模型驱动架构在J2EE平台上的应用研究
摘要
自经历了20世纪60年代的“软件危机”后,人们已经逐步认识到软件工程的重要性。从面向过程的数据流图到面向对象的UML模型,从面向构件的“软件组装”到面向模式的软件体系结构,软件工程已经取得了长足的发展。虽然人们对软件开发过程的控制能力已经大大增强,但还是有些问题得不到根本解决。例如因为元数据不统一造成不同平台无法互操作、开发过程中文档和实现代码脱节等等。对象管理组织(OMG)为了解决这些长期困扰开发者的问题,提出了一种全新的软件开发架构——模型驱动架构(MDA)。
本文对MDA的产生背景、核心技术以及开发模型做了深入的剖析,介绍了统一建模语言(UML)、元对象设施(MOF)、数据仓库元模型(CWM)、XML元数据交换(XMI)等MDA相关标准。并以一个CRUD系统为项目背景,研究了MDA在J2EE平台上的应用开发和架构集成,讨论了实施中所遇到的问题并总结了MDA对软件开发的影响。
CRUD系统的开发实践表明,基于MDA的开发模式同步了文档和实现代码,提供了统一的元数据管理框架,其模型自动转换过程不仅能极大的缩短软件开发时间,而且能大幅度提高软件质量和复用度。
After the software crisis in 1960s, Software developers realized the importance of software engineering. From the Data-Flow diagram to the UML model, from the software component assembling to software architecture, great progresses have been achieved in the software engineering. Some problems still can’t be solved thoroughly, though software developers have strengthened the ability to control the development progress. For instance, software in different platforms can’t interactive with each other due to meta-data differences and the mismatch of development document and the source code. In order to solve these problems thoroughly which has made developers feel confused for long time, Object Management Group (OMG) recommends a pretty new software development method-Model Driven Architecture (MDA).
This thesis makes a thorough analysic towards the background, core technology and the development model of MDA, introduces Unified Modeling Language (UML); Meta-Object Facility (MOF); Common Warehouse Meta-model (CWM) and XML Meta-data Interchange (XMI) these MDA related standards, And by making CRUD system as the project background, This thesis researches the applications developing and architecture integrating of MDA based on the J2EE platform, discussed the problems faced during the inplementation, summarized the influences of the MDA brings to software development.
The practice of CRUD system development shows that the development makes which is based on MDA, can synchronize the document, realizes the source code and provide the unified metamodel management framework. The automatic model conversion not only can reduce the time in the software development, but also can greatly improve the software quality and software reusing.
本文对MDA的产生背景、核心技术以及开发模型做了深入的剖析,介绍了统一建模语言(UML)、元对象设施(MOF)、数据仓库元模型(CWM)、XML元数据交换(XMI)等MDA相关标准。并以一个CRUD系统为项目背景,研究了MDA在J2EE平台上的应用开发和架构集成,讨论了实施中所遇到的问题并总结了MDA对软件开发的影响。
CRUD系统的开发实践表明,基于MDA的开发模式同步了文档和实现代码,提供了统一的元数据管理框架,其模型自动转换过程不仅能极大的缩短软件开发时间,而且能大幅度提高软件质量和复用度。
After the software crisis in 1960s, Software developers realized the importance of software engineering. From the Data-Flow diagram to the UML model, from the software component assembling to software architecture, great progresses have been achieved in the software engineering. Some problems still can’t be solved thoroughly, though software developers have strengthened the ability to control the development progress. For instance, software in different platforms can’t interactive with each other due to meta-data differences and the mismatch of development document and the source code. In order to solve these problems thoroughly which has made developers feel confused for long time, Object Management Group (OMG) recommends a pretty new software development method-Model Driven Architecture (MDA).
This thesis makes a thorough analysic towards the background, core technology and the development model of MDA, introduces Unified Modeling Language (UML); Meta-Object Facility (MOF); Common Warehouse Meta-model (CWM) and XML Meta-data Interchange (XMI) these MDA related standards, And by making CRUD system as the project background, This thesis researches the applications developing and architecture integrating of MDA based on the J2EE platform, discussed the problems faced during the inplementation, summarized the influences of the MDA brings to software development.
The practice of CRUD system development shows that the development makes which is based on MDA, can synchronize the document, realizes the source code and provide the unified metamodel management framework. The automatic model conversion not only can reduce the time in the software development, but also can greatly improve the software quality and software reusing.
引文
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2. 郑人杰, 殷人昆, 陶永雷. 实用软件工程. 第二版. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2000
3. 蔡敏,徐慧慧,黄炳强等著,UML 基础与 Rose 建模教程. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2006
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5. David S.Frankel 著, 鲍志云译. 应用 MDA. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003
6. Anneke Kleppe, Jos Warmer, Wim Bast 著, 鲍志云译. 解析 MDA. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2004
7. OMG Meta Object Facility (MOF). http://www.omg.org
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11. OMG Model Driven Architecture (MDA). Draf, July 2001, http://www.omg.org
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13. Katharine Whitechead 著, 王海鹏, 沈华峰译. 基于组件的开发. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003
14. 韩宏志译, Stuart Dabbs Halloway 著. JAVA 平台组件开发. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2004
15. StephenJ. Mellor, Kendall Scott, Axel Uhl, Dirk Weise. MDA Distilled: Principles of Model Driven Architecture. Addison Wesley Professional. 2004
16. John Hunt,Chris Loftus 等著. 精通 J2EE——java 企业级应用. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2004
17. 胡文慈, 赵文, 张世砚, 王立福. 基于构件技术的应用框架元模型的研究. 软件学报,2004,15(1):1-8
18. 潘锋, 李腊元. 基于 EJB 服务器的应用系统的设计与实现. 计算机应用. 2001,21(12):32-33
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21. Pravin V Tulachan 著, 肖国尊, 马擎予等译. EJB 2.0 组件开发指南. 北京:清华大学出版社,2002
22. Peter Coad 著, 对象模型策略、模式与应用. (第 2 版)(影印版). 北京:清华大学出版社, 2004
23. David Carlson 著, 周靖等译. XML 应用的 UML 建模技术. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2003
24. 陶隽, 赵文耘, 杨俊. 利用 UML 建模设计 EJB 应用系统. 计算机工程. 2002,28(3):253-255
25. 杨芙清. 软件工程技术发展思索. 软件学报, 2005.16(23):1-7
26. 冀振燕著. UML 系统分析设计与应用案例. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003
27. Jon Siegel, Using OMG's Model Driven Architecture to Integrate Web Services. From http://www.omg.org/mda/presentations.htm
28. UML 软件工程组织. http://www.uml.org.cn
29. Jos Warmer, Anneke Kleppe. Object Constraint Language, The Getting Your Models Ready for MDA, Second Edition. Addison Wesley, 2003
30. 李静燕. 基于 MDA 的构件开发方法的研究. 硕士学位论文. 河海大学, 2004
31. Khawar Zaman Ahmed,Cary E.Umrysh 著, 康博译. 用 J2EE 和 UML 开发 java 企业级应用程序. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2002
32. 朱奎. 基于 xUMI.模型驱动架构的应用研究. 硕士学位论文. 大连海事大学, 2004
33. P.Harman, MDA: An Idea Whose Time Has Come, Cutter Consortium,2003
34. Kabira Tech Inc. Adaptive Real-time Infrastructure for a complete OMG MDA. From http://www.ome.org/mda/presentations.htm
2. 郑人杰, 殷人昆, 陶永雷. 实用软件工程. 第二版. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2000
3. 蔡敏,徐慧慧,黄炳强等著,UML 基础与 Rose 建模教程. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2006
4. Anneke Kleppe, Jos Warmer, Wim Bast. MDA Explained: The Practice and Promise of The Model Driven Archtecture. Addison Wesley, 2003
5. David S.Frankel 著, 鲍志云译. 应用 MDA. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003
6. Anneke Kleppe, Jos Warmer, Wim Bast 著, 鲍志云译. 解析 MDA. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2004
7. OMG Meta Object Facility (MOF). http://www.omg.org
8. OMG Unified Modeling Language (UML). http://www.omg.org
9. OMG Common Warehouse Metamodel (CWM). http://www.omg.org
10. OMG XML Metadata Interchange (XMI). http://www.omg.org
11. OMG Model Driven Architecture (MDA). Draf, July 2001, http://www.omg.org
12. 孙更新, 周峰,宾晟等著,白领就业指南:J2EE 开发员成长之路. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2006
13. Katharine Whitechead 著, 王海鹏, 沈华峰译. 基于组件的开发. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003
14. 韩宏志译, Stuart Dabbs Halloway 著. JAVA 平台组件开发. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2004
15. StephenJ. Mellor, Kendall Scott, Axel Uhl, Dirk Weise. MDA Distilled: Principles of Model Driven Architecture. Addison Wesley Professional. 2004
16. John Hunt,Chris Loftus 等著. 精通 J2EE——java 企业级应用. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2004
17. 胡文慈, 赵文, 张世砚, 王立福. 基于构件技术的应用框架元模型的研究. 软件学报,2004,15(1):1-8
18. 潘锋, 李腊元. 基于 EJB 服务器的应用系统的设计与实现. 计算机应用. 2001,21(12):32-33
19. Joseph J.Bambara 等著. J2EE 技术内幕. 北京:机械工业出版社, 2002
20. Vlada Matena Beth Stearns 著,瞿裕忠译. J2EE 平台上的 EJB 组件开发. 北京:机械工业出版社,2001
21. Pravin V Tulachan 著, 肖国尊, 马擎予等译. EJB 2.0 组件开发指南. 北京:清华大学出版社,2002
22. Peter Coad 著, 对象模型策略、模式与应用. (第 2 版)(影印版). 北京:清华大学出版社, 2004
23. David Carlson 著, 周靖等译. XML 应用的 UML 建模技术. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2003
24. 陶隽, 赵文耘, 杨俊. 利用 UML 建模设计 EJB 应用系统. 计算机工程. 2002,28(3):253-255
25. 杨芙清. 软件工程技术发展思索. 软件学报, 2005.16(23):1-7
26. 冀振燕著. UML 系统分析设计与应用案例. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 2003
27. Jon Siegel, Using OMG's Model Driven Architecture to Integrate Web Services. From http://www.omg.org/mda/presentations.htm
28. UML 软件工程组织. http://www.uml.org.cn
29. Jos Warmer, Anneke Kleppe. Object Constraint Language, The Getting Your Models Ready for MDA, Second Edition. Addison Wesley, 2003
30. 李静燕. 基于 MDA 的构件开发方法的研究. 硕士学位论文. 河海大学, 2004
31. Khawar Zaman Ahmed,Cary E.Umrysh 著, 康博译. 用 J2EE 和 UML 开发 java 企业级应用程序. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2002
32. 朱奎. 基于 xUMI.模型驱动架构的应用研究. 硕士学位论文. 大连海事大学, 2004
33. P.Harman, MDA: An Idea Whose Time Has Come, Cutter Consortium,2003
34. Kabira Tech Inc. Adaptive Real-time Infrastructure for a complete OMG MDA. From http://www.ome.org/mda/presentations.htm
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