perform real-time map matching and capture optimized VB point to generate certain message with the same format as a actual balise and send to the BTM. So that VB has the same interface function as a regular actual balise.
The function of VB is realized by using Visual C++6.0 and active control called MapX. Software function has been validated by Tibet railway data, appointed VBs can be successfully captured and related VB function is realized.
随着全球导航定位系统GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System)的发展,国内外纷纷开展基于GNSS技术来实现虚拟应答器(Virtual Balise,简称VB)的研究,即采用GNSS接收机和相关软件实现查询应答器所有功能,用于模拟一个真正放置在轨道上的应答器。论文在分析虚拟应答器的功能需求、系统结构的基础上,对虚拟应答器各子系统构成、各运行状态之间的切换及其软件实现进行了设计;重点对虚拟应答器关键部分――铁路地图匹配算法和应答器捕获时机进行了研究,在分析VB的定位误差与定位输出频率、列车速度关系的基础上,设计了VB最优点捕获算法,当卫星导航定位系统正常工作时,列车运行到轨道上一个参考点(虚拟应答器点),通过实时的地图匹配技术实现参考点的最佳捕获,生成与实际应答器格式一致的信息,并向应答器传输模块(BTM)发送,从而使虚拟应答器与常规应答器具有相同的接口功能,便于列车控制系统的采用。
论文采用Visual C ++6.0编程工具和Mapx地图控件实现查询应答器功能。软件经采用青藏线GPS数据测试,能准确捕获前方虚拟应答器信息实现虚拟应答器功能。
Balise is the main positioning device in China Train Control System. But massively deployed balises along the track to achieve higher precision will add system construction and maintenance cost. It has realistic significance if train positioning precision and the reduced number of actually deployed balises can be both guaranteed.
With the development of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), some countries begin to conduct Virtual Balise(VB) research based on GNSS. The main aim is to realize balise all functions by using GNSS receiver and related software. A VB can perform just like an actual balise on trackside. On the basis of analyzing VB functional requirement and system architecture, VB sub-system architecture and requirement and status transfer and software is designed and implemented. The research is emphasized on train map matching algorithm and VB capturing time. After analyzing the relations among VB position error, position output frequency and train speed, VB optimization capturing algorithm is proposed. Assume that GNSS receiver is working correctly and a train moves to a reference point on the track (VB point), VB system can perform real-time map matching and capture optimized VB point to generate certain message with the same format as a actual balise and send to the BTM. So that VB has the same interface function as a regular actual balise.
The function of VB is realized by using Visual C++6.0 and active control called MapX. Software function has been validated by Tibet railway data, appointed VBs can be successfully captured and related VB function is realized.
引文
[1] 杨志杰, 范浦辉等.适应于高速运营与提速的查询应答器系统[J].中国铁道科学, 2002,23(2). 46-47
[2] 魏敏,孙亮等.欧洲应答器系统简介和国内研制的初步分析[J].铁道通信信号,2005,41。
[3] ORS Team. ETCS-LC Operational Requirement Specifications[S]. 2000.
[4] G. Barbu. REQUIREMENTS OF RAIL APPLICATIONS[R]. GNSS RAIL USER FORUM,2000
[5] ETCS-LC Specification Group. ERTMS REGIONAL Operational Scenarios[R].2003
[6] V. Thevenot (Technicatome / France), T. Bruckmueller, C. Doederlein, P. Mattos, R. Sarfati, W. Lechner, M. Tossaint. ECORAIL: A Step Towards Safe Railway Controlling Systems based on Satellite Positioning [A].In:GNSS 2003 - The European Navigation Conference[C].2003.
[7] GADEROS. Galileo Demonstrator for Railway Operation System Final Report[R]. 2005.
[8] 高桂桂,蔡伯根.列车监控系统专用数字地图自动生成算法的研究[J].铁道学报,2006,2.第28卷第一期。
[9] 毕危危,蔡伯根. 基于GNSS的列控系统地图匹配技术的研究. [J].北京交通大学学报,2006年,第29卷.
[10] 杨志杰, 范浦辉等.适应于高速运营与提速的查询应答器系统[J].中国铁道科学, 2002,23(2). 46-47
[11] 魏敏,孙亮等.欧洲应答器系统简介和国内研制的初步分析[J].铁道通信信号,2005,41。
[12] 《既有线CTCS-2级区段应答器报文定义及应用原则(暂行)》。
[13] 陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎﹒地理信息系统导论﹒科学出版社﹒1999年5月第一版
[14] 毕危危. 基于GNSS的列控系统地图匹配技术的研究. [硕士学位论文].北京交通大学2006.3
[15] H.Gomm. Data Format Specification for the Track data base[Z],locoprol. 2002
[16] G. Barbu. Virtual Balise Functional Requirement Specification [R].European Rail Research Institute (ERRI),2002 6.
[17] G. Barbu. Virtual Balise Architecture and sub-system requirement specification.[R] European Rail Research Institute(ERRI),2002. 9.
[18] GALILEO – first half year report 2004. End of the project GADEROS – results and conclusions [R] UIC, 2004. 6. 5-6.
[19] SUBSET-036-V2.FFFIS for Eurobalise[S].2003
[2] 魏敏,孙亮等.欧洲应答器系统简介和国内研制的初步分析[J].铁道通信信号,2005,41。
[3] ORS Team. ETCS-LC Operational Requirement Specifications[S]. 2000.
[4] G. Barbu. REQUIREMENTS OF RAIL APPLICATIONS[R]. GNSS RAIL USER FORUM,2000
[5] ETCS-LC Specification Group. ERTMS REGIONAL Operational Scenarios[R].2003
[6] V. Thevenot (Technicatome / France), T. Bruckmueller, C. Doederlein, P. Mattos, R. Sarfati, W. Lechner, M. Tossaint. ECORAIL: A Step Towards Safe Railway Controlling Systems based on Satellite Positioning [A].In:GNSS 2003 - The European Navigation Conference[C].2003.
[7] GADEROS. Galileo Demonstrator for Railway Operation System Final Report[R]. 2005.
[8] 高桂桂,蔡伯根.列车监控系统专用数字地图自动生成算法的研究[J].铁道学报,2006,2.第28卷第一期。
[9] 毕危危,蔡伯根. 基于GNSS的列控系统地图匹配技术的研究. [J].北京交通大学学报,2006年,第29卷.
[10] 杨志杰, 范浦辉等.适应于高速运营与提速的查询应答器系统[J].中国铁道科学, 2002,23(2). 46-47
[11] 魏敏,孙亮等.欧洲应答器系统简介和国内研制的初步分析[J].铁道通信信号,2005,41。
[12] 《既有线CTCS-2级区段应答器报文定义及应用原则(暂行)》。
[13] 陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎﹒地理信息系统导论﹒科学出版社﹒1999年5月第一版
[14] 毕危危. 基于GNSS的列控系统地图匹配技术的研究. [硕士学位论文].北京交通大学2006.3
[15] H.Gomm. Data Format Specification for the Track data base[Z],locoprol. 2002
[16] G. Barbu. Virtual Balise Functional Requirement Specification [R].European Rail Research Institute (ERRI),2002 6.
[17] G. Barbu. Virtual Balise Architecture and sub-system requirement specification.[R] European Rail Research Institute(ERRI),2002. 9.
[18] GALILEO – first half year report 2004. End of the project GADEROS – results and conclusions [R] UIC, 2004. 6. 5-6.
[19] SUBSET-036-V2.FFFIS for Eurobalise[S].2003