基于光纤传感器的液面高度测量技术研究
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摘要
在工业上,液位测量非常普遍。近年来,随着计算机、光纤、传感器等高新技术的不断发展,有关光纤传感系统应用于液面高度即液位测量的实例很多,传统的光纤液位测量有很多种方式,其光纤液位传感系统既有简单的遮光式光纤液位传感器、基于光纤压力传感的原理,也有基于表面反射光纤传感原理的。而在新兴的光纤器件中,光纤光栅以其独特的优势得到了人们的关注。基于光纤光栅的光纤传感器在液面高度测量上也有着很多不可取代的优点。
本文首先采用光纤光栅传感器设计了光纤光栅液位传感系统,从实验的角度对基于光纤光栅传感的液面高度测量技术做了论证。然后根据表面反射光纤传感原理设计了更适合工业应用,实用性更强的基于强度调制型的光纤液面高度测量系统,从表面反射式光纤传感器的原理入手,讨论了系统的光纤传感系统和信号处理系统的硬件构成,并对系统中可能出现的误差进行了分析,提出了提高系统测量精度的方法。
本文所作的主要工作:
1、深入分析并比较了传统的光纤液位方法,特别是重点讨论了光纤光栅用作液面高度测量技术的可能性及实际应有中的增敏封装问题。
2、选择表面反射式光纤传感器作为传感元件来进行液面高度的测量,研究了关键器件的选择、光电转换电路的设计等硬件系统的架构以及测量过程中可能产生的误差进行了分析。
3、对两种采用不同敏感元件的光纤液面高度测量系统从实验角度和实际应用上进行了论证和总结,并对液面高度测量技术上光纤传感的进一步应用做了展望。
The liquid level measurement is very common in the industry. There are many optical fiber sensor system examples that applied to liquid level measurement recently, with the continuous high-tech development such as computers, fiber, sensors. Traditional optical fiber liquid level measurement has a number of ways, such as simple shading type optical fiber sensing system, optical fiber pressure sensing system, and reflective fiber-optic sensing system. In the new optical devices, optical fiber grating has unique advantages which attract peoples' attention. Also the fiber sensor based on fiber grating has advantage in liquid level measurement.
In this paper, using Fiber Bragg Grating sensor designed FBG sensor liquid level system, from the experimental point of view based on FBG sensing liquid level measurement technology to do a demonstration. Then According to the reflective optical fiber sensor to design the liquid level measurement system more suitable for industrial applications which is based on the intensity modulation, we discuss how to build the optical fiber sensing system and signal processing system from the principle of reflective optical fiber sensor, and analyze the error in the process of measuring, give the way to improve the accuracy of the measurement system.
Main contents:
1. To compare the traditional method of optical fiber liquid level, in particular, focused on possibilities that the fiber grating used as a liquid level measurement and its enhancement and package in practical application.
2. Make the reflective optical fiber sensor as the sensing element to measure the liquid level, investigate the hardware architecture of the system such as key device choice and photoelectric conversion circuit design etc. as well as the potential error analysis in the process of measuring.
3. To Analysis two different sensitive optical components in the liquid level measurement system from the point of the experiment and on the practical application, give further prospect on liquid level optical fiber sensing technology.
本文首先采用光纤光栅传感器设计了光纤光栅液位传感系统,从实验的角度对基于光纤光栅传感的液面高度测量技术做了论证。然后根据表面反射光纤传感原理设计了更适合工业应用,实用性更强的基于强度调制型的光纤液面高度测量系统,从表面反射式光纤传感器的原理入手,讨论了系统的光纤传感系统和信号处理系统的硬件构成,并对系统中可能出现的误差进行了分析,提出了提高系统测量精度的方法。
本文所作的主要工作:
1、深入分析并比较了传统的光纤液位方法,特别是重点讨论了光纤光栅用作液面高度测量技术的可能性及实际应有中的增敏封装问题。
2、选择表面反射式光纤传感器作为传感元件来进行液面高度的测量,研究了关键器件的选择、光电转换电路的设计等硬件系统的架构以及测量过程中可能产生的误差进行了分析。
3、对两种采用不同敏感元件的光纤液面高度测量系统从实验角度和实际应用上进行了论证和总结,并对液面高度测量技术上光纤传感的进一步应用做了展望。
The liquid level measurement is very common in the industry. There are many optical fiber sensor system examples that applied to liquid level measurement recently, with the continuous high-tech development such as computers, fiber, sensors. Traditional optical fiber liquid level measurement has a number of ways, such as simple shading type optical fiber sensing system, optical fiber pressure sensing system, and reflective fiber-optic sensing system. In the new optical devices, optical fiber grating has unique advantages which attract peoples' attention. Also the fiber sensor based on fiber grating has advantage in liquid level measurement.
In this paper, using Fiber Bragg Grating sensor designed FBG sensor liquid level system, from the experimental point of view based on FBG sensing liquid level measurement technology to do a demonstration. Then According to the reflective optical fiber sensor to design the liquid level measurement system more suitable for industrial applications which is based on the intensity modulation, we discuss how to build the optical fiber sensing system and signal processing system from the principle of reflective optical fiber sensor, and analyze the error in the process of measuring, give the way to improve the accuracy of the measurement system.
Main contents:
1. To compare the traditional method of optical fiber liquid level, in particular, focused on possibilities that the fiber grating used as a liquid level measurement and its enhancement and package in practical application.
2. Make the reflective optical fiber sensor as the sensing element to measure the liquid level, investigate the hardware architecture of the system such as key device choice and photoelectric conversion circuit design etc. as well as the potential error analysis in the process of measuring.
3. To Analysis two different sensitive optical components in the liquid level measurement system from the point of the experiment and on the practical application, give further prospect on liquid level optical fiber sensing technology.
引文
[1]杨华勇,吕海宝,徐涛.反射式强度型光纤传感器的研究.传感技术学报.2001,12(4):349-355
[2]杨华勇,吕海宝,徐涛等.反射式光纤传感器光纤参量对调制系数的影响.光子学报.2002,31(1):74-78
[3]张诚,王金海,陈才和等.基于DSP的干涉型光纤传感器检测系统的研究与设计.传感技术学报.2007,20(1):64-67
[4]郭鹏,张朝晖,弓志谦等.基于DSP的油井动态液面测量系统.测井技术.2007,31(1):42-44
[5]常海祥,杨洁明.基于Labview的油罐液面高度监测系统.机械管理开发.2007,96(3):41-42
[6]刘勇,王新阁,孟庆迪.基于Matlab/Simulink的电液位置伺服系统可视化仿真.装备制造技术.2007,6:64-65
[7]齐新云,叶杨高.基于单片机的光纤液位传感器的设计.光缆光纤传输技术.2006,2:35-37
[8]周玲,张记龙,洪志刚.基于单片机的液位超声检测电路设计.科技情报开发与经济.2006,16(2):230-232
[9]李国哲,于清旭.基于光纤受抑全内反射原理的高精度液位传感器研究.仪表技术与传感器.2004,2:50-54
[10]张明照,王伯雄,罗秀芝等.基于棋盘光栅Ronchi检验法的微变液面测量.光学精密工程.2007,15(6):812-817
[11]吴少舫.基于现场总线控制的加油站光纤传感计量系统研究.计量技术.2006,1:9-13
[12]丁跃浇,谭桂仁.基于智能SLPC的液位监控系统设计.控制工程.2007,14(4):404-409
[14]张光玉,姜守忠.满液式蒸发器的液位检测与控制.制冷空调.2006,27(1):56-58
[14]刘敬文,双法兰差压变送器液位测量校验全面解析.石油化工自动化.2006,2:82-84
[15]李福进,张淑卿,陈至坤.新型光纤液位测量系统的研究.仪表技术与传感器.2006,6:58-60
[16]杨雷,王彩申,卢广建.液位测量中的信号采集与处理.微计算机信息.2006,22(4-1):177-180
[17]李宁宁,宋苏.一种鲁棒神经网络自适应控制策略及应用.控制工程.2007,14(3):290-293
[18]张丽红,李艳萍,侯桂凤等.一种强度补偿反射式光纤位移传感器的研究.农机化研究.2006,5:72-74
[19]赵晓云,顾铮先.光纤Bragg光栅与长周期光纤光栅比较及传感应用.传感器与微系统.2007。26(2):11-14
[20]何万迅,施文康,何朔等.长周期光纤光栅:原理、制备与应用.光学技术.2001,27(5):398-402
[21]伊林,杨冬晓,陈松涛.光纤光栅液位传感技术研究.传感技术学报.2005,18(3):669-671
[22]郭振武,李维祥,孙桂玲.基于F-P腔和FBG的强度调制型光纤液位传感器.光学技术.2007,33(增):120-123
[23]郭宏雷,刘丽辉,金龙等.光纤布喇格光栅的压力增敏封装研究.压电与声光.2005,27(4):346-348
[24]李景义,饶云江,牛永昌等.基于新型长周期光纤的低成本应变传感系统.光子学报.2005,34(3):431-433
[25]尚丽平,张淑清,史锦珊等.光纤光栅传感器的现状与发展.燕山大学学报.2001,25(2):139-144
[26]张向东,李育林,王卫平等.传感用光纤光栅写入技术的研究和发展.激光技术.2004,28(5):506-510
[27]周智,王赫喆,欧进萍.无外力影响光纤Bragg光栅封装温度传感器.传感器与微系统.2006,25(3):57-60
[28]庄华伟,李炳炎.光纤液位传感器在自动控制系统中应用.电子测量技术.2004,4:45-46
[29]闵海年,张兆青,杨世清等.单点源、双探头新型液位计的研究与应用.原子能科学技术.1997,31(4):368-371
[30]李叶芳,梁秀萍,王晓旭等.基于光纤形状改变实现的液位传感器实验.物理实验.2006,26(2):32-34
[31]李冬梅.国内外液位计量仪表技术发展动向.仪器仪表用户.2002,9(3):5-7
[32]齐永生,宋生奎,涂亚庆.储油罐液位测量技术现状与发展趋势.石油工程建设.2006,32(4):1-2
[33]骆宇锋,高应俊,刘志麟等.新型光纤液位传感器及其系统研究.传感器技术.2005,24(5):19-22
[34]Chunn-Yenn Lin,lon A.Wang,Gia-wei Chen.Corrugated Long-period fiber gratings as strain,torsion,and bending sensors.2001,19(8):1159-1168
[35]Haijime sakata,aisashi ito.Optical fiber temperature sensor using a pair of nonidentical long-period fiber gratings for intensity-based sensing.Optics communications,2007,280:87-90
[36]Wanxun He,wenkang Shi,Ping cai et al.Applications of acrylate-based polymer and silicone resin on LPFG-based devices.Optical materials.2002,21:507-510
[37]S.T.Oh,W.T.Han,U.C.Paeket al.Azimuthally symmetric long-period fiber gratings fabricated with CO_2 laser.2004,41(3):188-190
[38]Xiaowei Dong,Suchun Feng,Ou xu et al.Add/drop channel filter based on two parallel long-period fiber gratings coupler,Optik optics.2008,1-5
[39]Katya E Romo-medrano,sergei N khotiaintsev,Victor Garcia-Garduno.Optical-fiber sensor system for monitoring the performance of the gas-propellant centrifuge separator of a spacecraft.2004,15:1568-1575
[40]Ramon Casanella et al.Continuous Liquid level measurement using a linear electrode array.Meas.Sci.Technol.2007,18:1859-1866
[41]H.J.Patrick Self-aligning,bipolar bend transducer based on long period grating written in eccentric core fiber.2000,36(21):1763-1764
[42]J Z Gao,Y L Zhao,Z D Jiang.Design and performance characterization of a fibre optical sensor for liquid level monitoring.Journal of Physics:conference series 13(2005):77-80
[43]Hossein Golhnabi.Design and operation of a fiber optic sensor for liquid level detection,optics and lasers in engineering.2004,41:801-812
[44]J.T.M.Stevenson Metrological gratings and moir(?) fringe detection methods for displacement transducers.IEEE proceedings.1989,136(5):243-253
[45]Binfeng Yun,Na Chen,Yiping Cui.Highly Sensitive Liquid-Level Sensor based on etched fiber bragg grating.IEEE photonics technology letters.2007,19(21):1747-1749
[46]Giovanni Betta.A digital liquid level transducer based on optical fiber.IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement.1996,45(2):551-555
[47]Peng-Chun Peng,Hong-Yih Tseng,Sien Chi.Fiber-ring laser-based fiber grating sensor system using self-healing ring architecture.Microwave and optical technology letters 2002,35(6): 441-444
[48] I.Del Villar, I. R.Matias, F. J. Arregui. Deposition of coatings on long-period fiber gratings:tunnel effect analogy. (2006)38:655-665
[49] F. Perez-Ocon, M. Rubini, J. M. Abril.P. Casanova, J.A.Martinez, Fiber-optic liquid-level continuous gauge Liquid level measurement system. Sensors and actuators A 2006(125):124-132
[50] Tetsuzo Hatazawa, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Jufiro Kagani et al. Application of micro-displacement characteristics to nanoscale positioning. Wear 2004(257) :1226- 1229
[2]杨华勇,吕海宝,徐涛等.反射式光纤传感器光纤参量对调制系数的影响.光子学报.2002,31(1):74-78
[3]张诚,王金海,陈才和等.基于DSP的干涉型光纤传感器检测系统的研究与设计.传感技术学报.2007,20(1):64-67
[4]郭鹏,张朝晖,弓志谦等.基于DSP的油井动态液面测量系统.测井技术.2007,31(1):42-44
[5]常海祥,杨洁明.基于Labview的油罐液面高度监测系统.机械管理开发.2007,96(3):41-42
[6]刘勇,王新阁,孟庆迪.基于Matlab/Simulink的电液位置伺服系统可视化仿真.装备制造技术.2007,6:64-65
[7]齐新云,叶杨高.基于单片机的光纤液位传感器的设计.光缆光纤传输技术.2006,2:35-37
[8]周玲,张记龙,洪志刚.基于单片机的液位超声检测电路设计.科技情报开发与经济.2006,16(2):230-232
[9]李国哲,于清旭.基于光纤受抑全内反射原理的高精度液位传感器研究.仪表技术与传感器.2004,2:50-54
[10]张明照,王伯雄,罗秀芝等.基于棋盘光栅Ronchi检验法的微变液面测量.光学精密工程.2007,15(6):812-817
[11]吴少舫.基于现场总线控制的加油站光纤传感计量系统研究.计量技术.2006,1:9-13
[12]丁跃浇,谭桂仁.基于智能SLPC的液位监控系统设计.控制工程.2007,14(4):404-409
[14]张光玉,姜守忠.满液式蒸发器的液位检测与控制.制冷空调.2006,27(1):56-58
[14]刘敬文,双法兰差压变送器液位测量校验全面解析.石油化工自动化.2006,2:82-84
[15]李福进,张淑卿,陈至坤.新型光纤液位测量系统的研究.仪表技术与传感器.2006,6:58-60
[16]杨雷,王彩申,卢广建.液位测量中的信号采集与处理.微计算机信息.2006,22(4-1):177-180
[17]李宁宁,宋苏.一种鲁棒神经网络自适应控制策略及应用.控制工程.2007,14(3):290-293
[18]张丽红,李艳萍,侯桂凤等.一种强度补偿反射式光纤位移传感器的研究.农机化研究.2006,5:72-74
[19]赵晓云,顾铮先.光纤Bragg光栅与长周期光纤光栅比较及传感应用.传感器与微系统.2007。26(2):11-14
[20]何万迅,施文康,何朔等.长周期光纤光栅:原理、制备与应用.光学技术.2001,27(5):398-402
[21]伊林,杨冬晓,陈松涛.光纤光栅液位传感技术研究.传感技术学报.2005,18(3):669-671
[22]郭振武,李维祥,孙桂玲.基于F-P腔和FBG的强度调制型光纤液位传感器.光学技术.2007,33(增):120-123
[23]郭宏雷,刘丽辉,金龙等.光纤布喇格光栅的压力增敏封装研究.压电与声光.2005,27(4):346-348
[24]李景义,饶云江,牛永昌等.基于新型长周期光纤的低成本应变传感系统.光子学报.2005,34(3):431-433
[25]尚丽平,张淑清,史锦珊等.光纤光栅传感器的现状与发展.燕山大学学报.2001,25(2):139-144
[26]张向东,李育林,王卫平等.传感用光纤光栅写入技术的研究和发展.激光技术.2004,28(5):506-510
[27]周智,王赫喆,欧进萍.无外力影响光纤Bragg光栅封装温度传感器.传感器与微系统.2006,25(3):57-60
[28]庄华伟,李炳炎.光纤液位传感器在自动控制系统中应用.电子测量技术.2004,4:45-46
[29]闵海年,张兆青,杨世清等.单点源、双探头新型液位计的研究与应用.原子能科学技术.1997,31(4):368-371
[30]李叶芳,梁秀萍,王晓旭等.基于光纤形状改变实现的液位传感器实验.物理实验.2006,26(2):32-34
[31]李冬梅.国内外液位计量仪表技术发展动向.仪器仪表用户.2002,9(3):5-7
[32]齐永生,宋生奎,涂亚庆.储油罐液位测量技术现状与发展趋势.石油工程建设.2006,32(4):1-2
[33]骆宇锋,高应俊,刘志麟等.新型光纤液位传感器及其系统研究.传感器技术.2005,24(5):19-22
[34]Chunn-Yenn Lin,lon A.Wang,Gia-wei Chen.Corrugated Long-period fiber gratings as strain,torsion,and bending sensors.2001,19(8):1159-1168
[35]Haijime sakata,aisashi ito.Optical fiber temperature sensor using a pair of nonidentical long-period fiber gratings for intensity-based sensing.Optics communications,2007,280:87-90
[36]Wanxun He,wenkang Shi,Ping cai et al.Applications of acrylate-based polymer and silicone resin on LPFG-based devices.Optical materials.2002,21:507-510
[37]S.T.Oh,W.T.Han,U.C.Paeket al.Azimuthally symmetric long-period fiber gratings fabricated with CO_2 laser.2004,41(3):188-190
[38]Xiaowei Dong,Suchun Feng,Ou xu et al.Add/drop channel filter based on two parallel long-period fiber gratings coupler,Optik optics.2008,1-5
[39]Katya E Romo-medrano,sergei N khotiaintsev,Victor Garcia-Garduno.Optical-fiber sensor system for monitoring the performance of the gas-propellant centrifuge separator of a spacecraft.2004,15:1568-1575
[40]Ramon Casanella et al.Continuous Liquid level measurement using a linear electrode array.Meas.Sci.Technol.2007,18:1859-1866
[41]H.J.Patrick Self-aligning,bipolar bend transducer based on long period grating written in eccentric core fiber.2000,36(21):1763-1764
[42]J Z Gao,Y L Zhao,Z D Jiang.Design and performance characterization of a fibre optical sensor for liquid level monitoring.Journal of Physics:conference series 13(2005):77-80
[43]Hossein Golhnabi.Design and operation of a fiber optic sensor for liquid level detection,optics and lasers in engineering.2004,41:801-812
[44]J.T.M.Stevenson Metrological gratings and moir(?) fringe detection methods for displacement transducers.IEEE proceedings.1989,136(5):243-253
[45]Binfeng Yun,Na Chen,Yiping Cui.Highly Sensitive Liquid-Level Sensor based on etched fiber bragg grating.IEEE photonics technology letters.2007,19(21):1747-1749
[46]Giovanni Betta.A digital liquid level transducer based on optical fiber.IEEE transactions on instrumentation and measurement.1996,45(2):551-555
[47]Peng-Chun Peng,Hong-Yih Tseng,Sien Chi.Fiber-ring laser-based fiber grating sensor system using self-healing ring architecture.Microwave and optical technology letters 2002,35(6): 441-444
[48] I.Del Villar, I. R.Matias, F. J. Arregui. Deposition of coatings on long-period fiber gratings:tunnel effect analogy. (2006)38:655-665
[49] F. Perez-Ocon, M. Rubini, J. M. Abril.P. Casanova, J.A.Martinez, Fiber-optic liquid-level continuous gauge Liquid level measurement system. Sensors and actuators A 2006(125):124-132
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